cold
Who acts: Feeling, illness, cold, I, earth, satiation · What happens: have, feel, not be, give, mean, be · To what, where: low temperature, runny nose, you, cold weather, seedtime, Heat
«cold» in the Judaism dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 15 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: cold in the Judaism dictionary.
Meaning 1
Having a low temperature; not warm.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 warm | csubj |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 temperature | det |
| 3 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 temperature | amod |
| 4 | temperature | temperature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Having | obj |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 warm | punct |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 warm | advmod |
| 7 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 warm | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | a low temperature | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"cold water".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 water | punct |
| 2 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 water | amod |
| 3 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 water | punct |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 water | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2
Feeling that your body is not warm enough.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Feeling | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 warm | csubj |
| 2 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 4 body | mark |
| 3 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 body | nmod:poss |
| 4 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Feeling | advcl |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 warm | cop |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 warm | advmod |
| 7 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 7 warm | advmod |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 warm | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | gerund | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||||
| 2 | not is | present | Feeling | enough, warm property | tree rules |
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"I'm cold."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 cold | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 cold | nsubj |
| 3 | 'm | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 cold | cop |
| 4 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 cold | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 cold | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | I | cold property | tree rules |
Meaning 3
An illness that gives you a runny nose, sneezes and a sore throat.
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 illness | det |
| 2 | illness | illness | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 gives | nsubj |
| 4 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 illness | acl:relcl |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 gives | iobj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 nose | det |
| 7 | runny | runny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 nose | amod |
| 8 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gives | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 sneezes | punct |
| 10 | sneezes | sneeze | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 nose | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 throat | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 throat | det |
| 13 | sore | sore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 throat | amod |
| 14 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 nose | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 illness | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | a illness | a runny nose and sneezes and a sore throat | you | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient nose=Theme |
Meaning 4
Not friendly or kind.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 2 friendly | advmod |
| 2 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 kind | cc |
| 4 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 friendly | conj |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 friendly | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a cold look".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 look | det |
| 3 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 look | amod |
| 4 | look | look | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 look | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 5
"The cold" means cold weather.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 cold | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 cold | det |
| 3 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 means | nsubj |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 cold | punct |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 weather | amod |
| 7 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 means | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | the cold | cold weather | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weather=Topic |
Example 1
While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.' (Torah GEN.8.22, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.'
The tree, 22 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 4 remaineth | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 earth | det |
| 3 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remaineth | nsubj |
| 4 | remaineth | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 cease | advcl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 seedtime | punct |
| 6 | seedtime | seedtime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remaineth | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 harvest | cc |
| 8 | harvest | harvest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 seedtime | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 cold | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 cold | cc |
| 11 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 remaineth | parataxis |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 heat | cc |
| 13 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cold | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 summer | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 summer | cc |
| 16 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 remaineth | parataxis |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 winter | cc |
| 18 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 summer | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 cease | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 cease | cc |
| 21 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cease | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 night | cc |
| 23 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 day | conj |
| 24 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 cease | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 cease | advmod |
| 26 | cease | cease | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 cease | punct |
| 28 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 26 cease | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remain | present | the earth | seedtime and harvest | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme seedtime=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | not cease | shall | day | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
Sentence 2: (Torah GEN.8.22, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.8.22 | punct |
| 2 | Torah | Torah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.8.22 | compound |
| 3 | GEN.8.22 | GEN.8.22 | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 GEN.8.22 | conj |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 JPS | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 GEN.8.22 | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2
Heat was created from Fire, and cold from Water, and satiation from Wind deciding between them. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: Heat was created from Fire, and cold from Water, and satiation from Wind deciding between them.
