observe
Who acts: Torah, you, LORD, ye · What happens: mean, keep, obey, watch, notice, observe · To what, where: Torah, fairy tales, it, thee, this, thing · Speech: someone speaks here
«observe» in the Early Modern English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: observe in the Early Modern English dictionary.
Meaning 1
In the Torah it means keep or obey (a day or rule); in the fairy tales it can mean watch or notice.
The tree, 22 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 Torah | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Torah | det |
| 3 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 means | obl |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 means | nsubj |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 means | ccomp |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 obey | cc |
| 8 | obey | obey | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 keep | conj |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 11 day | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 day | det |
| 11 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 obey | obj |
| 12 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 rule | cc |
| 13 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 day | conj |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 11 day | punct |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 mean | punct |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 tales | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 tales | det |
| 18 | fairy | fairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 tales | compound |
| 19 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 mean | obl |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 mean | nsubj |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 mean | aux |
| 22 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 means | parataxis |
| 23 | watch | watch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 mean | xcomp |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 notice | cc |
| 25 | notice | notice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 watch | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Torah | the Torah | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | keep | infinitive | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | obey | infinitive | day | vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | mean | can | Torah | the fairy tales | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | watch not said to happen | infinitive | Torah not said here | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | notice | infinitive | Torah not said here | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
Observe the sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the LORD thy God commanded thee.
From Torah DEU.5.12, JPS 1917.
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Observe | observe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 day | det |
| 3 | sabbath | sabbath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 day | compound |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Observe | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 keep | punct |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 keep | mark |
| 7 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Observe | parataxis |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 keep | obj |
| 9 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 keep | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 commanded | punct |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 16 commanded | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 LORD | det |
| 13 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 commanded | nsubj |
| 14 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 God | nmod:poss |
| 15 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 LORD | appos |
| 16 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 keep | parataxis |
| 17 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 16 commanded | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Observe | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | imperative | you not said here | day | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | keep | to-infinitive | it | holy property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | command | past | the LORD | thee | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent thou=Eventuality |
Example 2
The good child undresses, but observe this!
From The Red Fairy Book.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 undresses | det |
| 2 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 undresses | amod |
| 3 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 undresses | compound |
| 4 | undresses | undress | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 observe | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 observe | cc |
| 7 | observe | observe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 undresses | appos |
| 8 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 observe | obj |
| 9 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 undresses | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | infinitive | this | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent this=Topic |
Example 3
And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.
From Torah EXO.12.24, JPS 1917.
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 observe | cc |
| 2 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 observe | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 observe | aux |
| 4 | observe | observe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 thing | det |
| 6 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 observe | obj |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 ordinance | case |
| 8 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 ordinance | det |
| 9 | ordinance | ordinance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 observe | obl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 thee | case |
| 11 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 ordinance | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 sons | cc |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 sons | case |
| 14 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 15 sons | nmod:poss |
| 15 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 thee | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 ever | case |
| 17 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 15 sons | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 observe | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | observe | shall | ye | this thing | for a ordinance to thee | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent thing=Location for ordinance=Theme |
Text: the Early Modern English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova; its examples quote public-domain texts. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/emode/O/observe/