📖 coldnessWho acts: Coldness, state, unfriendly behaviour, I, He, ears · What happens: be, have, not show, take away, feel, hurt · To what, where: state, low temperature, unfriendly behaviour, warmth, breath, coldness · Speech: someone speaks here
«coldness» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: coldness in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 Coldness is the state of being cold, having a low temperature («the coldness of the water»).
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop det case cop nmod punct acl det amod obj punct punct det appos case det nmod punct punct punct root Coldness NOUN is AUX the DET state NOUN of ADP being AUX cold ADJ , PUNCT having VERB a DET low ADJ temperature NOUN ( PUNCT « PUNCT the DET coldness NOUN of ADP the DET water NOUN » PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 4 state nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 state cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 state det 4 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 cold case 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 cold cop 7 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 4 state nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 having punct 9 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 state acl 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 temperature det 11 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 12 temperature amod 12 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 9 having obj 13 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 coldness punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 coldness punct 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 coldness det 16 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 12 temperature appos 17 of of ADP _ 19 water case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 water det 19 water water NOUN Number=Sing 16 coldness nmod 20 » » PUNCT _ 16 coldness punct 21 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 coldness punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Coldness the state tree rules 2 is gerund cold property tree rules 3 have gerund the state not said here a low temperature vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 Coldness is unfriendly behaviour: not showing warmth, kindness or interest towards someone.
The tree, 12 words nsubj cop amod punct advmod acl obj punct conj cc conj case obl punct root Coldness NOUN is AUX unfriendly ADJ behaviour NOUN : PUNCT not PART showing VERB warmth NOUN , PUNCT kindness NOUN or CCONJ interest NOUN towards ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 4 behaviour nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 behaviour cop 3 unfriendly unfriendly ADJ Degree=Pos 4 behaviour amod 4 behaviour behaviour NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 showing punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 showing advmod 7 showing show VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 behaviour acl 8 warmth warmth NOUN Number=Sing 7 showing obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 kindness punct 10 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 8 warmth conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 interest cc 12 interest interest NOUN Number=Sing 8 warmth conj 13 towards towards ADP _ 14 someone case 14 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 showing obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 behaviour punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Coldness unfriendly behaviour tree rules 2 not show gerund unfriendly behaviour not said here warmth and kindness or interest towards someone vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent warmth=Patient towards someone=Recipient
Example 1 The coldness of the sea took my breath away.
det nsubj case det nmod nmod:poss obj advmod punct root The DET coldness NOUN of ADP the DET sea NOUN took VERB my PRON breath NOUN away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coldness det 2 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 6 took nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 sea case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sea det 5 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 2 coldness nmod 6 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 breath nmod:poss 8 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 6 took obj 9 away away ADV _ 6 took advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take away past the coldness of the sea my breath away property vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme
Example 2 I could feel the coldness of the stone floor.
nsubj aux det obj case det compound nmod punct root I PRON could AUX feel VERB the DET coldness NOUN of ADP the DET stone NOUN floor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 feel nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 feel aux 3 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 coldness det 5 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 3 feel obj 6 of of ADP _ 9 floor case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 floor det 8 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 9 floor compound 9 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 5 coldness nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel could I the coldness of the stone floor vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coldness=Theme
Example 3 Her coldness hurt his feelings.
nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root Her PRON coldness NOUN hurt VERB his PRON feelings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 coldness nmod:poss 2 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 3 hurt nsubj 3 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 feelings nmod:poss 5 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 3 hurt obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt past Her coldness coldness's feelings vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer feeling=Patient
Example 4 He spoke with coldness after the argument.
nsubj case obl case det obl punct root He PRON spoke VERB with ADP coldness NOUN after ADP the DET argument NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 coldness case 4 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 5 after after ADP _ 7 argument case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 argument det 7 argument argument NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past He after the argument with coldness vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with coldness=Co-Agent
Example 5 The coldness of the wind made our ears ache.
det nsubj case det nmod nmod:poss nsubj ccomp punct root The DET coldness NOUN of ADP the DET wind NOUN made VERB our PRON ears NOUN ache VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coldness det 2 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 wind case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wind det 5 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 2 coldness nmod 6 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 ears nmod:poss 8 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 9 ache nsubj 9 ache ache VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 made ccomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the coldness of the wind tree rules 2 ache present our ears vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 The new girl's coldness was really shyness.
det amod nmod:poss case nsubj cop advmod punct root The DET new ADJ girl NOUN 's PART coldness NOUN was AUX really ADV shyness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 girl det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 girl amod 3 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 5 coldness nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 girl case 5 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 8 shyness nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 shyness cop 7 really really ADV _ 8 shyness advmod 8 shyness shyness NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 shyness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the new girl's coldness shyness tree rules
Example 7 After the fight there was a coldness between the friends.
case det obl expl det nsubj case det nmod punct root After ADP the DET fight NOUN there PRON was VERB a DET coldness NOUN between ADP the DET friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 fight case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fight det 3 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 5 was obl 4 there there PRON PronType=Dem 5 was expl 5 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 coldness det 7 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 5 was nsubj 8 between between ADP _ 10 friends case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 friends det 10 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 7 coldness nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past a coldness between the friends there after the fight vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 As the sun set, an icy coldness filled all nature, not however of long duration.
