cling Who acts: cling, wet clothes, you, She, lost dog, We · What happens: cling, be, mean, stick, believe, hold on · To what, where: it, hope, baby monkey, cat, wet T shirt, me
«cling» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cling in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cling to something is to hold on to it very tightly.
mark advcl case obl cop mark compound:prt case obl advmod advmod punct root To PART cling VERB to ADP something PRON is AUX to PART hold VERB on ADP to ADP it PRON very ADV tightly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cling mark 2 cling cling VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 hold advcl 3 to to ADP _ 4 something case 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 cling obl 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hold cop 6 to to PART _ 7 hold mark 7 hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 on on ADP _ 7 hold compound:prt 9 to to ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 hold obl 11 very very ADV _ 12 tightly advmod 12 tightly tightly ADV _ 7 hold advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling to-infinitive to something vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to something=Co-Theme 2 is present it hold, tightly property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To cling means to stick closely to something or someone (wet clothes cling to your body).
The tree, 16 words mark nsubj mark xcomp advmod case obl cc conj punct amod nsubj acl:relcl case nmod:poss obl punct punct root To PART cling NOUN means VERB to PART stick VERB closely ADV to ADP something PRON or CCONJ someone PRON ( PUNCT wet ADJ clothes NOUN cling VERB to ADP your PRON body NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cling mark 2 cling cling NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 stick mark 5 stick stick VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 closely closely ADV _ 5 stick advmod 7 to to ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 stick obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 someone cc 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 something conj 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 14 cling punct 12 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 13 clothes amod 13 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 14 cling nsubj 14 cling cling VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 someone acl:relcl 15 to to ADP _ 17 body case 16 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 body nmod:poss 17 body body NOUN Number=Sing 14 cling obl 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 cling punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present cling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 stick not said to happen to-infinitive cling not said here to something; closely property vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to something=Co-Patient 3 cling present wet clothes to your body vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to body=Co-Theme
Meaning 3 To cling to an idea or hope is to keep believing it even when it is hard.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl case det obl cc conj cop mark xcomp obj advmod advmod expl cop advcl punct root To PART cling VERB to ADP an DET idea NOUN or CCONJ hope NOUN is AUX to PART keep VERB believing VERB it PRON even ADV when ADV it PRON is AUX hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cling mark 2 cling cling VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 keep advcl 3 to to ADP _ 5 idea case 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 idea det 5 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 2 cling obl 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 hope cc 7 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 5 idea conj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 keep cop 9 to to PART _ 10 keep mark 10 keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 11 believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 keep xcomp 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 believing obj 13 even even ADV _ 17 hard advmod 14 when when ADV PronType=Int 17 hard advmod 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 hard expl 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 hard cop 17 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 10 keep advcl 18 . . PUNCT _ 10 keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling to-infinitive to a idea or hope vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to idea=Co-Theme 2 is present keep property tree rules 3 believe gerund hope vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus 4 is present hard property tree rules
Example 1 The baby monkey clung to its mother's back.
det compound acl case nmod:poss nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET baby NOUN monkey NOUN clung VERB to ADP its PRON mother NOUN 's PART back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 monkey det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 monkey compound 3 monkey monkey NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 clung cling VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 monkey acl 5 to to ADP _ 9 back case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 mother nmod:poss 7 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 9 back nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 mother case 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 4 clung obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 monkey punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling participle the baby monkey not said here to monkey's mother's back vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to back=Co-Theme
Example 2 The cat clung to the branch with its claws.
det acl case det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET cat NOUN clung VERB to ADP the DET branch NOUN with ADP its PRON claws NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 clung cling VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 cat acl 4 to to ADP _ 6 branch case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 branch det 6 branch branch NOUN Number=Sing 3 clung obl 7 with with ADP _ 9 claws case 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 claws nmod:poss 9 claws claw NOUN Number=Plur 6 branch nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 cat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling participle the cat not said here to the branch with branch's claws vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to branch=Co-Theme
Example 3 My wet T-shirt clung to me after the rain.
