📖 amphibianWho acts: backbone, animal, plane, frog, Amphibians, Tadpoles · What happens: be, have, lay, live, travel, start · To what, where: moist skin, eggs, water, part, land, vehicle
«amphibian» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: amphibian in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 An animal with a backbone that is cold-blooded, has moist skin, usually lays eggs in water, and lives part of its life in water and part on land, like frogs, toads, newts and salamanders.
The tree, 35 words det nsubj case det nmod nsubj cop amod punct acl:relcl punct amod obj punct advmod conj obj case obl punct cc conj obj case nmod:poss nmod case obl cc conj case nmod punct case obl punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root An DET animal NOUN with ADP a DET backbone NOUN that PRON is AUX cold ADJ - PUNCT blooded ADJ , PUNCT has VERB moist ADJ skin NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV lays VERB eggs NOUN in ADP water NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ lives VERB part NOUN of ADP its PRON life NOUN in ADP water NOUN and CCONJ part NOUN on ADP land NOUN , PUNCT like ADP frogs NOUN , PUNCT toads NOUN , PUNCT newts NOUN and CCONJ salamanders NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 animal det 2 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 12 has nsubj 3 with with ADP _ 5 backbone case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 backbone det 5 backbone backbone NOUN Number=Sing 2 animal nmod 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 blooded nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 blooded cop 8 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 10 blooded amod 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 cold punct 10 blooded blooded ADJ Degree=Pos 5 backbone acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 2 animal punct 12 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 moist moist ADJ Degree=Pos 14 skin amod 14 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 12 has obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 lays punct 16 usually usually ADV _ 17 lays advmod 17 lays lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 has conj 18 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 17 lays obj 19 in in ADP _ 20 water case 20 water water NOUN Number=Sing 17 lays obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 lives punct 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 lives cc 23 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 has conj 24 part part NOUN Number=Sing 23 lives obj 25 of of ADP _ 27 life case 26 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 27 life nmod:poss 27 life life NOUN Number=Sing 24 part nmod 28 in in ADP _ 29 water case 29 water water NOUN Number=Sing 23 lives obl 30 and and CCONJ _ 31 part cc 31 part part NOUN Number=Sing 29 water conj 32 on on ADP _ 33 land case 33 land land NOUN Number=Sing 31 part nmod 34 , , PUNCT _ 36 frogs punct 35 like like ADP _ 36 frogs case 36 frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 23 lives obl 37 , , PUNCT _ 38 toads punct 38 toads toad NOUN Number=Plur 36 frogs conj 39 , , PUNCT _ 40 newts punct 40 newts newt NOUN Number=Plur 36 frogs conj 41 and and CCONJ _ 42 salamanders cc 42 salamanders salamander NOUN Number=Plur 36 frogs conj 43 . . PUNCT _ 12 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a backbone blooded property tree rules 2 have present a animal with a backbone moist skin vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient 3 lay present a animal with a backbone not said here eggs water usually property vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in water=Destination 4 live present a animal with a backbone not said here part of animal's life water and part on land like frogs and toads and newts and salamanders vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme part=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 A vehicle or plane that can travel on both land and water (amphibious vehicle).
The tree, 14 words det cc conj nsubj aux acl:relcl case det obl cc conj punct amod appos punct punct root A DET vehicle NOUN or CCONJ plane NOUN that PRON can AUX travel VERB on ADP both DET land NOUN and CCONJ water NOUN ( PUNCT amphibious ADJ vehicle NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 vehicle det 2 vehicle vehicle NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 plane cc 4 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 2 vehicle conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 travel nsubj 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 travel aux 7 travel travel VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 plane acl:relcl 8 on on ADP _ 10 land case 9 both both DET PronType=Tot 10 land det 10 land land NOUN Number=Sing 7 travel obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 water cc 12 water water NOUN Number=Sing 10 land conj 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 vehicle punct 14 amphibious amphibious ADJ Degree=Pos 15 vehicle amod 15 vehicle vehicle NOUN Number=Sing 12 water appos 16 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 vehicle punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 vehicle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 travel can plane both land and water vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory
Example 1 A frog is an amphibian.