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 created | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 created | aux:pass |
| 3 | created | create | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 Fire | case |
| 5 | Fire | Fire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 created | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 cold | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 cold | cc |
| 8 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 created | conj |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Water | case |
| 10 | Water | Water | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 cold | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 satiation | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 satiation | cc |
| 13 | satiation | satiation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 created | obl |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 Wind | case |
| 15 | Wind | Wind | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 satiation | nmod |
| 16 | deciding | decide | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 satiation | acl |
| 17 | between | between | ADP | _ | 18 them | case |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 deciding | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 created | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | create | past · passive | Heat | Fire | satiation from Wind obl | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from fire=Material | |||
| 2 | decide | gerund | satiation from Wind not said here | between them = they | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Sefer | punct |
| 2 | Sefer | Sefer | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | Yetzirah | Yetzirah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Sefer | flat |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 translation | punct |
| 5 | Sefaria | Sefaria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 translation | compound |
| 6 | community | community | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 translation | compound |
| 7 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Sefer | appos |
| 8 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Sefer | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3
He caused Mem to predominate in Water, and crowned it, and combined it with others, and formed Earth on the world, cold in the year, and the fruit of the womb in mankind, being carried in the belly. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
Sentence 1: He caused Mem to predominate in Water, and crowned it, and combined it with others, and formed Earth on the world, cold in the year, and the fruit of the womb in mankind, being carried in the belly.
The tree, 38 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 caused | nsubj |
| 2 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Mem | Mem | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 caused | obj |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 predominate | mark |
| 5 | predominate | predominate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 caused | xcomp |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Water | case |
| 7 | Water | Water | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 predominate | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 crowned | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 crowned | cc |
| 10 | crowned | crown | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 caused | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 crowned | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 combined | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 combined | cc |
| 14 | combined | combine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 caused | conj |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 combined | obj |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 others | case |
| 17 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 combined | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 formed | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 formed | cc |
| 20 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 caused | conj |
| 21 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 formed | obj |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 world | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 world | det |
| 24 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 formed | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 cold | punct |
| 26 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 world | amod |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 year | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 year | det |
| 29 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cold | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 carried | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 carried | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 fruit | det |
| 33 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 carried | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 womb | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 womb | det |
| 36 | womb | womb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 fruit | nmod |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 mankind | case |
| 38 | mankind | mankind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 womb | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 carried | punct |
| 40 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 carried | aux:pass |
| 41 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 caused | parataxis |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 belly | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 belly | det |
| 44 | belly | belly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 carried | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 caused | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cause | past | He | Mem | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | predominate | to-infinitive | Mem not said here | Water | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | ||||
| 3 | crown | past | He not said here | it | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | combine | past | He not said here | it | with others | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with other=Co-Patient | |||
| 5 | form | past | He not said here | Earth | the world | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location earth=Theme | |||
| 6 | carry | gerund · passive | the fruit of the womb in mankind | the belly | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in belly=Location |
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Sefer | punct |
| 2 | Sefer | Sefer | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | Yetzirah | Yetzirah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Sefer | flat |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Westcott | punct |
| 5 | Westcott | Westcott | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Sefer | conj |
| 6 | 1887 | 1887 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 Westcott | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Sefer | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4
Out of the Chamber cometh the storm; and cold out of the north. (Writings JOB.37.9, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Out of the Chamber cometh the storm; and cold out of the north.
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Out | out | ADP | _ | 4 Chamber | case |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Chamber | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Chamber | det |
| 4 | Chamber | Chamber | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 cometh | obl |
| 5 | cometh | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 storm | det |
| 7 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cometh | obj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 cold | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 cold | cc |
| 10 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cometh | parataxis |
| 11 | out | out | ADP | _ | 14 north | case |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 north | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 north | det |
| 14 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 cold | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 cometh | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | the storm | the Chamber | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location storm=Theme |
Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.37.9, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | JOB.37.9 | JOB.37.9 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 JOB.37.9 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 JOB.37.9 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5
He casteth forth His ice like crumbs; who can stand before His cold? (Writings PSA.147.17, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: He casteth forth His ice like crumbs; who can stand before His cold?
