📖 naughtyWho acts: Naughty, child, naughty puppy, you, Santa, little sister · What happens: describe, behave, not obey, joke, chew, do · To what, where: child, something, joking way, shoe, class, He · Speech: someone speaks here
«naughty» in the English dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: naughty in the English dictionary .
Everyday, meaning 1 Naughty describes a child or pet that behaves badly or does not obey.
nsubj det obj cc conj nsubj acl:relcl advmod cc aux advmod conj punct root Naughty NOUN describes VERB a DET child NOUN or CCONJ pet NOUN that PRON behaves VERB badly ADV or CCONJ does AUX not PART obey VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Naughty naughty NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 child det 4 child child NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 pet cc 6 pet pet NOUN Number=Sing 4 child conj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 behaves nsubj 8 behaves behave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 child acl:relcl 9 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 8 behaves advmod 10 or or CCONJ _ 13 obey cc 11 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 obey aux 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 obey advmod 13 obey obey VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 behaves conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present Naughty a child or pet vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent child=Theme 2 behave present a child or pet badly property vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent 3 not obey present · do-support a child or pet not said here vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Everyday, meaning 2 Naughty can describe something a bit rude or not proper, in a joking way.
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux obj det obl:unmarked amod cc advmod conj punct case det amod obl punct root Naughty NOUN can AUX describe VERB something PRON a DET bit NOUN rude ADJ or CCONJ not PART proper ADJ , PUNCT in ADP a DET joking VERB way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Naughty naughty NOUN Number=Sing 3 describe nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 describe aux 3 describe describe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 describe obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bit det 6 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 7 rude obl:unmarked 7 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 4 something amod 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 proper cc 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 proper advmod 10 proper proper ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rude conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 way punct 12 in in ADP _ 15 way case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 way det 14 joking joke VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 way amod 15 way way NOUN Number=Sing 3 describe obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe can Naughty something a joking way vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 joke speech: other gerund vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Early Modern English, meaning 1 Bad, worthless or wicked; of no value.
punct conj cc conj punct case det conj punct root Bad ADJ , PUNCT worthless ADJ or CCONJ wicked ADJ ; PUNCT of ADP no DET value NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 worthless punct 3 worthless worthless ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Bad conj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 wicked cc 5 wicked wicked ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Bad conj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 value punct 7 of of ADP _ 9 value case 8 no no DET PronType=Neg 9 value det 9 value value NOUN Number=Sing 1 Bad conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Bad punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The naughty puppy chewed my shoe.
det amod nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET naughty ADJ puppy NOUN chewed VERB my PRON shoe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 puppy det 2 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 puppy amod 3 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 4 chewed nsubj 4 chewed chew VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 shoe nmod:poss 6 shoe shoe NOUN Number=Sing 4 chewed obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 chewed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chew past the naughty puppy my shoe vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient
Example 2 Don't be naughty in class.
advmod cop obj case obl punct root Do VERB n't PART be AUX naughty ADJ in ADP class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 naughty advmod 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 naughty cop 4 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Do obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 class case 6 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 naughty obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not is infinitive class naughty property tree rules
Example 3 He was sent to the naughty step.
nsubj aux:pass case det amod obl punct root He PRON was AUX sent VERB to ADP the DET naughty ADJ step NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 sent nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 sent aux:pass 3 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to ADP _ 7 step case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 step det 6 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 7 step amod 7 step step NOUN Number=Sing 3 sent obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past · passive He to the naughty step vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to step=Destination
Example 4 Santa checks who's naughty or nice.
nsubj nsubj cop ccomp cc conj punct root Santa PROPN checks VERB who PRON 's AUX naughty ADJ or CCONJ nice ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Santa Santa PROPN Number=Sing 2 checks nsubj 2 checks check VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 naughty nsubj 4 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 naughty cop 5 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 2 checks ccomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 nice cc 7 nice nice ADJ Degree=Pos 5 naughty conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 checks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 check present Santa vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is present who nsubj ; naughty property tree rules 3 be tree rules
Example 5 My little sister was naughty and hid the remote.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop cc conj det obj punct root My PRON little ADJ sister NOUN was AUX naughty ADJ and CCONJ hid VERB the DET remote NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 sister nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sister amod 3 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 5 naughty nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 naughty cop 5 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 hid cc 7 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 naughty conj 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 remote det 9 remote remote NOUN Number=Sing 7 hid obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 naughty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past My little sister naughty property tree rules 2 hide past My little sister not said here the remote vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remote=Patient
Example 6 It was naughty of you to eat all the biscuits!
