firmament
Who acts: firmament, whole firmament, Stars, bird, God, you · What happens: be, fall, shine, fill, fly, call · To what, where: sky, falling star, dark firmament, firmament, hills, Torah GEN.1.8 · Speech: someone speaks here
«firmament» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: firmament in the English dictionary.
Everyday, meaning 1
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.
The firmament is the sky, especially the sky full of stars and heavenly things.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 firmament | det |
| 2 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sky | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sky | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sky | det |
| 5 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 sky | punct |
| 7 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 9 sky | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sky | det |
| 9 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sky | conj |
| 10 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sky | amod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 stars | case |
| 12 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 full | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 things | cc |
| 14 | heavenly | heavenly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 things | amod |
| 15 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 stars | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sky | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the firmament | the sky and the sky | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Early Modern English, meaning 1
the sky or heavens, especially the sky full of stars.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sky | det |
| 2 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 heavens | cc |
| 4 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 sky | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sky | punct |
| 6 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 8 sky | advmod |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sky | det |
| 8 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 sky | conj |
| 9 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sky | amod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 stars | case |
| 11 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 full | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sky | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
A falling star shone in the dark firmament.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 star | det |
| 2 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 star | amod |
| 3 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | shone | shine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 star | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 firmament | det |
| 7 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 firmament | amod |
| 8 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shone | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 star | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | gerund | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | shine | participle | a falling star not said here | the dark firmament | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in firmament=Location |
Example 2
The whole firmament was ablaze with northern lights.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 firmament | det |
| 2 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 firmament | amod |
| 3 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ablaze | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ablaze | cop |
| 5 | ablaze | ablaze | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 lights | case |
| 7 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lights | amod |
| 8 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ablaze | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 ablaze | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the whole firmament | with northern lights; ablaze property | tree rules |
Example 3
Stars filled the firmament above the hills.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 filled | nsubj |
| 2 | filled | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 firmament | det |
| 4 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 filled | obj |
| 5 | above | above | ADP | _ | 7 hills | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hills | det |
| 7 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 filled | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 filled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fill | past | Stars | the firmament | the hills | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent firmament=Patient |
Example 4
The bird flew high into the firmament.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bird | det |
| 2 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flew | nsubj |
| 3 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 flew | advmod |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 firmament | det |
| 7 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flew | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 flew | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | past | the bird | into the firmament result; high property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into firmament=Result |
Example 5
And God called the firmament Heaven. (Torah GEN.1.8, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: And God called the firmament Heaven.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 called | cc |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 firmament | det |
| 5 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obj |
| 6 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 firmament | appos |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 called | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | God | the firmament | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent firmament=Recipient |
Sentence 2: (Torah GEN.1.8, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.1.8 | punct |
| 2 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.1.8 | compound |
| 3 | GEN.1.8 | GEN.1.8 | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.1.8 | conj |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 JPS | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.1.8 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6
And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, (Torah GEN.1.17, JPS 1917)
The tree, 20 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 set | cc |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 set | nsubj |
| 3 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 firmament | det |
| 7 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 set | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 heaven | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 heaven | det |
| 10 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 firmament | nmod |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 give | mark |
| 12 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 set | advcl |
| 13 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obj |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 16 earth | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 earth | det |
| 16 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 GEN.1.17 | punct |
| 18 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 GEN.1.17 | punct |
| 19 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 GEN.1.17 | compound |
| 20 | GEN.1.17 | GEN.1.17 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 set | parataxis |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 1917 | punct |
| 22 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 1917 | nmod:unmarked |
| 23 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 GEN.1.17 | appos |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 1917 | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past | God | them = they | the firmament of the heaven | Torah GEN.1.17 parataxis | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in firmament=Destination | ||
| 2 | give | to-infinitive | God not said here | light | upon the earth | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
Example 7
and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth.' And it was so. (Torah GEN.1.15, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth.'
