figurative

Who acts: heart, things, It, raining, Poets, He · What happens: use, make, be, show, recognise, rain · To what, where: picture, mind, real people, abstract shapes, cats, figurative language · Speech: someone speaks here

«figurative» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: figurative in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

Used with a meaning different from the usual, word-for-word one, to make a picture in the mind: «a heart of gold» is figurative.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 make	advcl
2	with	with	ADP	_	4 meaning	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 meaning	det
4	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Used	obl
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 meaning	amod
6	from	from	ADP	_	10 word	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 word	det
8	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 word	amod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 usual	punct
10	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 different	obl
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 word	punct
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 word	case
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 for	punct
14	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 word	appos
15	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 word	appos
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 make	punct
17	to	to	PART	_	18 make	mark
18	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 picture	det
20	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 make	obj
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 mind	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 mind	det
23	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 make	obl
24	:	:	PUNCT	_	32 figurative	punct
25	«	«	PUNCT	_	27 heart	punct
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 heart	det
27	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 figurative	nsubj
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 gold	case
29	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 heart	nmod
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	27 heart	punct
31	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 figurative	cop
32	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 make	conj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	18 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	use	participle				with a meaning	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	to-infinitive		a picture	the mind		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset picture=Product
3	is	present	a heart of gold			figurative property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

Usage: art — kept apart, not parsed.

Showing real people or things that you can recognise, not abstract shapes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 people	amod
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Showing	obj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 things	cc
5	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 people	conj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 recognise	nsubj
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 recognise	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 recognise	aux
9	recognise	recognise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 things	acl:relcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 shapes	punct
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 shapes	advmod
12	abstract	abstract	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 shapes	amod
13	shapes	shape	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 recognise	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Showing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	gerund			real people or things				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent people=Recipient
2	recognise	can	things	abstract shapes				you nsubj	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shape=Stimulus

Example 1

«It's raining cats and dogs» is figurative language.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 raining	punct
2	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 raining	nsubj
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 raining	aux
4	raining	rain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 language	csubj
5	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 raining	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 dogs	cc
7	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cats	conj
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 raining	punct
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 language	cop
10	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 language	amod
11	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 language	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rain in a quote	present · progressive	It	cats and dogs					tree rules
2	is a	present	raining	figurative language					tree rules

Example 2

Poets use figurative language to paint pictures with words.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Poets	poet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 use	nsubj
2	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 language	amod
4	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 use	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 paint	mark
6	paint	paint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 use	advcl
7	pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 paint	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 words	case
9	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 paint	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	Poets	figurative language					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient
2	paint	to-infinitive	Poets not said here	pictures				with words	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent picture=Destination with word=Theme

Example 3

«He has a heart of stone» has a figurative meaning: he is unkind.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct
2	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 has	csubj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 heart	det
5	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 stone	case
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heart	nmod
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct
9	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 meaning	det
11	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 meaning	amod
12	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 has	obj
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 unkind	punct
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 unkind	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 unkind	cop
16	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 has	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	present	He	a heart of stone		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
2	have	present		a figurative meaning		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient
3	is	present	he		unkind property	tree rules

Example 4

The teacher asked us to find three figurative phrases in the poem.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 asked	nsubj
3	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 asked	iobj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 find	mark
6	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 asked	xcomp
7	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 phrases	nummod
8	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 phrases	amod
9	phrases	phrase	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 find	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 poem	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 poem	det
12	poem	poem	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 phrases	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 asked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	past	the teacher		us				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic
2	find not said to happen	to-infinitive	the teacher not said here	three figurative phrases		the poem			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent phrase=Topic

Example 5

She paints figurative pictures of people at the beach.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 paints	nsubj
2	paints	paint	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pictures	amod
4	pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 paints	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pictures	nmod
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 beach	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 beach	det
9	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 paints	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 paints	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	paint	present	She	figurative pictures of people		the beach			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent picture=Theme at beach=Destination

Example 6

The figurative meaning of «break the ice» is to start a friendly chat.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meaning	det
2	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 meaning	amod
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 start	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 break	case
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 break	punct
6	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 meaning	acl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ice	det
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 break	obj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 break	punct
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 start	cop
11	to	to	PART	_	12 start	mark
12	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 chat	det
14	friendly	friendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 chat	amod
15	chat	chat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 start	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 start	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break in a quote	infinitive	the figurative meaning not said here	the ice					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ice=Patient
2	is	present	the figurative meaning					a friendly chat obj; start property	tree rules

Example 7

Judah Halevi in his book entitled "Kusari," p. 456, illustrates it thus: The Creator is one, and the space has in the figurative expression six dimensions. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

Sentence 1: 16) Judah Halevi in his book entitled "Kusari," p. 456, illustrates it thus: The Creator is one, and the space has in the figurative expression six dimensions.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	16	16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 entitled	obl
2	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 Judah	punct
3	Judah	Judah	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 entitled	nsubj
4	Halevi	Halevi	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Judah	flat
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 book	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 book	nmod:poss
7	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Judah	nmod
8	entitled	entitle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 Kusari	punct
10	Kusari	Kusari	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 illustrates	nsubj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 p.	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 p.	punct
13	p.	P.	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Kusari	nmod
14	456	456	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 p.	flat
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 illustrates	punct
16	illustrates	illustrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 entitled	ccomp
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 illustrates	obj
18	thus	thus	ADV	_	16 illustrates	advmod
19	:	:	PUNCT	_	23 one	punct
20	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 Creator	det
21	Creator	creator	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 one	nsubj
22	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 one	cop
23	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 entitled	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 has	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 has	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 space	det
27	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 has	nsubj
28	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 entitled	conj
29	in	in	ADP	_	32 expression	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 expression	det
31	figurative	figurative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 expression	amod
32	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 has	obl
33	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	34 dimensions	nummod
34	dimensions	dimension	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 expression	nmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 entitled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	entitle	past	Judah in Judah's book	16			tree rules
2	illustrate	present	Kusari p.	book		thus property	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Destination
3	is a	present	the Creator	one			tree rules
4	have	present	the space		the figurative expression six dimensions		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Kalisch	punct
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1877	1877	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Kalisch	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/F/figurative/

📖 figurative

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

figurative