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 casteth | nsubj |
| 2 | casteth | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 2 casteth | advmod |
| 4 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 ice | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 casteth | obj |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 crumbs | case |
| 7 | crumbs | crumb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 casteth | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 stand | punct |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 stand | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 stand | aux |
| 11 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 casteth | parataxis |
| 12 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 cold | case |
| 13 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 cold | nmod:poss |
| 14 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 stand | obl |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 casteth | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cast | present | He | His ice | like crumbs; forth property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Product | |||
| 2 | stand | can | His cold | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before cold=Location |
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.147.17, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | PSA.147.17 | PSA.147.17 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 PSA.147.17 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 PSA.147.17 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6
They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold. (Writings JOB.24.7, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lie | nsubj |
| 2 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 night | det |
| 4 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lie | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | naked | naked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 lie | xcomp |
| 6 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 7 clothing | mark |
| 7 | clothing | clothe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 lie | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 have | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 have | cc |
| 10 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 lie | conj |
| 11 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 12 covering | det |
| 12 | covering | covering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 have | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 cold | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 cold | det |
| 15 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 covering | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lie | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | They | night | naked property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | clothe | gerund | They not said here | vn dress-41.1.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | have | present | They not said here | no covering | the cold | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covering=Patient |
Sentence 2: (Writings JOB.24.7, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | JOB.24.7 | JOB.24.7 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 JOB.24.7 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 JOB.24.7 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 7
It is cold outside, so wear a coat.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cold | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 cold | cop |
| 3 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | outside | outside | ADV | _ | 3 cold | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 wear | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 wear | advmod |
| 7 | wear | wear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 cold | parataxis |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 coat | det |
| 9 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wear | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cold | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | cold, outside property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wear | infinitive | a coat | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coat=Theme |
Example 8
I caught a cold and stayed home.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 caught | nsubj |
| 2 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 cold | det |
| 4 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 caught | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 stayed | cc |
| 6 | stayed | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 caught | conj |
| 7 | home | home | ADV | _ | 6 stayed | advmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 caught | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | catch | past | I | a cold | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme | ||||
| 2 | stay | past | I not said here | home property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Example 9
The milk is in the cold fridge.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 milk | det |
| 2 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fridge | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 fridge | cop |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 fridge | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 fridge | det |
| 6 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 fridge | amod |
| 7 | fridge | fridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 fridge | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the milk | the cold fridge | tree rules |
Example 10
Cold air sinks and warm air rises.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 air | amod |
| 2 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sinks | nsubj |
| 3 | sinks | sink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 rises | cc |
| 5 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 air | amod |
| 6 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rises | nsubj |
| 7 | rises | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sinks | conj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sinks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sink | present | Cold air | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | rise | present | warm air | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Example 11
Cover your mouth when you sneeze with a cold.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cover | cover | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 3 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Cover | obj |
| 4 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 sneeze | advmod |
| 5 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 sneeze | nsubj |
| 6 | sneeze | sneeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Cover | advcl |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 cold | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 cold | det |
| 9 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sneeze | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Cover | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | imperative | you not said here | your mouth | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mouth=Destination | ||||
| 2 | sneeze | present | you | with a cold | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Example 12
Water turns to ice when it gets very cold.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 turns | nsubj |
| 2 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 ice | case |
| 4 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 turns | obl |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 7 gets | advmod |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 gets | nsubj |
| 7 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 turns | advcl |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 cold | advmod |
| 9 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 gets | xcomp |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 turns | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | Water | ice | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to ice=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | get | present | Water | cold property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
Example 13
She gave me a cold look.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | nsubj |
| 2 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 gave | iobj |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 look | det |
| 5 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 look | amod |
| 6 | look | look | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 gave | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 gave | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | She | a cold look | me | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient look=Theme |
Example 14
Snakes are cold-blooded animals.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Snakes | snake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 animals | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 animals | cop |
| 3 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 blooded | amod |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 cold | punct |
| 5 | blooded | blooded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 animals | amod |
| 6 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 animals | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Snakes | blooded animals | tree rules |
Example 15
Oh, how cold the water is!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 4 cold | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 cold | punct |
| 3 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 cold | advmod |
| 4 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 water | det |
| 6 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cold | obj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 cold | cop |
| 8 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 cold | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | cold property | tree rules |
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/C/cold/