gnat

Who acts: gnat, kinds, cloud, gnats, Swallows, Jesus · What happens: fly, be, see, bite, hover, cloud · To what, where: tiny flying insect, small fly, clouds, pond, gnats, I · Speech: someone speaks here

«gnat» in the English dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gnat in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

A gnat is a tiny flying insect, a bit like a very small fly, often seen in clouds near water; some kinds bite.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 gnat	det
2	gnat	gnat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 insect	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 insect	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 insect	det
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 insect	amod
6	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 insect	amod
7	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 bit	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bit	det
10	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 insect	obl:unmarked
11	like	like	ADP	_	15 fly	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 fly	det
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 small	advmod
14	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 fly	amod
15	fly	fly	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bit	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 seen	punct
17	often	often	ADV	_	18 seen	advmod
18	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 fly	acl
19	in	in	ADP	_	20 clouds	case
20	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 seen	obl
21	near	near	ADP	_	22 water	case
22	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 clouds	nmod
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 bite	punct
24	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	25 kinds	det
25	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 bite	nsubj
26	bite	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 insect	parataxis
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 insect	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	fly	gerund					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	a gnat	a tiny flying insect		a bit like a small fly obl:unmarked	tree rules
3	see	participle		a small fly not said here	clouds near water	often property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4	bite	present	some kinds				vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

A cloud of gnats hovered over the pond.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cloud	det
2	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hovered	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 gnats	case
4	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cloud	nmod
5	hovered	hover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	over	over	ADP	_	8 pond	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pond	det
8	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hovered	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 hovered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hover	past	a cloud of gnats			the pond			vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over pond=Location
2	cloud			gnats					nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Example 2

I got bitten by gnats on the camping trip.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 bitten	nsubj
2	got	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bitten	aux:pass
3	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 gnats	case
5	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bitten	obl
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 trip	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 trip	det
8	camping	camping	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 trip	compound
9	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bitten	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 bitten	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	past · passive	gnats	I		the camping trip			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Patient on trip=Location

Example 3

Swallows swoop to catch gnats in the air.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swoop	nsubj
2	swoop	swoop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 catch	mark
4	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 swoop	advcl
5	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 catch	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 air	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 air	det
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 catch	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 swoop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swoop	present	Swallows						tree rules
2	catch	to-infinitive	Swallows not said here	gnats		the air			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gnat=Theme

Example 4

The gnat was so small it got through the window net.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gnat	det
2	gnat	gnat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 small	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 small	cop
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 small	advmod
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 got	nsubj
7	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 small	parataxis
8	through	through	ADP	_	11 net	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 net	det
10	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 net	compound
11	net	net	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 got	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 small	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the gnat					small property	tree rules
2	get	past	gnat			the window net			vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme through net=Destination

Example 5

In the Bible, Jesus speaks of people who strain out a gnat but swallow a camel.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Bible	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Bible	det
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 speaks	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Bible	punct
5	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 speaks	nsubj
6	speaks	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 people	case
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 speaks	obl
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 strain	nsubj
10	strain	strain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 people	acl:relcl
11	out	out	ADP	_	10 strain	compound:prt
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 gnat	det
13	gnat	gnat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 strain	obj
14	but	but	CCONJ	_	15 swallow	cc
15	swallow	swallow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 strain	conj
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 camel	det
17	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 swallow	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 speaks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	Jesus		the Bible	of people	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	strain out	present	people	a gnat			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent gnat=Source
3	swallow	infinitive	people not said here	a camel			vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camel=Patient

Example 6

The little gnat kept buzzing round my ear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 gnat	det
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 gnat	amod
3	gnat	gnat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kept	nsubj
4	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	buzzing	buzz	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 kept	xcomp
6	round	round	ADP	_	8 ear	case
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 ear	nmod:poss
8	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 buzzing	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	the little gnat						tree rules
2	buzz	gerund	the little gnat not said here					round my ear	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 7

The gnats and flies grew blithe and merry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gnats	det
2	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 grew	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 flies	cc
4	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 gnats	conj
5	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	blithe	blithe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 grew	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 merry	cc
8	merry	merry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 blithe	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 grew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	the gnats and flies					blithe property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 8

And the magicians did so with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast. (Torah EXO.8.18, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And the magicians did so with their secret arts to bring forth gnats, but they could not; and there were gnats upon man, and upon beast.

