forgery

Who acts: forgery, crime, museum, painting, Forging, Banknotes · What happens: be, make, trick, think, find out, forge · To what, where: copy, people, crime, such false copies, forgery, signature · Speech: someone speaks here

«forgery» in the English dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: forgery in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

A forgery is a copy of something such as a painting, a banknote, a document or a signature, made to trick people into thinking it is real.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 forgery	det
2	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 copy	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 copy	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 copy	det
5	copy	copy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 something	case
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 copy	nmod
8	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	11 painting	case
9	as	as	ADP	_	8 such	fixed
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 painting	det
11	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 something	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 banknote	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 banknote	det
14	banknote	banknote	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 painting	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 document	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 document	det
17	document	document	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 painting	conj
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 signature	cc
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 signature	det
20	signature	signature	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 document	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 made	punct
22	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 painting	conj
23	to	to	PART	_	24 trick	mark
24	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 made	xcomp
25	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 trick	obj
26	into	into	SCONJ	_	27 thinking	mark
27	thinking	think	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	24 trick	advcl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 real	nsubj
29	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 real	cop
30	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 thinking	ccomp
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 copy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a forgery	a copy	of something such a painting and a banknote and a document or a signature	tree rules
2	make	participle	a forgery not said here			tree rules
3	trick	to-infinitive	a forgery not said here	people		vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient
4	think speech: other	gerund	a forgery not said here			vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is	present	forgery		real property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.

Forgery is the crime of making such false copies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 crime	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 crime	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 crime	det
4	crime	crime	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 making	mark
6	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 crime	acl
7	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 copies	amod
8	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 copies	amod
9	copies	copy	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 making	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 crime	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Forgery	the crime					tree rules
2	make	gerund	the crime not said here	such false copies					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset copy=Product

Example 1

The museum found out that the painting was a forgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 museum	det
2	museum	museum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 found	nsubj
3	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 found	compound:prt
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 forgery	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 painting	det
7	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 forgery	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 forgery	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 forgery	det
10	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 found	advcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find out	past	the museum						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the painting	a forgery					tree rules

Example 2

Forging a signature is forgery, which is a crime.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Forging	forge	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 forgery	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 signature	det
3	signature	signature	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Forging	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 forgery	cop
5	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 crime	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 crime	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 crime	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 crime	det
10	crime	crime	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 forgery	appos
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 forgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	forge	gerund		a signature	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signature=Product
2	is a	present	Forging	forgery	tree rules
3	is a	present	forgery	a crime	tree rules

Example 3

Banknotes have special marks to stop forgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Banknotes	banknote	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 marks	amod
4	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 stop	mark
6	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 marks	acl
7	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stop	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Banknotes	special marks					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient
2	stop	to-infinitive	Banknotes not said here	forgery					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality forgery=Eventuality

Example 4

He was sent to prison for forgery.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sent	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sent	aux:pass
3	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 prison	case
5	prison	prison	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sent	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 forgery	case
7	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sent	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	past · passive		He		prison		for forgery	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to prison=Destination

Example 5

The detective spotted the forgery because the ink was too new.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detective	det
2	detective	detective	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spotted	nsubj
3	spotted	spot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 forgery	det
5	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spotted	obj
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 new	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ink	det
8	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 new	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 new	cop
10	too	too	ADV	_	11 new	advmod
11	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spotted	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spotted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spot	past	the detective	the forgery					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme forgery=Destination
2	is	past	the ink					new property	tree rules

Example 6

Signing your mum's name on a school note is forgery, even if it seems small.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Signing	sign	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 forgery	csubj
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 mum	nmod:poss
3	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 name	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 mum	case
5	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Signing	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 note	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 note	det
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 note	compound
9	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Signing	obl
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 forgery	cop
11	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 seems	punct
13	even	even	ADV	_	16 seems	advmod
14	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 seems	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 seems	nsubj
16	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 forgery	acl:relcl
17	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 seems	xcomp
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 forgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sign	gerund		your mum's name	a school note		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme on note=Destination
2	is a	present	Signing	forgery			tree rules
3	seem a condition, not said to happen	present	it	forgery not said here		small property	vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme forgery=Attribute
4	name		your mum				nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 7

The entire Greek account of Pythagoras and his philosophy is unreliable and most likely is a forgery. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

Sentence 1: The entire Greek account of Pythagoras and his philosophy is unreliable and most likely is a forgery.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 account	det
2	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 account	amod
3	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 account	amod
4	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 forgery	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Pythagoras	case
6	Pythagoras	Pythagoras	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 account	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 unreliable	cc
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 philosophy	nmod:poss
9	philosophy	philosophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 unreliable	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 unreliable	cop
11	unreliable	unreliable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Pythagoras	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 likely	cc
13	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	14 likely	advmod
14	likely	likely	ADV	_	11 unreliable	conj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 forgery	cop
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 forgery	det
17	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 forgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Pythagoras's philosophy		unreliable property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the entire Greek account of Pythagoras	a forgery		tree rules
3	account			Pythagoras		nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient

Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Origin	punct
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Origin	det
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	appos
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Letters	case
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Origin	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Numerals	cc
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Letters	conj
10	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 Sefer	case
11	to	to	ADP	_	10 according	fixed
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	nmod
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sefer	flat
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 1914	punct
15	1914	1914	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Mordell	list
16	))	))	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Example 8

Burnet, Early Greek Pliitosopliy, page 99) that "all that has come down to us under the names of various disciples of Pythagoras is pure forgery, of the most worthless kind. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

Sentence 1: Burnet, Early Greek Pliitosopliy, page 99) that "all that has come down to us under the names of various disciples of Pythagoras is pure forgery, of the most worthless kind.

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Burnet	burnet	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 forgery	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Pliitosopliy	punct
3	Early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 Pliitosopliy	amod
4	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 Pliitosopliy	amod
5	Pliitosopliy	Pliitosopliy	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Burnet	appos
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 page	punct
7	page	page	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Pliitosopliy	appos
8	99	99	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 page	flat
9	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 Pliitosopliy	punct
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 come	mark
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 come	punct
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	15 come	nsubj
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 come	nsubj
14	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 come	aux
15	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Burnet	acl
16	down	down	ADV	_	15 come	advmod
17	to	to	ADP	_	18 us	case
18	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 come	obl
19	under	under	ADP	_	21 names	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 names	det
21	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 come	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 disciples	case
23	various	various	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 disciples	amod
24	disciples	disciple	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 names	nmod
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 Pythagoras	case
26	Pythagoras	Pythagoras	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 disciples	nmod
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 forgery	cop
28	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 forgery	amod
29	forgery	forgery	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 kind	punct
31	of	of	ADP	_	35 kind	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 kind	det
33	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	34 worthless	advmod
34	worthless	worthless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 kind	amod
35	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 forgery	appos
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	29 forgery	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	come down in a quote	present · perfect	all		us	the names of various disciples of Pythagoras	Burnet nsubj; down property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial_Location
2	is a in a quote	present	Burnet	pure forgery			the worthless kind appos	tree rules
3	name in a quote			various disciples of Pythagoras				nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient

Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Origin	punct
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Origin	det
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	appos
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Letters	case
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Origin	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Numerals	cc
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Letters	conj
10	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 Sefer	case
11	to	to	ADP	_	10 according	fixed
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	nmod
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sefer	flat
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 1914	punct
15	1914	1914	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Mordell	list
16	))	))	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/F/forgery/

📖 forgery

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

forgery