📖 modellingWho acts: job, fashion model, simplified version, something, Showing, We · What happens: make, copy, wear, job, show, work · To what, where: models, things, clothes, job, simplified version, others · Speech: someone speaks here
«modelling» in the English dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: modelling in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 Making models: small copies of things, or shapes from clay, Plasticine or other materials.
The tree, 14 words obj punct amod obl case nmod punct cc conj case nmod punct conj cc amod conj punct root Making VERB models NOUN : PUNCT small ADJ copies NOUN of ADP things NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ shapes NOUN from ADP clay NOUN , PUNCT Plasticine NOUN or CCONJ other ADJ materials NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 models model NOUN Number=Plur 1 Making obj 3 : : PUNCT _ 5 copies punct 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 5 copies amod 5 copies copy NOUN Number=Plur 1 Making obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 things case 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 5 copies nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 shapes punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 shapes cc 10 shapes shape NOUN Number=Plur 5 copies conj 11 from from ADP _ 12 clay case 12 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 10 shapes nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 Plasticine punct 14 Plasticine plasticine NOUN Number=Sing 5 copies conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 materials cc 16 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 17 materials amod 17 materials material NOUN Number=Plur 14 Plasticine conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 copies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make gerund models small copies of things or shapes from clay and Plasticine or other materials obl vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset model=Product 2 copy things nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 The job of a fashion model: wearing clothes for photos or shows.
det case det compound nmod punct acl obj case obl cc conj punct root The DET job NOUN of ADP a DET fashion NOUN model NOUN : PUNCT wearing VERB clothes NOUN for ADP photos NOUN or CCONJ shows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 job det 2 job job NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 6 model case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 model det 5 fashion fashion NOUN Number=Sing 6 model compound 6 model model NOUN Number=Sing 2 job nmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 8 wearing punct 8 wearing wear VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 job acl 9 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 8 wearing obj 10 for for ADP _ 11 photos case 11 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 8 wearing obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 shows cc 13 shows show NOUN Number=Plur 11 photos conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 job punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear gerund the job of a fashion model not said here clothes for photos or shows vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent clothes=Source 3 job a fashion model nom job «act intransitive»: of=agent
Everyday, meaning 3 Usage: science, maths — kept apart, not parsed.
Making a simplified version or a set of rules (a model) that shows how something works, often on a computer, to predict things.
The tree, 23 words det amod obj cc det conj case nmod punct det appos punct nsubj acl:relcl advmod nsubj ccomp punct advmod case det obl punct mark conj obj punct root Making VERB a DET simplified ADJ version NOUN or CCONJ a DET set NOUN of ADP rules NOUN ( PUNCT a DET model NOUN ) PUNCT that PRON shows VERB how ADV something PRON works VERB , PUNCT often ADV on ADP a DET computer NOUN , PUNCT to PART predict VERB things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 version det 3 simplified simplified ADJ Degree=Pos 4 version amod 4 version version NOUN Number=Sing 1 Making obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 7 set cc 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 set det 7 set set NOUN Number=Sing 4 version conj 8 of of ADP _ 9 rules case 9 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 7 set nmod 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 model punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 model det 12 model model NOUN Number=Sing 9 rules appos 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 model punct 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 shows nsubj 15 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 version acl:relcl 16 how how ADV PronType=Int 18 works advmod 17 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 18 works nsubj 18 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 shows ccomp 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 computer punct 20 often often ADV _ 23 computer advmod 21 on on ADP _ 23 computer case 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 computer det 23 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 18 works obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 26 predict punct 25 to to PART _ 26 predict mark 26 predict predict VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 works conj 27 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 26 predict obj 28 . . PUNCT _ 1 Making punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make gerund a simplified version or a set of rules vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset version=Product 2 show present a simplified version or a set of rules vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 work present something on a computer vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on computer=Theme 4 predict to-infinitive something not said here things vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot thing=Topic
Everyday, meaning 4 Usage: behaviour — kept apart, not parsed.
Showing others how to behave by doing it yourself: «modelling good manners».
