al Who acts: Al, boys, et, dente, pasta, name · What happens: be, name, use, list, mean, cook · To what, where: short form, science writing, authors, pasta, little firm, chemical symbol · Speech: someone speaks here
«al» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: al in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Al is a short form of boys' names like Albert, Alan, Alfred or Alexander.
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop det amod case nmod:poss case nmod case nmod punct appos punct conj cc conj punct root Al PROPN is AUX a DET short ADJ form NOUN of ADP boys NOUN ' PART names NOUN like ADP Albert PROPN , PUNCT Alan PROPN , PUNCT Alfred PROPN or CCONJ Alexander PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 5 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 form cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 form det 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 5 form amod 5 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 names case 7 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 9 names nmod:poss 8 ' 's PART _ 7 boys case 9 names name NOUN Number=Plur 5 form nmod 10 like like ADP _ 11 Albert case 11 Albert Albert PROPN Number=Sing 9 names nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 Alan punct 13 Alan Alan PROPN Number=Sing 11 Albert appos 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 Alfred punct 15 Alfred Alfred PROPN Number=Sing 11 Albert conj 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 Alexander cc 17 Alexander Alexander PROPN Number=Sing 11 Albert conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Al a short form of boys's names like Albert and Alfred or Alexander tree rules 2 name boys like Albert and Alfred or Alexander nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent like=obl
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In «et al.» (Latin for «and others») it is a short form used in science writing for a list of authors.
The tree, 21 words case punct nsubj flat:foreign punct punct appos case punct cc nmod punct punct nsubj cop det amod acl case compound obl case det obl case nmod punct root In ADP « PUNCT et X al. X » PUNCT ( PUNCT Latin PROPN for ADP « PUNCT and CCONJ others NOUN » PUNCT ) PUNCT it PRON is AUX a DET short ADJ form NOUN used VERB in ADP science NOUN writing NOUN for ADP a DET list NOUN of ADP authors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 et case 2 « « PUNCT _ 3 et punct 3 et et X Foreign=Yes 18 form nsubj 4 al. al. X Foreign=Yes 3 et flat:foreign 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 et punct 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 Latin punct 7 Latin Latin PROPN Number=Sing 3 et appos 8 for for ADP _ 11 others case 9 « « PUNCT _ 11 others punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 others cc 11 others other NOUN Number=Plur 7 Latin nmod 12 » » PUNCT _ 7 Latin punct 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 Latin punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 form nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 form cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 form det 17 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 18 form amod 18 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 19 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 form acl 20 in in ADP _ 22 writing case 21 science science NOUN Number=Sing 22 writing compound 22 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 19 used obl 23 for for ADP _ 25 list case 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 list det 25 list list NOUN Number=Sing 19 used obl 26 of of ADP _ 27 authors case 27 authors author NOUN Number=Plur 25 list nmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 18 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present et a short form tree rules 2 use participle a short form not said here science writing for a list of authors vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 list authors nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 In «al dente» (Italian) it means pasta cooked so it is still a little firm.
The tree, 15 words case punct det nsubj punct punct appos punct nsubj obj acl advmod nsubj cop advmod det amod advcl punct root In ADP « PUNCT al DET dente X » PUNCT ( PUNCT Italian ADJ ) PUNCT it PRON means VERB pasta NOUN cooked VERB so ADV it PRON is AUX still ADV a DET little ADJ firm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 dente case 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 dente punct 3 al al DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dente det 4 dente dente X Foreign=Yes 10 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 dente punct 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 Italian punct 7 Italian Italian ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dente appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 Italian punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 means nsubj 10 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 pasta pasta NOUN Number=Sing 10 means obj 12 cooked cook VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 pasta acl 13 so so ADV _ 19 firm advmod 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 firm nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 firm cop 16 still still ADV _ 19 firm advmod 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 firm det 18 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 19 firm amod 19 firm firm NOUN Number=Sing 12 cooked advcl 20 . . PUNCT _ 10 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present al dente pasta vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pasta=Topic 2 cook participle pasta not said here vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 is a present pasta a little firm still tree rules
Meaning 4 Al is also the chemical symbol for aluminium, written with a capital A.
