cursive

Who acts: We, letters, Grandma, children, you, Joining · What happens: join, connect, flow, learn, letter, write · To what, where: letters, Joined up handwriting, strokes, word, cursive, old postcard · Speech: someone speaks here

«cursive» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cursive in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

Joined-up handwriting, in which the letters of a word are connected by flowing strokes: «We are learning cursive».

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Joined	join	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 handwriting	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Joined	punct
3	up	up	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 handwriting	compound
4	handwriting	handwriting	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 connected	punct
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 connected	obl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 letters	det
9	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 connected	nsubj:pass
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 word	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 word	det
12	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 letters	nmod
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 connected	aux:pass
14	connected	connect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 handwriting	acl:relcl
15	by	by	SCONJ	_	16 flowing	mark
16	flowing	flow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 learning	advcl
17	strokes	stroke	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 flowing	obj
18	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 flowing	punct
19	«	«	PUNCT	_	22 learning	punct
20	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 learning	nsubj
21	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 learning	aux
22	learning	learn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 connected	advcl
23	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 learning	xcomp
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	22 learning	punct
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 handwriting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	join	participle					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	connect	present · passive		the letters of a word	Joined up handwriting		vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	flow	gerund	We not said here	strokes			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location stroke=Theme
4	learn in a quote	present · progressive	We			cursive property	vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	letter			a word			nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Written with joined, flowing letters: «cursive writing», «a cursive font».

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	6 letters	case
3	joined	join	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 letters	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 flowing	punct
5	flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 letters	amod
6	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Written	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 writing	punct
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 writing	punct
9	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 writing	amod
10	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 letters	conj
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 writing	punct
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 font	punct
13	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 font	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 font	det
15	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 font	amod
16	font	font	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 writing	parataxis
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 font	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Written	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	other	roles by
1	write	participle	with joined flowing letters and cursive writing a cursive font	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	join	participle		vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	flow	gerund		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

We practise cursive every morning in Year 3.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 practise	nsubj
2	practise	practise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 morning	amod
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 morning	det
5	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 practise	obl:unmarked
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Year	case
7	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 practise	obl
8	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 Year	flat
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 practise	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	practise	present	We				in Year; morning		tree rules

Example 2

Grandma's letters are in beautiful cursive.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 letters	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Grandma	case
3	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cursive	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cursive	cop
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 cursive	case
6	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cursive	amod
7	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 cursive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Grandma's letters					cursive property	tree rules
2	letter		Grandma						nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 3

Some children find cursive faster than printing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 children	det
2	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 find	nsubj
3	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 find	xcomp
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 find	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 printing	case
7	printing	printing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 faster	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present	some children					cursive, fast property	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

Example 4

Can you read the cursive on this old postcard?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 read	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 read	nsubj
3	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cursive	det
5	cursive	cursive	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 read	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 postcard	case
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 postcard	det
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 postcard	amod
9	postcard	postcard	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 read	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 read	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	can	you	the cursive		this old postcard			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cursive=Topic

Example 5

The invitation was printed in a curly cursive font.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 invitation	det
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 printed	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 printed	aux:pass
4	printed	print	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	9 font	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 font	det
7	curly	curly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 font	amod
8	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 font	amod
9	font	font	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 printed	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 printed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	print	past · passive		the invitation		a curly cursive font			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in font=Destination

Example 6

Joining the letters is the trick to cursive writing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Joining	join	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 trick	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 letters	det
3	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Joining	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 trick	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trick	det
6	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 writing	case
8	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 writing	amod
9	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 trick	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 trick	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	gerund		the letters					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Patient
2	is a	present	Joining	the trick				to cursive writing	tree rules

Example 7

My teacher says neat cursive helps spelling.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 teacher	nmod:poss
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	neat	neat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cursive	amod
5	cursive	cursive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 helps	nsubj
6	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
7	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 helps	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	My teacher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	help	present	neat cursive	spelling					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spelling=Beneficiary

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/C/cursive/

📖 cursive

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

cursive