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 did	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 magicians	det
3	magicians	magician	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 did	nsubj
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	so	so	ADV	_	4 did	advmod
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 arts	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 arts	nmod:poss
8	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 arts	amod
9	arts	art	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 did	obl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 bring	mark
11	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 arts	acl
12	forth	forth	ADV	_	11 bring	advmod
13	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 bring	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 could	punct
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 could	cc
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 could	nsubj
17	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 did	advcl
18	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 could	advmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 were	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 were	cc
21	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	22 were	expl
22	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 did	conj
23	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 were	nsubj
24	upon	upon	ADP	_	25 man	case
25	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 gnats	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 beast	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 beast	cc
28	upon	upon	ADP	_	29 beast	case
29	beast	beast	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	parataxis
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	do	past	the magicians			with magicians's secret arts; beast parataxis	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	bring	to-infinitive	the magicians not said here	gnats		forth property	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent gnat=Theme
3	be	past	gnats upon man		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.8.18, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.8.18	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.8.18	compound
3	EXO.8.18	EXO.8.18	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.8.18	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.8.18	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 9

And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the earth, that it may become gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.' (Torah EXO.8.16, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Say unto Aaron: Stretch out thy rod, and smite the dust of the earth, that it may become gnats throughout all the land of Egypt.'

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 said	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 LORD	det
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 said	nsubj
4	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	unto	unto	ADP	_	6 Moses	case
6	Moses	Moses	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 said	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 Say	punct
8	'	'	PUNCT	_	9 Say	punct
9	Say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 said	conj
10	unto	unto	ADP	_	11 Aaron	case
11	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Say	obl
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 Stretch	punct
13	Stretch	stretch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 Say	conj
14	out	out	ADP	_	13 Stretch	compound:prt
15	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	16 rod	nmod:poss
16	rod	rod	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 Stretch	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 smite	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 smite	cc
19	smite	smite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 Say	conj
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 dust	det
21	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 smite	obj
22	of	of	ADP	_	24 earth	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 earth	det
24	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 dust	nmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 become	punct
26	that	that	SCONJ	_	29 become	mark
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 become	nsubj
28	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	29 become	aux
29	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 Say	parataxis
30	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 become	xcomp
31	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	34 land	case
32	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	34 land	det:predet
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 land	det
34	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 become	obl
35	of	of	ADP	_	36 Egypt	case
36	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 land	nmod
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 said	punct
38	'	'	PUNCT	_	4 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the LORD			unto Moses	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	infinitive	the LORD not said here			unto Aaron	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	stretch out	infinitive	the LORD not said here	thy rod			vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rod=Patient
4	smite	infinitive	the LORD not said here	the dust of the earth			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dust=Experiencer
5	become	may	dust	gnats	throughout all land of Egypt		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.8.16, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.8.16	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.8.16	compound
3	EXO.8.16	EXO.8.16	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.8.16	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.8.16	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 10

He spoke, and there came swarms of flies, and gnats in all their borders. (Writings PSA.105.31, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: He spoke, and there came swarms of flies, and gnats in all their borders.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spoke	nsubj
2	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 came	punct
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 came	cc
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	6 came	expl
6	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 spoke	conj
7	swarms	swarm	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 came	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 flies	case
9	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 swarms	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 gnats	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 gnats	cc
12	gnats	gnat	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 swarms	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 borders	case
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 borders	det:predet
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 borders	nmod:poss
16	borders	border	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 gnats	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spoke	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	past	He						vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	come	past	He not said here	swarms of flies and gnats in gnats's borders		there			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location swarm=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.105.31, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.105.31	PSA.105.31	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.105.31	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.105.31	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/G/gnat/

📖 gnat

Everyday, meaning 1

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

Example 9

Example 10

gnat