det nsubj cop det punct root A DET frog NOUN is AUX an DET amphibian NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 frog det 2 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 5 amphibian nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 amphibian cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 amphibian det 5 amphibian amphibian NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 amphibian punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a frog a amphibian tree rules
Example 2 Amphibians start life in water and can later live on land.
nsubj obj case obl cc aux advmod conj case obl punct root Amphibians NOUN start VERB life NOUN in ADP water NOUN and CCONJ can AUX later ADV live VERB on ADP land NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Amphibians amphibian NOUN Number=Plur 2 start nsubj 2 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 life life NOUN Number=Sing 2 start obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 water case 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 start obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 live cc 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 live aux 8 later later ADV _ 9 live advmod 9 live live VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 start conj 10 on on ADP _ 11 land case 11 land land NOUN Number=Sing 9 live obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 start punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Amphibians life water vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Eventuality 2 live can Amphibians not said here land later property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location
Example 3 Tadpoles breathe with gills, but adult frogs breathe with lungs.
nsubj case obl punct cc amod nsubj conj case obl punct root Tadpoles NOUN breathe VERB with ADP gills NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ adult ADJ frogs NOUN breathe VERB with ADP lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tadpoles tadpole NOUN Number=Plur 2 breathe nsubj 2 breathe breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 gills case 4 gills gill NOUN Number=Plur 2 breathe obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 breathe punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 9 breathe cc 7 adult adult ADJ Degree=Pos 8 frogs amod 8 frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 9 breathe nsubj 9 breathe breathe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 breathe conj 10 with with ADP _ 11 lungs case 11 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 9 breathe obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 breathe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 breathe present Tadpoles with gills vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 breathe present adult frogs with lungs vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Newts and salamanders are amphibians too.
nsubj cc conj cop advmod punct root Newts NOUN and CCONJ salamanders NOUN are AUX amphibians NOUN too ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Newts newt NOUN Number=Plur 5 amphibians nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 salamanders cc 3 salamanders salamander NOUN Number=Plur 1 Newts conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 amphibians cop 5 amphibians amphibian NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 too too ADV _ 5 amphibians advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 amphibians punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Newts and salamanders amphibians tree rules
Example 5 Amphibians have smooth, moist skin, not scales.
nsubj amod punct amod obj punct advmod conj punct root Amphibians NOUN have VERB smooth ADJ , PUNCT moist ADJ skin NOUN , PUNCT not PART scales NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Amphibians amphibian NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 smooth smooth ADJ Degree=Pos 6 skin amod 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 smooth punct 5 moist moist ADJ Degree=Pos 6 skin amod 6 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 scales punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 scales advmod 9 scales scale NOUN Number=Plur 6 skin conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Amphibians smooth moist skin and scales vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient
Example 6 We found frogspawn in the pond — amphibian eggs!
nsubj obj case det obl punct amod obl punct root We PRON found VERB frogspawn NOUN in ADP the DET pond NOUN — PUNCT amphibian ADJ eggs NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 frogspawn frogspawn NOUN Number=Plur 2 found obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 pond case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 pond det 6 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obl 7 — - PUNCT _ 9 eggs punct 8 amphibian amphibian ADJ Degree=Pos 9 eggs amod 9 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 2 found obl 10 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We frogspawn the pond amphibian eggs obl vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frogspawn=Topic
Example 7 Some frog skins are poisonous, so don't lick or touch your mouth after holding one.
The tree, 16 words det compound nsubj cop punct advmod aux advmod parataxis cc conj nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj punct root Some DET frog NOUN skins NOUN are AUX poisonous ADJ , PUNCT so ADV do AUX n't PART lick VERB or CCONJ touch VERB your PRON mouth NOUN after SCONJ holding VERB one NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 3 skins det 2 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 3 skins compound 3 skins skin NOUN Number=Plur 5 poisonous nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 poisonous cop 5 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 lick punct 7 so so ADV _ 10 lick advmod 8 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 10 lick aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 lick advmod 10 lick lick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 poisonous parataxis 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 touch cc 12 touch touch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 10 lick conj 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 mouth nmod:poss 14 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 12 touch obj 15 after after SCONJ _ 16 holding mark 16 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 touch advcl 17 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 16 holding obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 poisonous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present some frog skins poisonous property tree rules 2 not lick infinitive · do-support vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 touch infinitive your mouth vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mouth=Co-Theme 4 hold gerund one vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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