approximate

Who acts: I, alliteration, Wondrous Ways, approximate distance, you, approximate time · What happens: make, estimate, come, be, translate, find · To what, where: close guess, amount, phrase, choice, 5 kilometres, approximate answer · Speech: someone speaks here

«approximate» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: approximate in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Close to the exact number or amount, but not exactly it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	to	to	ADP	_	5 number	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 number	det
4	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 number	amod
5	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Close	obl
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 amount	cc
7	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 number	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 it	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 it	cc
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 it	advmod
11	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	12 it	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Close	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Close	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To make a close guess or estimate of an amount.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 guess	det
4	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 guess	amod
5	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 estimate	cc
7	estimate	estimate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 guess	conj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 amount	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 amount	det
10	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 estimate	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		a close guess or estimate of a amount					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset guess=Product
2	estimate			a amount					nom estimate «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Meaning 3

Usage: verb, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

To come close to or be nearly like something.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 come	mark
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	close	close	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 come	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	3 close	fixed
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 something	cc
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 something	cop
7	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	9 something	advmod
8	like	like	ADP	_	9 something	case
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 come	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	to-infinitive						close property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	infinitive						like something; nearly property	tree rules

Example 1

Midrash Tanchuma 1:5 on [Genesis 1:1], Zohar 1:3a inter alia.] [note 8: Though the phrase is usually translated the ‘Thirty-Two Paths’, I find that the alliteration of ‘Wondrous Ways of Wisdom’ neatly approximates the SY’s choice of poetic vocabulary. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

Sentence 1: Midrash Tanchuma 1:5 on [Genesis 1:1], Zohar 1:3a inter alia.]

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Midrash	Midrash	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	Tanchuma	Tanchuma	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Midrash	flat
3	1:5	1:5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Midrash	list
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 Genesis	case
5	[	[	PUNCT	_	6 Genesis	punct
6	Genesis	Genesis	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Midrash	nmod
7	1:1	1:1	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 Genesis	flat
8	]	]	PUNCT	_	6 Genesis	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Zohar	punct
10	Zohar	Zohar	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Genesis	flat
11	1:3a	1:3a	X	_	10 Zohar	dep
12	inter	int	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 alia	amod
13	alia	alia	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 1:3a	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Midrash	punct
15	]	]	PUNCT	_	1 Midrash	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: [note 8: Though the phrase is usually translated the ‘Thirty-Two Paths’, I find that the alliteration of ‘Wondrous Ways of Wisdom’ neatly approximates the SY’s choice of poetic vocabulary.

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	[	[	PUNCT	_	2 note	punct
2	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 note	flat
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 translated	punct
5	Though	though	SCONJ	_	10 translated	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 phrase	det
7	phrase	phrase	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 translated	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 translated	aux:pass
9	usually	usually	ADV	_	10 translated	advmod
10	translated	translate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 note	parataxis
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Paths	det
12	‘	'	PUNCT	_	16 Paths	punct
13	Thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 Two	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 Thirty	punct
15	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 Paths	nummod
16	Paths	path	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 translated	obj
17	’	'	PUNCT	_	16 Paths	punct
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 find	punct
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 find	nsubj
20	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 translated	conj
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	32 approximates	mark
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 alliteration	det
23	alliteration	alliteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 approximates	nsubj
24	of	of	ADP	_	27 Ways	case
25	‘	'	PUNCT	_	27 Ways	punct
26	Wondrous	wondrous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 Ways	amod
27	Ways	Way	PROPN	Number=Plur	23 alliteration	nmod
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 Wisdom	case
29	Wisdom	Wisdom	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 Ways	nmod
30	’	'	PUNCT	_	27 Ways	punct
31	neatly	neatly	ADV	_	32 approximates	advmod
32	approximates	approximate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 find	ccomp
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 SY	det
34	SY	SY	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 choice	nmod:poss
35	’s	's	PART	_	34 SY	case
36	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 approximates	obj
37	of	of	ADP	_	39 vocabulary	case
38	poetic	poetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 vocabulary	amod
39	vocabulary	vocabulary	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 choice	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 note	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	translate	present · passive		the phrase	usually property	tree rules
2	find	present	I			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	approximate	present	the alliteration of Wondrous Ways of Wisdom	the SY's choice of poetic vocabulary	neatly property	vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent choice=Value
4	alliterate		Wondrous Ways of Wisdom			nom alliteration «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 translation	punct
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 translation	compound
6	community	community	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 translation	compound
7	translation	translation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	appos
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

The approximate distance to the beach is 5 kilometres.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 distance	det
2	approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 distance	amod
3	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 kilometres	nsubj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 beach	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 beach	det
6	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 distance	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 kilometres	cop
8	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 kilometres	nummod
9	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 kilometres	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the approximate distance to the beach	5 kilometres					tree rules

Example 3

Give an approximate answer by rounding to the nearest ten.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Give	give	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 answer	det
3	approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 answer	amod
4	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Give	obj
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 rounding	mark
6	rounding	round	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Give	advcl
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 ten	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ten	det
9	nearest	near	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 ten	amod
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 rounding	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Give	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	imperative	you not said here	a approximate answer					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme
2	round	gerund	you not said here			the nearest ten			vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to ten=Location

Example 4

The approximate time of arrival is noon.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 time	det
2	approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 time	amod
3	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 noon	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 arrival	case
5	arrival	arrival	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 time	nmod
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 noon	cop
7	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 noon	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the approximate time of arrival	noon					tree rules

Example 5

Pi is approximately 3.14.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pi	pi	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 3.14	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 3.14	cop
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	4 3.14	advmod
4	3.14	3.14	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 3.14	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Pi	3.14				approximately property	tree rules

Example 6

Approximate 48 + 31 by rounding first.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximate	approximate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	48	48	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Approximate	obl:unmarked
3	+	+	SYM	_	4 31	cc
4	31	31	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 48	conj
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 rounding	mark
6	rounding	round	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Approximate	advcl
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	6 rounding	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Approximate	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	round	gerund						first property	vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 7

The crowd was approximately 2,000 people.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crowd	det
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 people	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 people	cop
4	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	5 2,000	advmod
5	2,000	2000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 people	nummod
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 people	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the crowd	2,000 people					tree rules

Example 8

This drawing only approximates the real shape.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 drawing	det
2	drawing	drawing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 approximates	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 approximates	advmod
4	approximates	approximate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 shape	det
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shape	amod
7	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 approximates	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 approximates	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	approximate	present	this drawing	the real shape					vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent shape=Value

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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