nsubj cop case obl mark advcl det:predet det obj punct root It PRON was AUX naughty ADJ of ADP you PRON to PART eat VERB all DET the DET biscuits NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 naughty nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 naughty cop 3 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 of of ADP _ 5 you case 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 naughty obl 6 to to PART _ 7 eat mark 7 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 naughty advcl 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 biscuits det:predet 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 biscuits det 10 biscuits biscuit NOUN Number=Plur 7 eat obj 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 naughty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past It of you; naughty property tree rules 2 eat to-infinitive all biscuits vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient
Example 7 The naughty kitten knocked over the vase.
det amod acl case det obl punct root The DET naughty ADJ kitten NOUN knocked VERB over ADP the DET vase NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 kitten det 2 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 kitten amod 3 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 knocked knock VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 kitten acl 5 over over ADP _ 7 vase case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 vase det 7 vase vase NOUN Number=Sing 4 knocked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 kitten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 knock participle the naughty kitten not said here the vase vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over vase=Location
Example 8 You naughty children--how could you be so disobedient?
nsubj amod punct advmod aux nsubj cop advmod conj punct root You PRON naughty ADJ children NOUN -- PUNCT how ADV could AUX you PRON be AUX so ADV disobedient ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 children nsubj 2 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 children amod 3 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 -- -- PUNCT _ 10 disobedient punct 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 disobedient advmod 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 disobedient aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 disobedient nsubj 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 disobedient cop 9 so so ADV _ 10 disobedient advmod 10 disobedient disobedient ADJ Degree=Pos 3 children conj 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 children punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is could you disobedient property tree rules
Example 9 I never knew her so naughty before.”
From Peter Pan.
nsubj advmod obj advmod advmod advmod punct punct root I PRON never ADV knew VERB her PRON so ADV naughty ADV before ADV . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 knew nsubj 2 never never ADV PronType=Neg 3 knew advmod 3 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 knew obj 5 so so ADV _ 6 naughty advmod 6 naughty naughty ADV _ 7 before advmod 7 before before ADV _ 3 knew advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 knew punct 9 ” " PUNCT _ 3 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not know past I her = she before property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus
Example 10 You naughty children--how could you be so disobedient?
From The Book of Dragons.
nsubj amod punct advmod aux nsubj cop advmod conj punct root You PRON naughty ADJ children NOUN -- PUNCT how ADV could AUX you PRON be AUX so ADV disobedient ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 children nsubj 2 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 children amod 3 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 -- -- PUNCT _ 10 disobedient punct 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 disobedient advmod 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 disobedient aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 disobedient nsubj 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 disobedient cop 9 so so ADV _ 10 disobedient advmod 10 disobedient disobedient ADJ Degree=Pos 3 children conj 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 children punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is could you disobedient property tree rules
Example 11 “Fie!” said he. “How naughty a boy Cupid is!
From Andersen's Fairy Tales.
Sentence 1: “Fie!” said he.
punct nsubj punct punct nsubj punct root “ PUNCT Fie NOUN ! PUNCT ” PUNCT said VERB he PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 2 Fie punct 2 Fie fie NOUN Number=Sing 5 said nsubj 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Fie punct 4 ” " PUNCT _ 2 Fie punct 5 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 said nsubj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Fie vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 2: “How naughty a boy Cupid is!
punct advmod det conj appos cop punct root “ PUNCT How ADV naughty ADJ a DET boy NOUN Cupid PROPN is AUX ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 3 naughty punct 2 How how ADV PronType=Int 3 naughty advmod 3 naughty naughty ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 boy det 5 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 3 naughty conj 6 Cupid Cupid PROPN Number=Sing 5 boy appos 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 boy cop 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 naughty punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present a boy Cupid appos tree rules
Text: the English dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader, each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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