nsubj cop advmod det amod case nmod punct acl case det obl appos root Al PROPN is AUX also ADV the DET chemical ADJ symbol NOUN for ADP aluminium NOUN , PUNCT written VERB with ADP a DET capital NOUN A. PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 6 symbol nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 symbol cop 3 also also ADV _ 6 symbol advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 symbol det 5 chemical chemical ADJ Degree=Pos 6 symbol amod 6 symbol symbol NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 8 aluminium case 8 aluminium aluminium NOUN Number=Sing 6 symbol nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 written punct 10 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 symbol acl 11 with with ADP _ 13 capital case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 capital det 13 capital capital NOUN Number=Sing 10 written obl 14 A. A. PROPN Number=Sing 13 capital appos
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Al the chemical symbol for aluminium tree rules 2 write participle the chemical symbol not said here with a capital vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 5 In some Arabic names, al means 'the', as in Haroun-al-Raschid.
The tree, 12 words case det compound obl punct nsubj punct det punct case case obl punct flat punct conj punct root In ADP some DET Arabic PROPN names NOUN , PUNCT al NOUN means VERB ' PUNCT the DET ', PUNCT as ADP in ADP Haroun PROPN - PUNCT al PROPN - PUNCT Raschid PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 names case 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 4 names det 3 Arabic Arabic PROPN Number=Sing 4 names compound 4 names name NOUN Number=Plur 7 means obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 names punct 6 al al NOUN Number=Sing 7 means nsubj 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 ' ' PUNCT _ 10 ', punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ', det 10 ', ', PUNCT _ 7 means punct 11 as as ADP _ 13 Haroun case 12 in in ADP _ 13 Haroun case 13 Haroun Haroun PROPN Number=Sing 7 means obl 14 - - PUNCT _ 15 al punct 15 al Al PROPN Number=Sing 13 Haroun flat 16 - - PUNCT _ 17 Raschid punct 17 Raschid Raschid PROPN Number=Sing 13 Haroun conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present al some Arabic names as Haroun and Raschid vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as haroun=Attribute
Example 1 In this case the name is AL, El. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
Sentence 1: In this case the name is AL, El.
case det nmod det nsubj cop punct flat punct root In ADP this DET case NOUN the DET name NOUN is AUX AL PROPN , PUNCT El PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 case case 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 case det 3 case case NOUN Number=Sing 7 AL nmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 name det 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing 7 AL nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 AL cop 7 AL AL PROPN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 El punct 9 El El PROPN Number=Sing 7 AL flat 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 AL punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the name AL this case tree rules
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Westcott PROPN 1893 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Westcott punct 5 Westcott Westcott PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1893 1893 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Westcott flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 In this case we have the simple form AL, EL. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
Sentence 1: In this case we have the simple form AL, EL.
case det obl nsubj det amod obj appos punct flat punct root In ADP this DET case NOUN we PRON have VERB the DET simple ADJ form NOUN AL PROPN , PUNCT EL PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 case case 2 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 case det 3 case case NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obl 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 have nsubj 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 form det 7 simple simple ADJ Degree=Pos 8 form amod 8 form form NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 9 AL AL PROPN Number=Sing 8 form appos 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 EL punct 11 EL EL PROPN Number=Sing 9 AL flat 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present we the simple form this case vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Westcott PROPN 1893 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Westcott punct 5 Westcott Westcott PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1893 1893 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Westcott flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 The words are ADUN IChID AL, or " Adonai (as commonly written) the only EL" (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop flat flat punct cc punct conj punct mark amod advcl punct det amod appos punct punct appos flat punct conj flat punct root The DET words NOUN are AUX ADUN PROPN IChID PROPN AL PROPN , PUNCT or CCONJ " PUNCT Adonai PROPN ( PUNCT as SCONJ commonly ADJ written VERB ) PUNCT the DET only ADJ EL PROPN " PUNCT ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Westcott PROPN 1893 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 words det 2 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 ADUN nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 ADUN cop 4 ADUN ADUN PROPN Number=Sing root root 5 IChID IChID PROPN Number=Sing 4 ADUN flat 6 AL AL PROPN Number=Sing 4 ADUN flat 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 Adonai punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 Adonai cc 9 " " PUNCT _ 10 Adonai punct 10 Adonai Adonai PROPN Number=Sing 4 ADUN conj 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 EL punct 12 as as SCONJ _ 14 written mark 13 commonly commonly ADJ Degree=Pos 14 written amod 14 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 EL advcl 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 written punct 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 EL det 17 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 18 EL amod 18 EL EL PROPN Number=Sing 10 Adonai appos 19 " " PUNCT _ 18 EL punct 20 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 Sefer punct 21 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 18 EL appos 22 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 21 Sefer flat 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 Westcott punct 24 Westcott Westcott PROPN Number=Sing 21 Sefer conj 25 1893 1893 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 24 Westcott flat 26 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 Sefer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the words ADUN or Adonai tree rules 2 write in a quote participle the words not said here vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Al has 8 marbles and gives 3 to Sue.
