Who acts: you, verb, things, big contrast, black letters, picture · What happens: put, compare, show, be, contrast, turn up · To what, where: things, clear difference, two things, something, red coat, verb · Speech: someone speaks here
«contrast» in the English dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: contrast in the English dictionary.
Everyday, meaning 1
noun A clear difference between two things when you put them side by side.
The tree, 14 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme by side=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2
verb To compare two things to show how they are different.
vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent contrast=Theme to lucidity=Recipient
2
strike
gerund
vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8
Pistorius gave " scriptis, numeratis, pronunciatis." Postellus gave " Numerans, numerus, numeratus," thus losing the contrasted meanings ; and so did Rittangelius, who gave " Numero, numerante, numerate." (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
Sentence 1: Pistorius gave " scriptis, numeratis, pronunciatis."
vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scriptis=Theme
Sentence 2: Postellus gave " Numerans, numerus, numeratus," thus losing the contrasted meanings ; and so did Rittangelius, who gave " Numero, numerante, numerate."
The tree, 19 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent numerus=Theme
2
lose
gerund
the contrasted meanings
thus property
vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Eventuality
3
contrast
participle
vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
4
do
past
Postellus not said here
vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5
give
past
Rittangelius
Numero and numerante
who nsubj
vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent numero=Theme
6
numeratein a quote
infinitive
Numero and numerante not said here
tree rules
Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
2 Sefer
punct
2
Sefer
Sefer
PROPN
Number=Sing
root
root
3
Yetzirah
Yetzirah
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Sefer
flat
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 Westcott
punct
5
Westcott
Westcott
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Sefer
conj
6
1893
1893
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
5 Westcott
flat
7
)
)
PUNCT
_
2 Sefer
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 9
They are called Double, because each letter presents a contrast or permutation; thus Life and Death; Peace and War (Evil); Wisdom and Folly; Riches and Poverty; Grace and Indignation; Fertility and Solitude (Desolation); Power and Servitude. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
Sentence 1: They are called Double, because each letter presents a contrast or permutation; thus Life and Death; Peace and War (Evil); Wisdom and Folly; Riches and Poverty; Grace and Indignation; Fertility and Solitude (Desolation); Power and Servitude.
The tree, 36 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
Double xcomp; Life and Death xcomp; Peace and War and Wisdom and Folly parataxis; Riches and Poverty conj; Grace and Indignation parataxis; Fertility and Solitude xcomp; Power and Servitude conj
vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2
present
present
each letter
a contrast or permutation
vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent contrast=Theme
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
2 Sefer
punct
2
Sefer
Sefer
PROPN
Number=Sing
root
root
3
Yetzirah
Yetzirah
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Sefer
flat
4
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 Westcott
punct
5
Westcott
Westcott
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Sefer
conj
6
1893
1893
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
5 Westcott
flat
7
)
)
PUNCT
_
2 Sefer
punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10
He failed, however, to see that by way of contrast riTnr must necessarily mean consonants. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: He failed, however, to see that by way of contrast riTnr must necessarily mean consonants.
The tree, 15 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
3
mean
must
consonants
by way; of contrast riTnr; necessarily property
vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consonant=Topic
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 wordsThe words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#
word
lemma
UPOS
features
head
relation
1
(
(
PUNCT
_
2 Mordell
punct
2
Mordell
Mordell
PROPN
Number=Sing
root
root
3
,
,
PUNCT
_
5 Origin
punct
4
The
the
DET
Definite=Def PronType=Art
5 Origin
det
5
Origin
Origin
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Mordell
appos
6
of
of
ADP
_
7 Letters
case
7
Letters
letter
NOUN
Number=Plur
5 Origin
nmod
8
and
and
CCONJ
_
9 Numerals
cc
9
Numerals
numeral
NOUN
Number=Plur
7 Letters
conj
10
according
accord
VERB
ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part
12 Sefer
case
11
to
to
ADP
_
10 according
fixed
12
Sefer
Sefer
PROPN
Number=Sing
2 Mordell
nmod
13
Yetzirah
Yetzirah
PROPN
Number=Sing
12 Sefer
flat
14
(
(
PUNCT
_
15 1914
punct
15
1914
1914
NUM
NumForm=Digit NumType=Card
2 Mordell
list
16
))
))
PUNCT
_
2 Mordell
punct
#
verb
tense, mood
who
what, whom
to whom
where
when
other
roles by
1
accord
gerund
vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.