The tree, 15 words case det compound obl punct det amod nsubj det obj punct advmod advmod case amod conj punct root As ADP the DET sun NOUN set NOUN , PUNCT an DET icy ADJ coldness NOUN filled VERB all DET nature NOUN , PUNCT not PART however ADV of ADP long ADJ duration NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 4 set case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 set det 3 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 4 set compound 4 set set NOUN Number=Sing 9 filled obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 set punct 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 coldness det 7 icy icy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 coldness amod 8 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 9 filled nsubj 9 filled fill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 all all DET PronType=Tot 11 nature det 11 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 9 filled obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 duration punct 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 17 duration advmod 14 however however ADV _ 17 duration advmod 15 of of ADP _ 17 duration case 16 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 17 duration amod 17 duration duration NOUN Number=Sing 11 nature conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 9 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill participle a icy coldness all nature and long duration as the sun set vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent nature=Patient
Example 9 The three mothers א״מ״ש produce in the year [27]: heat, coldness [28] and moistness. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: The three mothers א״מ״ש produce in the year [27]: heat, coldness [28] and moistness.
The tree, 17 words det nummod punct nsubj nsubj compound compound nmod case det nmod punct appos punct punct conj punct conj punct appos punct cc conj punct root The DET three NUM mothers NOUN א PUNCT ״ NOUN מ NOUN ״ NOUN ש NOUN produce NOUN in ADP the DET year NOUN [ PUNCT 27 NUM ] PUNCT : PUNCT heat NOUN , PUNCT coldness NOUN [ PUNCT 28 NUM ] PUNCT and CCONJ moistness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 mothers det 2 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 mothers nummod 3 mothers mother NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 א א PUNCT _ 9 produce punct 5 ״ ״ NOUN Number=Sing 9 produce nsubj 6 מ מ NOUN Number=Sing 9 produce nsubj 7 ״ ״ NOUN Number=Sing 9 produce compound 8 ש ש NOUN Number=Sing 9 produce compound 9 produce produce NOUN Number=Sing 3 mothers nmod 10 in in ADP _ 12 year case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 year det 12 year year NOUN Number=Sing 9 produce nmod 13 [ [ PUNCT _ 14 27 punct 14 27 27 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 year appos 15 ] ] PUNCT _ 14 27 punct 16 : : PUNCT _ 17 heat punct 17 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 3 mothers conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 coldness punct 19 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 17 heat conj 20 [ [ PUNCT _ 21 28 punct 21 28 28 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 19 coldness appos 22 ] ] PUNCT _ 21 28 punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 moistness cc 24 moistness moistness NOUN Number=Sing 17 heat conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 3 mothers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 produce ״ year מ nsubj tree rules
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10 Heat was created from fire, coldness from water, and moistness from air which equalizes them. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: Heat was created from fire, coldness from water, and moistness from air which equalizes them.
The tree, 15 words nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct conj case nmod punct cc conj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Heat NOUN was AUX created VERB from ADP fire NOUN , PUNCT coldness NOUN from ADP water NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ moistness NOUN from ADP air NOUN which PRON equalizes VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 3 created nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 created aux:pass 3 created create VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 fire case 5 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 created obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 coldness punct 7 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 5 fire conj 8 from from ADP _ 9 water case 9 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 coldness nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 moistness punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 moistness cc 12 moistness moistness NOUN Number=Sing 3 created conj 13 from from ADP _ 14 air case 14 air air NOUN Number=Sing 12 moistness nmod 15 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 equalizes nsubj 16 equalizes equalize VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 moistness acl:relcl 17 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 equalizes obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 created punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 create past · passive Heat fire and coldness from water moistness from air conj vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from fire=Material 2 equalize present moistness from air fire vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 11
In ancient times coldness was considered to be a substance. [See Psalm 147, 17.] (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: 28) In ancient times coldness was considered to be a substance.
punct case amod obl nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis mark cop det xcomp punct root 28 NUM ) PUNCT In ADP ancient ADJ times NOUN coldness NOUN was AUX considered VERB to PART be AUX a DET substance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 28 28 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 2 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 considered punct 3 In in ADP _ 5 times case 4 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 5 times amod 5 times time NOUN Number=Plur 8 considered obl 6 coldness coldness NOUN Number=Sing 8 considered nsubj:pass 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 considered aux:pass 8 considered consider VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 28 parataxis 9 to to PART _ 12 substance mark 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 12 substance cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 substance det 12 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing 8 considered xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 28 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 consider past · passive coldness time vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute 2 is a to-infinitive a substance tree rules
Sentence 2: [See Psalm 147, 17.]
punct obj flat punct appos punct punct root [ PUNCT See VERB Psalm PROPN 147 NUM , PUNCT 17 NUM . PUNCT ] PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 [ [ PUNCT _ 2 See punct 2 See see VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Psalm Psalm PROPN Number=Sing 2 See obj 4 147 147 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 Psalm flat 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 17 punct 6 17 17 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 Psalm appos 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 See punct 8 ] ] PUNCT _ 2 See punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see imperative you not said here Psalm vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer psalm=Stimulus
Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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