neither

Who acts: Neither, I, man · What happens: use, say, start, bear, fly, swim · To what, where: sentence, false witness, poor man, cause · Speech: someone speaks here

«neither» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: neither in the Early Modern English dictionary.

Meaning 1

Used to say "not one nor the other"; also used to start a sentence with "not" and "nor" in the old way.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	to	to	PART	_	3 say	mark
3	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Used	advcl
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 one	punct
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 one	advmod
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 say	ccomp
7	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	9 other	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 other	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 one	conj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 one	punct
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 used	punct
12	also	also	ADV	_	13 used	advmod
13	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Used	conj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 start	mark
15	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 used	xcomp
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 sentence	det
17	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 start	obj
18	with	with	ADP	_	20 not	case
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 not	punct
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 start	obl
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 not	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 nor	cc
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	24 nor	punct
24	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	29 way	cc
25	"	"	PUNCT	_	24 nor	punct
26	in	in	ADP	_	29 way	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 way	det
28	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 way	amod
29	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 start	conj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	use	participle		vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	use	participle		vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	start	to-infinitive	a sentence	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent sentence=Eventuality with not=Subeventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.

From Torah DEU.5.20, JPS 1917.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	4 bear	nsubj
2	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	4 bear	aux
3	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 bear	nsubj
4	bear	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 witness	amod
6	witness	witness	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bear	obj
7	against	against	ADP	_	9 neighbour	case
8	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	9 neighbour	nmod:poss
9	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bear	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	shall	Neither	false witness				against thy neighbour	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent witness=Patient

Example 2

I can neither fly nor swim.”

From Peter Pan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 fly	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
3	neither	neither	ADV	_	4 fly	advmod
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	6 swim	cc
6	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 fly	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 fly	punct
8	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 fly	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	can	I					neither property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	swim	infinitive	I not said here						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

neither shalt thou favour a poor man in his cause.

From Torah EXO.23.3, JPS 1917.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	4 favour	nsubj
2	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	4 favour	aux
3	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 favour	nsubj
4	favour	favour	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 man	det
6	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 man	amod
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 favour	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 cause	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 cause	nmod:poss
10	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 favour	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 favour	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	favour	shall	neither	a poor man		man's cause			tree rules
2	cause		man						nom cause «event transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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