nmod:poss amod compound punct acl case obl case det obl punct root My PRON wet ADJ T NOUN - PUNCT shirt NOUN clung VERB to ADP me PRON after ADP the DET rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 shirt nmod:poss 2 wet wet ADJ Degree=Pos 5 shirt amod 3 T t NOUN Number=Sing 5 shirt compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 T punct 5 shirt shirt NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 clung cling VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 shirt acl 7 to to ADP _ 8 me case 8 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 clung obl 9 after after ADP _ 11 rain case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 rain det 11 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 6 clung obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 shirt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling participle My wet T shirt not said here me after the rain vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to i=Co-Theme
Example 4 Hold on and cling to the rope!
compound:prt cc conj case det obl punct root Hold VERB on ADP and CCONJ cling NOUN to ADP the DET rope NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hold hold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 on on ADP _ 1 Hold compound:prt 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 cling cc 4 cling cling NOUN Number=Sing 1 Hold conj 5 to to ADP _ 7 rope case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rope det 7 rope rope NOUN Number=Sing 1 Hold obl 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold on imperative you not said here to the rope vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The little boy clung to his dad on the first day of school.
det amod acl case nmod:poss obl:agent case det amod obl case nmod punct root The DET little ADJ boy NOUN clung VERB to ADP his PRON dad NOUN on ADP the DET first ADJ day NOUN of ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 boy det 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 boy amod 3 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 clung cling VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 boy acl 5 to to ADP _ 7 dad case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 dad nmod:poss 7 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 4 clung obl:agent 8 on on ADP _ 11 day case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 day det 10 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 11 day amod 11 day day NOUN Number=Sing 4 clung obl 12 of of ADP _ 13 school case 13 school school NOUN Number=Sing 11 day nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 boy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling participle the little boy not said here day vn cling-22.5 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
Example 6 She clung to the hope that her lost dog would come home.
nsubj case det obl mark nmod:poss amod nsubj aux advcl advmod punct root She PRON clung VERB to ADP the DET hope NOUN that SCONJ her PRON lost VERB dog NOUN would AUX come VERB home ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 clung nsubj 2 clung cling VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 hope case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 hope det 5 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 2 clung obl 6 that that SCONJ _ 11 come mark 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 dog nmod:poss 8 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 dog amod 9 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 11 come nsubj 10 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 come aux 11 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 clung advcl 12 home home ADV _ 11 come advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 clung punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling past She to the hope vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to hope=Co-Theme 2 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 come would her lost dog home property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 We covered the bowl with cling film.
nsubj det obj case compound nmod punct root We PRON covered VERB the DET bowl NOUN with ADP cling NOUN film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 covered nsubj 2 covered cover VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 bowl det 4 bowl bowl NOUN Number=Sing 2 covered obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 film case 6 cling cling NOUN Number=Sing 7 film compound 7 film film NOUN Number=Sing 4 bowl nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past We the bowl with cling film vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bowl=Destination with film=Theme
Example 8 A sock was clinging to my jumper when it came out of the dryer.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj aux case nmod:poss obl advmod nsubj advcl case case det obl punct root A DET sock NOUN was AUX clinging VERB to ADP my PRON jumper NOUN when ADV it PRON came VERB out ADP of ADP the DET dryer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sock det 2 sock sock NOUN Number=Sing 4 clinging nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 clinging aux 4 clinging cling VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 to to ADP _ 7 jumper case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 jumper nmod:poss 7 jumper jumper NOUN Number=Sing 4 clinging obl 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 came advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 came nsubj 10 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 clinging advcl 11 out out ADP _ 14 dryer case 12 of of ADP _ 14 dryer case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 dryer det 14 dryer dryer NOUN Number=Sing 10 came obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 clinging punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cling past · progressive a sock to my jumper vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to jumper=Co-Theme 2 come out past sock the dryer vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient dryer=Result
Example 9 She could see the men clinging to the masts.
nsubj aux det obj acl case det obl punct root She PRON could AUX see VERB the DET men NOUN clinging VERB to ADP the DET masts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 see nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 see aux 3 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 men det 5 men man NOUN Number=Plur 3 see obj 6 clinging cling VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 men acl 7 to to ADP _ 9 masts case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 masts det 9 masts mast NOUN Number=Plur 6 clinging obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see could She the men vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus 2 cling gerund the men not said here to the masts vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to mast=Co-Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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