nsubj nummod obj cc conj obj case obl punct root Al PROPN has VERB 8 NUM marbles NOUN and CCONJ gives VERB 3 NUM to ADP Sue PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 marbles nummod 4 marbles marble NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 gives cc 6 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 has conj 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 gives obj 8 to to ADP _ 9 Sue case 9 Sue Sue PROPN Number=Sing 6 gives obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Al 8 marbles vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marble=Patient 2 give present Al not said here 3 Sue vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent 3=Theme to sue=Recipient
Example 5 Uncle Al fixed our bike.
nsubj flat nmod:poss obj punct root Uncle PROPN Al PROPN fixed VERB our PRON bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Uncle Uncle PROPN Number=Sing 3 fixed nsubj 2 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 1 Uncle flat 3 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 bike nmod:poss 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 fixed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 fixed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix past Uncle our bike vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent bike=Patient
Example 6 The study was written by Smith et al.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl:agent parataxis flat:foreign root The DET study NOUN was AUX written VERB by ADP Smith PROPN et X al. X The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 study det 2 study study NOUN Number=Sing 4 written nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 written aux:pass 4 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 Smith case 6 Smith Smith PROPN Number=Sing 4 written obl:agent 7 et et X Foreign=Yes 4 written parataxis 8 al. al. X Foreign=Yes 7 et flat:foreign
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past · passive Smith the study vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 7 Cook the spaghetti until it is al dente.
det obj mark nsubj cop conj dep punct root Cook VERB the DET spaghetti NOUN until SCONJ it PRON is AUX al ADJ dente X . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cook cook VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 spaghetti det 3 spaghetti spaghetti NOUN Number=Sing 1 Cook obj 4 until until SCONJ _ 7 al mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 al nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 al cop 7 al al ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Cook conj 8 dente dente X Foreign=Yes 7 al dep 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Cook punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cook imperative you not said here the spaghetti vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent spaghetti=Patient 2 is present spaghetti al property tree rules
Example 8 The symbol Al stands for aluminium.
det nsubj nsubj case obl punct root The DET symbol NOUN Al PROPN stands VERB for ADP aluminium NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 symbol det 2 symbol symbol NOUN Number=Sing 4 stands nsubj 3 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 4 stands nsubj 4 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 aluminium case 6 aluminium aluminium NOUN Number=Sing 4 stands obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present the symbol for aluminium vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for aluminium=Attribute
Example 9 «Call me Al,» said the new boy.
punct ccomp obj xcomp punct punct det amod nsubj punct root « PUNCT Call VERB me PRON Al PROPN , PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB the DET new ADJ boy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Call punct 2 Call call VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 said ccomp 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 Call obj 4 Al Al PROPN Number=Sing 2 Call xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 Call punct 6 » » PUNCT _ 2 Call punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 boy det 9 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 10 boy amod 10 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call in a quote infinitive the new boy = boy vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient 2 say speech: assert past the new boy vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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