duke

Who acts: duke, man, small land, dukes, William, cartoon boxer · What happens: be, have, rule, call, put up, get · To what, where: man, title, small land, history, duchy, fists · Speech: someone speaks here

«duke» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: duke in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

A duke is a man of the highest rank of the nobility below a prince, in Britain and some other countries; he has a title such as "the Duke of York".

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 duke	det
2	duke	duke	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 man	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 man	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 man	det
5	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 rank	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 rank	det
8	highest	high	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 rank	amod
9	rank	rank	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 man	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 nobility	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 nobility	det
12	nobility	nobility	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rank	nmod
13	below	below	ADP	_	15 prince	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 prince	det
15	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 nobility	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 Britain	punct
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 Britain	case
18	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 rank	appos
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 countries	cc
20	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	22 countries	det
21	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 countries	amod
22	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 Britain	conj
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 has	punct
24	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 has	nsubj
25	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 man	parataxis
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 title	det
27	title	title	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 has	obj
28	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 title	amod
29	as	as	ADP	_	28 such	fixed
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	32 Duke	punct
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 Duke	det
32	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 title	appos
33	of	of	ADP	_	34 York	case
34	York	York	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 Duke	nmod
35	"	"	PUNCT	_	32 Duke	punct
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 man	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a duke	a man				of the highest rank of the nobility below a prince	tree rules
2	have	present	man	a title					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

In history, a duke ruled a small land called a duchy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 history	case
2	history	history	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 history	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 duke	det
5	duke	duke	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	nsubj
6	ruled	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 land	det
8	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 land	amod
9	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ruled	obj
10	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 land	acl
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 duchy	det
12	duchy	duchy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 called	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 ruled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	past	a duke	a small land		history			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme
2	call	participle	a small land not said here	a duchy					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent duchy=Recipient

Everyday, meaning 3

Usage: old slang, «dukes» — kept apart, not parsed.

Your dukes are your fists, as in "put up your dukes" (get ready to fight).

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 dukes	nmod:poss
2	dukes	duke	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fists	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fists	cop
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 fists	nmod:poss
5	fists	fist	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 put	punct
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 put	mark
8	in	in	ADP	_	7 as	fixed
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 put	punct
10	put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 fists	parataxis
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 put	compound:prt
12	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 dukes	nmod:poss
13	dukes	duke	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 put	obj
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 put	punct
15	(	(	PUNCT	_	16 get	punct
16	get	get	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 put	parataxis
17	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 get	xcomp
18	to	to	PART	_	19 fight	mark
19	fight	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 ready	xcomp
20	)	)	PUNCT	_	16 get	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 fists	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Your dukes	your fists	your nmod:poss	tree rules
2	put up in a quote	infinitive		your dukes		tree rules
3	get	infinitive			ready property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
4	fight	to-infinitive				vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The Duke of Wellington was a famous general.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Duke	det
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 general	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Wellington	case
4	Wellington	Wellington	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Duke	nmod
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 general	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 general	det
7	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 general	amod
8	general	general	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 general	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the Duke of Wellington	a famous general					tree rules

Example 2

The duke lived in a huge castle with a hundred rooms.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 duke	det
2	duke	duke	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	nsubj
3	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 castle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 castle	det
6	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 castle	amod
7	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lived	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 rooms	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 hundred	det
10	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 rooms	nummod
11	rooms	room	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 castle	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	the duke			a huge castle with hundred rooms			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in castle=Location

Example 3

Prince William is also the Duke of Cambridge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Prince	Prince	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 William	nmod:desc
2	William	William	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Duke	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 Duke	cop
4	also	also	ADV	_	6 Duke	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Duke	det
6	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Cambridge	case
8	Cambridge	Cambridge	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Duke	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 Duke	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	William Prince	the Duke				of Cambridge	tree rules

Example 4

The Duke and Duchess waved from the carriage.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Duke	det
2	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 waved	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 Duchess	cc
4	Duchess	Duchess	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Duke	conj
5	waved	wave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 carriage	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 carriage	det
8	carriage	carriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 waved	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 waved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wave	past	the Duke and Duchess			the carriage			vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

In the fairy tale, the duke wanted to marry the princess.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 tale	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 tale	det
3	fairy	fairy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 tale	amod
4	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wanted	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 tale	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 duke	det
7	duke	duke	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wanted	nsubj
8	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 marry	mark
10	marry	marry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 wanted	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 princess	det
12	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 marry	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 wanted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	the duke			the fairy tale			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	marry not said to happen	to-infinitive	the duke not said here	the princess					vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Patient

Example 6

"Put up your dukes!" shouted the cartoon boxer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Put	punct
2	Put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 shouted	ccomp
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 Put	compound:prt
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 dukes	nmod:poss
5	dukes	duke	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 Put	obj
6	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Put	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Put	punct
8	shouted	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 boxer	det
10	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 boxer	compound
11	boxer	boxer	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shouted	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 shouted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put up in a quote	infinitive			your dukes				vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent duke=Goal
2	shout speech: express	past	the cartoon boxer						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 7

The duke's land was called a duchy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 duke	det
2	duke	duke	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 land	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 duke	case
4	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 called	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 called	aux:pass
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 duchy	det
8	duchy	duchy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 called	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	past · passive		the duke's land				a duchy xcomp	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

Example 8

‘Choose, then,’ said the Duke, ‘whichever you prefer.’

The tree, 8 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	2 Choose	punct
2	Choose	choose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 said	ccomp
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Choose	punct
4	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 Choose	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Choose	punct
6	’	'	PUNCT	_	2 Choose	punct
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Duke	det
9	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 whichever	punct
11	‘	'	PUNCT	_	12 whichever	punct
12	whichever	whichever	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 Duke	appos
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 prefer	nsubj
14	prefer	prefer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 whichever	acl:relcl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct
16	’	'	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	choose	infinitive			then	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	past	the Duke			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	prefer	present	you	whichever not said here		vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whichever=Stimulus

Example 9

7, Duke Street, Adelphi, London, W.C, (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 Street	nummod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 Street	punct
3	Duke	Duke	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Street	compound
4	Street	Street	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Adelphi	punct
6	Adelphi	Adelphi	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Street	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 London	punct
8	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Adelphi	appos
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 W.C	punct
10	W.C	W.C	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Adelphi	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 Sefer	punct
12	(	(	PUNCT	_	13 Sefer	punct
13	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Adelphi	conj
14	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Sefer	flat
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Westcott	punct
16	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Adelphi	appos
17	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 Westcott	flat
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	16 Westcott	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/D/duke/

📖 duke

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Everyday, meaning 3

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

Example 9

duke