The tree, 12 words csubj obj advmod mark mark advcl obj obl punct punct parataxis amod obj punct punct root Showing VERB others NOUN how ADV to PART behave VERB by SCONJ doing VERB it PRON yourself PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT modelling VERB good ADJ manners NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Showing show VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 behave csubj 2 others other NOUN Number=Plur 1 Showing obj 3 how how ADV PronType=Int 5 behave advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 behave mark 5 behave behave VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 doing mark 7 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 behave advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 doing obj 9 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 7 doing obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 modelling punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 modelling punct 12 modelling modelling VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 behave parataxis 13 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 14 manners amod 14 manners manners NOUN Number=Ptan 12 modelling obj 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 modelling punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 behave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show gerund others vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent other=Recipient 2 behave to-infinitive Showing tree rules 3 do gerund Showing not said here it yourself obl vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality 4 modelling in a quote gerund good manners tree rules
Example 1 We did clay modelling in art today.
nsubj compound obj case obl obl:unmarked punct root We PRON did VERB clay NOUN modelling NOUN in ADP art NOUN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 did nsubj 2 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 clay clay NOUN Number=Sing 4 modelling compound 4 modelling modelling NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 art case 6 art art NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obl 7 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past We clay modelling art today vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent modelling=Eventuality
Example 2 Weather forecasts use computer modelling.
compound nsubj compound obj punct root Weather NOUN forecasts NOUN use VERB computer NOUN modelling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 2 forecasts compound 2 forecasts forecast NOUN Number=Plur 3 use nsubj 3 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 5 modelling compound 5 modelling modelling NOUN Number=Sing 3 use obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Weather forecasts computer modelling vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent modelling=Patient
Example 3 My cousin does modelling for a clothes catalogue.
nmod:poss nsubj xcomp mark det nsubj advcl punct root My PRON cousin NOUN does VERB modelling VERB for SCONJ a DET clothes NOUN catalogue VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 3 does nsubj 3 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 modelling modelling VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 does xcomp 5 for for SCONJ _ 8 catalogue mark 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 clothes det 7 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 8 catalogue nsubj 8 catalogue catalogue VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 modelling advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present My cousin tree rules 2 modelling gerund My cousin not said here tree rules 3 catalogue present a clothes vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The teacher is modelling how to set out a long division.
det nsubj aux advmod mark ccomp compound:prt det amod obj punct root The DET teacher NOUN is AUX modelling VERB how ADV to PART set VERB out ADP a DET long ADJ division NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 4 modelling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 modelling aux 4 modelling modelling VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 7 set advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 set mark 7 set set VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 modelling ccomp 8 out out ADP _ 7 set compound:prt 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 division det 10 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 division amod 11 division division NOUN Number=Sing 7 set obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 modelling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modelling present · progressive the teacher tree rules 2 set out to-infinitive the teacher not said here a long division tree rules
Example 5 Modelling the Solar System with balls showed us the sizes of the planets.
csubj det compound obj case obl iobj det obj case det nmod punct root Modelling VERB the DET Solar PROPN System PROPN with ADP balls NOUN showed VERB us PRON the DET sizes NOUN of ADP the DET planets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Modelling modelling VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 showed csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 System det 3 Solar Solar PROPN Number=Sing 4 System compound 4 System System PROPN Number=Sing 1 Modelling obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 balls case 6 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 1 Modelling obl 7 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 showed iobj 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 sizes det 10 sizes size NOUN Number=Plur 7 showed obj 11 of of ADP _ 13 planets case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 planets det 13 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 10 sizes nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modelling gerund the Solar System with balls tree rules 2 show past Modelling the sizes of the planets us vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient size=Topic
Example 6 Modelling kind behaviour helps younger children learn.
csubj amod obj amod nsubj ccomp punct root Modelling VERB kind ADJ behaviour NOUN helps VERB younger ADJ children NOUN learn VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Modelling modelling VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 helps csubj 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 behaviour amod 3 behaviour behaviour NOUN Number=Sing 1 Modelling obj 4 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 younger young ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 children amod 6 children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 learn nsubj 7 learn learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 helps ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modelling gerund kind behaviour tree rules 2 help present Modelling vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 learn present younger children vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 Maths modelling turns a word problem into an equation.
compound nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root Maths NOUN modelling NOUN turns VERB a DET word NOUN problem NOUN into ADP an DET equation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Maths math NOUN Number=Plur 2 modelling compound 2 modelling modelling NOUN Number=Sing 3 turns nsubj 3 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 problem det 5 word word NOUN Number=Sing 6 problem compound 6 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 3 turns obj 7 into into ADP _ 9 equation case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 equation det 9 equation equation NOUN Number=Sing 3 turns obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present Maths modelling a word problem a equation vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent problem=Theme into equation=Trajectory
Example 8 Dad spends weekends modelling a tiny railway.
nsubj obj acl det amod obj punct root Dad NOUN spends VERB weekends NOUN modelling VERB a DET tiny ADJ railway NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 spends nsubj 2 spends spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 weekends weekend NOUN Number=Plur 2 spends obj 4 modelling modelling VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 weekends acl 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 railway det 6 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 railway amod 7 railway railway NOUN Number=Sing 4 modelling obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 spends punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend present Dad weekend vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 modelling gerund weekends not said here a tiny railway tree rules
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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