📖 definingWho acts: someone, defining relative clause, information, Winning, defining feature, We · What happens: show, be, give, set out, mean, tell · To what, where: exact meaning, limits, word, information, you, person · Speech: someone speaks here
«defining» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: defining in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 Most important in showing what someone or something is really like: «a defining moment».
The tree, 14 words amod mark advcl obj nsubj cc conj cop advmod case punct punct det amod nsubj punct punct root Most ADJ important ADJ in SCONJ showing VERB what PRON someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON is AUX really ADV like ADP : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET defining ADJ moment NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 important amod 2 important important ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 in in SCONJ _ 4 showing mark 4 showing show VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 important advcl 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 4 showing obj 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 16 moment nsubj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 something cc 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 someone conj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 moment cop 10 really really ADV _ 16 moment advmod 11 like like ADP _ 16 moment case 12 : : PUNCT _ 11 like punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 16 moment punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 moment det 15 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 16 moment amod 16 moment moment NOUN Number=Sing 5 what nsubj 17 » » PUNCT _ 16 moment punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 important punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show gerund what obj vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient 2 is in a quote present someone something like a defining moment tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
Giving the exact meaning of a word, or setting out the limits of something.
The tree, 14 words det amod obj case det nmod punct cc conj compound:prt det obj case nmod punct root Giving VERB the DET exact ADJ meaning NOUN of ADP a DET word NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ setting VERB out ADP the DET limits NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 meaning det 3 exact exact ADJ Degree=Pos 4 meaning amod 4 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 1 Giving obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 word case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 word det 7 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 meaning nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 setting punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 setting cc 10 setting set VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Giving conj 11 out out ADP _ 10 setting compound:prt 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 limits det 13 limits limit NOUN Number=Plur 10 setting obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 something case 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 limits nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Giving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give gerund the exact meaning of a word vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Theme 2 set out gerund the limits of something tree rules 3 mean a word nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient
Everyday, meaning 3 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
A «defining relative clause» gives information that tells you exactly which person or thing is meant.
The tree, 16 words det punct amod amod nsubj punct obj nsubj acl:relcl iobj advmod det nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass ccomp punct root A DET « PUNCT defining ADJ relative ADJ clause NOUN » PUNCT gives VERB information NOUN that PRON tells VERB you PRON exactly ADV which DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN is AUX meant VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 clause det 2 « « PUNCT _ 5 clause punct 3 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 5 clause amod 4 relative relative ADJ Degree=Pos 5 clause amod 5 clause clause NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives nsubj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 clause punct 7 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 information information NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives obj 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 tells nsubj 10 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 information acl:relcl 11 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 tells iobj 12 exactly exactly ADV _ 13 which advmod 13 which which DET PronType=Int 14 person det 14 person person NOUN Number=Sing 18 meant nsubj:pass 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 thing cc 16 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 14 person conj 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 meant aux:pass 18 meant mean VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 tells ccomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 7 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give present a defining relative clause information vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme 2 tell speech: assert present information you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic 3 mean present · passive which person or thing vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
Example 1 Winning the final was a defining moment for the team.
csubj det obj cop det amod case det nmod punct root Winning VERB the DET final NOUN was AUX a DET defining ADJ moment NOUN for ADP the DET team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Winning win VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 moment csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 final det 3 final final NOUN Number=Sing 1 Winning obj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 moment cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 moment det 6 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 7 moment amod 7 moment moment NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 10 team case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 team det 10 team team NOUN Number=Sing 7 moment nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 moment punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win gerund the final vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent final=Eventuality 2 is a past Winning a defining moment for the team tree rules
Example 2 A defining feature of a triangle is that it has three sides.
det amod nsubj case det nmod cop mark nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET defining ADJ feature NOUN of ADP a DET triangle NOUN is AUX that SCONJ it PRON has VERB three NUM sides NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 feature det 2 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 3 feature amod 3 feature feature NOUN Number=Sing 10 has nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 triangle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 triangle det 6 triangle triangle NOUN Number=Sing 3 feature nmod 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 has cop 8 that that SCONJ _ 10 has mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 has nsubj 10 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 sides nummod 12 sides side NOUN Number=Plur 10 has obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a defining feature of a triangle feature nsubj ; three sides obj ; have property tree rules 2 feature a triangle nom feature «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 We are defining the new words in our vocabulary books.
nsubj aux det amod obj case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root We PRON are AUX defining VERB the DET new ADJ words NOUN in ADP our PRON vocabulary NOUN books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 defining nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 defining aux 3 defining define VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 words det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 words amod 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 3 defining obj 7 in in ADP _ 10 books case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 books nmod:poss 9 vocabulary vocabulary NOUN Number=Sing 10 books compound 10 books book NOUN Number=Plur 6 words nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 defining punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 define present · progressive We the new words our vocabulary books vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme
Example 4 Kindness is her defining quality.
nsubj cop nmod:poss amod punct root Kindness NOUN is AUX her PRON defining ADJ quality NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 5 quality nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 quality cop 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 quality nmod:poss 4 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 5 quality amod 5 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 quality punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Kindness her defining quality her = she nmod:poss tree rules
Example 5 Defining what a «fair» game means helped end the argument.
csubj obj det punct amod punct nsubj ccomp xcomp det obj punct root Defining VERB what PRON a DET « PUNCT fair ADJ » PUNCT game NOUN means VERB helped VERB end VERB the DET argument NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Defining define VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 means csubj 2 what what PRON PronType=Int 1 Defining obj 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 game det 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 fair punct 5 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos 7 game amod 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 fair punct 7 game game NOUN Number=Sing 2 what nsubj 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 helped help VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 means ccomp 10 end end VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 helped xcomp 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 argument det 12 argument argument NOUN Number=Sing 10 end obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 define gerund what a fair game obj vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme 2 mean present Defining vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 help participle vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 4 end infinitive the argument vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality argument=Eventuality
Example 6 In the sentence «The book that I read was long», «that I read» is a defining clause.
The tree, 17 words case det obl punct det nsubj obj nsubj acl:relcl cop parataxis punct punct punct mark nsubj csubj punct cop det amod punct root In ADP the DET sentence NOUN « PUNCT The DET book NOUN that PRON I PRON read VERB was AUX long ADJ » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT that SCONJ I PRON read VERB » PUNCT is AUX a DET defining ADJ clause NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 sentence case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sentence det 3 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 22 clause obl 4 « « PUNCT _ 11 long punct 5 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 book det 6 book book NOUN Number=Sing 11 long nsubj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 read obj 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 read nsubj 9 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 book acl:relcl 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 long cop 11 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sentence parataxis 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 long punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 3 sentence punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 17 read punct 15 that that SCONJ _ 17 read mark 16 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 17 read nsubj 17 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 clause csubj 18 » » PUNCT _ 17 read punct 19 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 clause cop 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 clause det 21 defining defining ADJ Degree=Pos 22 clause amod 22 clause clause NOUN Number=Sing root root 23 . . PUNCT _ 22 clause punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read in a quote past I the book vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Topic 2 is in a quote past the book long property tree rules 3 read in a quote past I vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is a present a defining clause the sentence tree rules
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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