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 let | cc |
| 2 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 let | obj |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 lights | cop |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 lights | case |
| 6 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 let | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 firmament | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 firmament | det |
| 9 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lights | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 heaven | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 heaven | det |
| 12 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 firmament | nmod |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 give | mark |
| 14 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 let | xcomp |
| 15 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obj |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 earth | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 earth | det |
| 18 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 give | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 let | punct |
| 20 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 let | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | imperative | you not said here | them = they | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | infinitive | the firmament of the heaven | for lights | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give | to-infinitive | them = they not said here | light | upon the earth | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
Sentence 2: And it was so.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 was | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 was | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 3 was | advmod |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 was | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | earth | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Sentence 3: (Torah GEN.1.15, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.1.15 | punct |
| 2 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.1.15 | compound |
| 3 | GEN.1.15 | GEN.1.15 | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.1.15 | conj |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 JPS | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.1.15 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8
The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His handiwork; (Writings PSA.19.2, JPS 1917)
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 heavens | det |
| 2 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 declare | nsubj |
| 3 | declare | declare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 glory | det |
| 5 | glory | glory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 declare | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 God | case |
| 7 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 glory | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 showeth | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 showeth | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 firmament | det |
| 11 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 showeth | nsubj |
| 12 | showeth | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 declare | conj |
| 13 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 handiwork | nmod:poss |
| 14 | handiwork | handiwork | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 showeth | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 PSA.19.2 | punct |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 Writings | punct |
| 17 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 PSA.19.2 | compound |
| 18 | PSA.19.2 | PSA.19.2 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 declare | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 JPS | punct |
| 20 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 PSA.19.2 | appos |
| 21 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 20 JPS | flat |
| 22 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 JPS | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | declare speech: other | present | the heavens | the glory of God | Writings PSA.19.2 parataxis | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glory=Attribute | |||
| 2 | show | present | the firmament | firmament's handiwork | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent handiwork=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | glory | God | nom glory «state intransitive»: of=agent |
Example 9
Praise God in His sanctuary; praise Him in the firmament of His power. (Writings PSA.150.1, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Praise God in His sanctuary; praise Him in the firmament of His power.
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Praise | praise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sanctuary | nsubj |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 sanctuary | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 sanctuary | case |
| 4 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 sanctuary | nmod:poss |
| 5 | sanctuary | sanctuary | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 praise | punct |
| 7 | praise | praise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 sanctuary | conj |
| 8 | Him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 praise | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 firmament | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 firmament | det |
| 11 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 praise | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 power | case |
| 13 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 power | nmod:poss |
| 14 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 firmament | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sanctuary | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | praise | infinitive | God | the firmament of God's power | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.150.1, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | PSA.150.1 | PSA.150.1 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 PSA.150.1 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 PSA.150.1 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10
For, when there was a voice above the firmament that was over their heads, as they stood, they let down their wings. (Prophets EZK.1.25, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: For, when there was a voice above the firmament that was over their heads, as they stood, they let down their wings.
The tree, 22 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 5 was | mark |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 was | punct |
| 3 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 was | advmod |
| 4 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 was | expl |
| 5 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 stood | parataxis |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 voice | det |
| 7 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 was | nsubj |
| 8 | above | above | ADP | _ | 10 firmament | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 firmament | det |
| 10 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 voice | nmod |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 heads | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 heads | cop |
| 13 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 heads | case |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 heads | nmod:poss |
| 15 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 firmament | acl:relcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stood | punct |
| 17 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 stood | mark |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 stood | nsubj |
| 19 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 let | punct |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 let | nsubj |
| 22 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 stood | ccomp |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 let | compound:prt |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 wings | nmod:poss |
| 25 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 let | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 stood | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a voice above the firmament | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | past | the firmament | their heads | their = they nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 3 | stand | past | heads = head | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | let down | present | heads = head | heads's wings | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Theme |
Sentence 2: (Prophets EZK.1.25, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
| 2 | Prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | EZK.1.25 | EZK.1.25 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Prophets | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 EZK.1.25 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 EZK.1.25 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 11
And God called the firmament Heaven.
From Torah GEN.1.8, JPS 1917.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 called | cc |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | nsubj |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 firmament | det |
| 5 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obj |
| 6 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 firmament | appos |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 called | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | God | the firmament | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent firmament=Recipient |
Example 12
A falling star shone in the dark firmament.
From Andersen's Fairy Tales.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 star | det |
| 2 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 star | amod |
| 3 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | shone | shine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 star | acl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 firmament | det |
| 7 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 firmament | amod |
| 8 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shone | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 star | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | gerund | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | shine | participle | a falling star not said here | the dark firmament | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in firmament=Location |
Example 13
And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth,
From Torah GEN.1.17, JPS 1917.
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 set | cc |
| 2 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 set | nsubj |
| 3 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 firmament | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 firmament | det |
| 7 | firmament | firmament | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 set | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 heaven | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 heaven | det |
| 10 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 firmament | nmod |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 give | mark |
| 12 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 set | advcl |
| 13 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obj |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 16 earth | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 earth | det |
| 16 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 give | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 set | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past | God | them = they | the firmament of the heaven | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in firmament=Destination | |||
| 2 | give | to-infinitive | God not said here | light | upon the earth | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/F/firmament/