nay

Who acts: word, He, thou, that, they, servants · What happens: correct, say, do, purr, not be, buy · To what, where: laugh, Bagheera, food · Speech: someone speaks here

«nay» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nay in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

A word for "no", or a word that corrects what has just been said ("rather").

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 no	case
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 no	punct
5	no	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	2 word	nmod
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 no	punct
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 word	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 word	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 word	det
10	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 word	appos
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 corrects	nsubj
12	corrects	correct	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 word	acl:relcl
13	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 said	obj
14	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 said	aux
15	just	just	ADV	_	17 said	advmod
16	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	17 said	aux:pass
17	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 corrects	ccomp
18	(	(	PUNCT	_	20 rather	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 rather	punct
20	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	10 word	parataxis
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 rather	punct
22	)	)	PUNCT	_	20 rather	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 word	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correct speech: disagree	present	a word						tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present · perfect · passive							vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

And He said: 'Nay; but thou didst laugh.'

From Torah GEN.18.15, JPS 1917.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 said	cc
2	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 Nay	punct
5	'	'	PUNCT	_	6 Nay	punct
6	Nay	nay	INTJ	_	3 said	discourse
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 didst	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 didst	cc
9	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	10 didst	nsubj
10	didst	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 said	conj
11	laugh	laugh	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 didst	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct
13	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	He						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	do	past	thou	laugh					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Eventuality

Example 2

“Nay,” purred Bagheera, “that may not be.

From The Jungle Book.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	5 purred	punct
2	Nay	nay	INTJ	_	5 purred	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 purred	punct
4	”	"	PUNCT	_	5 purred	punct
5	purred	purr	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	Bagheera	Bagheera	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 purred	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 be	punct
8	“	"	PUNCT	_	12 be	punct
9	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 be	nsubj
10	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 be	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 be	advmod
12	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 purred	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 purred	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	purr	participle		Bagheera					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bagheera=Topic
2	not be in a quote	may	that						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

And they said unto him: 'Nay, my lord, but to buy food are thy servants come.

From Torah GEN.42.10, JPS 1917.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 said	cc
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	unto	unto	ADP	_	5 him	case
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 said	obl
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 Nay	punct
7	'	'	PUNCT	_	8 Nay	punct
8	Nay	nay	INTJ	_	3 said	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 lord	punct
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 lord	nmod:poss
11	lord	lord	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 Nay	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 buy	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 buy	cc
14	to	to	PART	_	15 buy	mark
15	buy	buy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 said	conj
16	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 buy	obj
17	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 come	cop
18	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	19 servants	nmod:poss
19	servants	servant	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 come	nsubj
20	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 buy	advcl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	they		unto him = he	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nay=Topic
2	buy	to-infinitive	they not said here	food		vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
3	is	present	thy servants		come property	tree rules

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/N/nay/