hark

Who acts: Hark, you, wind, Hark battle, raging · What happens: be, listen, hark, mean, pay, rise · To what, where: call, it, attention, Hark, bell, sea · Speech: someone speaks here

«hark» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hark in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

«Hark!» is a call to listen.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Hark	punct
2	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 call	nsubj
3	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Hark	punct
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Hark	punct
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 call	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 call	det
7	call	call	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 listen	mark
9	listen	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 call	acl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 call	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Hark	a call					tree rules
2	listen	to-infinitive							vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Everyday, meaning 2

To hark to something means to listen carefully to it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hark	mark
2	hark	hark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 means	csubj
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 something	case
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 hark	obl
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 listen	mark
7	listen	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 means	xcomp
8	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	7 listen	advmod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 listen	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	to whom	other	roles by
1	hark	to-infinitive		to something	tree rules
2	mean	present			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	listen not said to happen	to-infinitive	it	carefully property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to it=Theme

Early Modern English, meaning 1

listen, pay attention.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	listen	listen	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 pay	punct
3	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 listen	conj
4	attention	attention	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pay	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 listen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	listen	imperative	you not said here						vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	pay	infinitive	you not said here	attention					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Asset

Example 1

Hark! Is that a bell?

Sentence 1: Hark!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Hark	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: Is that a bell?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bell	cop
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	4 bell	mark
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bell	det
4	bell	bell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 bell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a bell					tree rules

Example 2

Hark to the wind rising over the sea!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 wind	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wind	det
4	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hark	nmod
5	rising	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 wind	acl
6	over	over	ADP	_	8 sea	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sea	det
8	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rising	obl
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Hark	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	gerund	the wind not said here			the sea			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over sea=Location

Example 3

Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction! (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Hark! a cry from Horonaim, spoiling and great destruction!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cry	nsubj
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 cry	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 cry	det
4	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 Horonaim	case
6	Horonaim	Horonaim	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cry	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 spoiling	punct
8	spoiling	spoil	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 cry	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 destruction	cc
10	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 destruction	amod
11	destruction	destruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cry	conj
12	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 cry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spoil	gerund							vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.48.3, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.48.3	JER.48.3	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.48.3	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.48.3	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Hark! battle is in the land, and great destruction. (Prophets JER.50.22, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Hark! battle is in the land, and great destruction.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 battle	compound
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Hark	punct
3	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 land	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 land	cop
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 land	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 land	det
7	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 destruction	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 destruction	cc
10	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 destruction	amod
11	destruction	destruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 land	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 land	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Hark battle			the land and great destruction		great destruction conj	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Prophets JER.50.22, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	JER.50.22	JER.50.22	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 JER.50.22	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 JER.50.22	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! (Prophets ISA.13.4, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 gathered	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 uproar	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 uproar	det
4	uproar	uproar	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hark	appos
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 kingdoms	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 kingdoms	det
7	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 uproar	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 nations	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 nations	det
10	nations	nation	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 kingdoms	nmod
11	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	together	together	ADV	_	11 gathered	advmod
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	11 gathered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	past	Hark					together property	vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.13.4, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	ISA.13.4	ISA.13.4	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Prophets	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ISA.13.4	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 ISA.13.4	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

Hark! is not that the wind rising?

From The Violet Fairy Book.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 rising	nsubj
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Hark	punct
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 rising	cop
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 rising	advmod
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 rising	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wind	det
7	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rising	nsubj
8	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 rising	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	Hark					the wind nsubj; rise property	tree rules

Example 7

Hark, what a buzzing and humming there is!"

From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 is	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 buzzing	punct
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 buzzing	nsubj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 buzzing	det
5	buzzing	buzzing	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Hark	appos
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 humming	cc
7	humming	humming	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 buzzing	conj
8	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 is	expl
9	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 is	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 is	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buzzing		Hark					humming conj	tree rules
2	be	present	Hark			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 8

Hark to the raging of the angry wind, sounding above the rolling sea!

From Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hark	Hark	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 raging	nsubj
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 raging	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 raging	det
4	raging	raging	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 wind	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wind	det
7	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 wind	amod
8	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 raging	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 sounding	punct
10	sounding	sound	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 raging	acl
11	above	above	ADP	_	14 sea	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sea	det
13	rolling	roll	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 sea	amod
14	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sounding	obl
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 raging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sound	gerund	the raging Hark of the angry wind not said here			the rolling sea			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above sea=Location
2	roll	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/english/H/hark/

📖 hark

Everyday, meaning 1

Everyday, meaning 2

Early Modern English, meaning 1

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Example 6

Example 7

Example 8

hark