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independently

Who acts: country, you, She, Two inventors, light, little brother · What happens: connect, affect, rule, not rule, work, learn · To what, where: country, question, Ireland

«independently» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: independently in the English dictionary.

Everyday, meaning 1

On your own, without help from others.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	3 own	case
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 own	nmod:poss
3	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 help	punct
5	without	without	ADP	_	6 help	case
6	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 own	conj
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 others	case
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 help	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 own	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Everyday, meaning 2

Separately; without being connected to or affected by something else.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Separately	separately	ADV	_	5 connected	advmod
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Separately	punct
3	without	without	SCONJ	_	5 connected	mark
4	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 connected	aux:pass
5	connected	connect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	5 connected	obl
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 affected	cc
8	affected	affect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 connected	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 something	case
10	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 affected	obl:agent
11	else	else	ADV	_	10 something	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 connected	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	connect	gerund · passive						separately property	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»
2	affect	participle						something obl:agent	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Everyday, meaning 3

Of a country: ruling itself, not ruled by another country.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 country	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 country	det
3	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 ruling	punct
5	ruling	rule	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 country	acl
6	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	5 ruling	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ruled	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 ruled	advmod
9	ruled	rule	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 ruling	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	12 country	case
11	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	12 country	det
12	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ruled	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 country	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rule	gerund	a country not said here	country					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme
2	not rule	participle	a country not said here					by another country	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Please work independently for ten minutes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Please	please	INTJ	_	2 work	discourse
2	work	work	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	independently	independently	ADV	_	2 work	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 minutes	case
5	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 minutes	nummod
6	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 work	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	imperative	you not said here				minute	independently property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 2

She learned to read independently.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 learned	nsubj
2	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 read	mark
4	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 learned	xcomp
5	independently	independently	ADV	_	4 read	advmod
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	She						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	read	to-infinitive	She not said here					independently property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

Two inventors independently came up with the same idea.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 inventors	nummod
2	inventors	inventor	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
3	independently	independently	ADV	_	4 came	advmod
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADV	_	4 came	advmod
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 idea	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 idea	det
8	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 idea	amod
9	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up	past	Two inventors					with the same idea; independently property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 4

Each light works independently of the others.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 light	det
2	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 works	nsubj
3	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	independently	independently	ADV	_	3 works	advmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 others	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 others	det
7	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 works	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 works	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	each light					of the others; independently property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

My little brother can now dress independently.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 brother	nmod:poss
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 brother	amod
3	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dress	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 dress	aux
5	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 dress	advmod
6	dress	dress	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	independently	independently	ADV	_	6 dress	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 dress	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dress	can	My little brother				now	independently property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

The country has governed itself independently for many years.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 country	det
2	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 governed	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 governed	aux
4	governed	govern	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 governed	obj
6	independently	independently	ADV	_	4 governed	advmod
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 years	case
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 years	amod
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 governed	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 governed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	govern	present · perfect · passive		the country			year	independently property	tree rules

Example 7

The question is whether the method was adopted independently in Ireland, or was due to foreign influences.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 question	det
2	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 adopted	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 adopted	cop
4	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	8 adopted	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 method	det
6	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 adopted	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 adopted	aux:pass
8	adopted	adopt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	independently	independently	ADV	_	8 adopted	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 Ireland	case
11	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 adopted	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 influences	punct
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 influences	cc
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 influences	cop
15	due	due	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	18 influences	case
16	to	to	ADP	_	15 due	fixed
17	foreign	foreign	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 influences	amod
18	influences	influence	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 adopted	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 adopted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present · passive		the question		Ireland		the method nsubj:pass; adopt, independently property	tree rules
2	is	past						due foreign influences	tree rules

Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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