decline Who acts: decline, steps, our, you, thy, She · What happens: decline, not be, be, not turn back, have, step · To what, where: fall, amount, heart, path, wisdom, understanding
«decline» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: decline in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To decline is to say no politely to an offer or invitation.
mark cop mark ccomp discourse advmod case det obl cc conj punct root To PART decline VERB is AUX to PART say VERB no INTJ politely ADV to ADP an DET offer NOUN or CCONJ invitation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decline mark 2 decline decline VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 say cop 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 decline ccomp 6 no no INTJ Polarity=Neg 2 decline discourse 7 politely politely ADV _ 2 decline advmod 8 to to ADP _ 10 offer case 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 offer det 10 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 2 decline obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 invitation cc 12 invitation invitation NOUN Number=Sing 10 offer conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 decline punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline to-infinitive to a offer or invitation; politely property vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 not is present say property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To decline is to become smaller, fewer or worse.
mark csubj cop mark xcomp punct conj cc conj punct root To PART decline VERB is AUX to PART become VERB smaller ADJ , PUNCT fewer ADJ or CCONJ worse ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 decline mark 2 decline decline VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 become csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 become cop 4 to to PART _ 5 become mark 5 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 become xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 fewer punct 8 fewer few ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 smaller conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 worse cc 10 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 fewer conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 become punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline to-infinitive vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 is present become, small property tree rules
Meaning 3 A decline is a fall in amount, number or quality.
det nsubj cop det case nmod punct conj cc conj punct root A DET decline NOUN is AUX a DET fall NOUN in ADP amount NOUN , PUNCT number NOUN or CCONJ quality NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 decline det 2 decline decline NOUN Number=Sing 5 fall nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fall cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fall det 5 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 amount case 7 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 5 fall nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 number punct 9 number number NOUN Number=Sing 5 fall conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 quality cc 11 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 9 number conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 fall punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a decline a fall and number or quality amount tree rules
Example 1 Our heart is not turned back, neither have our steps declined from Thy path; (Writings PSA.44.19, JPS 1917)
The tree, 18 words nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod advmod punct cc:preconj parataxis nmod:poss nsubj ccomp case nmod:poss obl punct punct compound obl punct appos flat punct root Our PRON heart NOUN is AUX not PART turned VERB back ADV , PUNCT neither CCONJ have VERB our PRON steps NOUN declined VERB from ADP Thy PRON path NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PSA.44.19 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 heart nmod:poss 2 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 turned aux:pass 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 turned advmod 5 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 back back ADV _ 5 turned advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 have punct 8 neither neither CCONJ Polarity=Neg 9 have cc:preconj 9 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 turned parataxis 10 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 steps nmod:poss 11 steps step NOUN Number=Plur 12 declined nsubj 12 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 have ccomp 13 from from ADP _ 15 path case 14 Thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 15 path nmod:poss 15 path path NOUN Number=Sing 12 declined obl 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 19 PSA.44.19 punct 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 Writings punct 18 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur 19 PSA.44.19 compound 19 PSA.44.19 PSA.44.19 PROPN Number=Sing 5 turned obl 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 JPS punct 21 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 19 PSA.44.19 appos 22 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 21 JPS flat 23 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 JPS punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not turn back present · passive Our heart Writings PSA.44.19 obl vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 have present tree rules 3 decline past our steps Thy path vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 4 step our nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 Get wisdom, get understanding; forget not, neither decline from the words of my mouth; (Writings PRO.4.5, JPS 1917)
The tree, 18 words obj punct conj obj punct conj advmod punct det obl case det nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct punct obl appos punct flat flat punct root Get VERB wisdom NOUN , PUNCT get VERB understanding NOUN ; PUNCT forget VERB not PART , PUNCT neither DET decline NOUN from ADP the DET words NOUN of ADP my PRON mouth NOUN ; PUNCT ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PRO.4.5 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 wisdom wisdom NOUN Number=Sing 1 Get obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 get punct 4 get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Get conj 5 understanding understanding NOUN Number=Sing 4 get obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 7 forget punct 7 forget forget VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Get conj 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 forget advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 decline punct 10 neither neither DET PronType=Neg 11 decline det 11 decline decline NOUN Number=Sing 7 forget obl 12 from from ADP _ 14 words case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 words det 14 words word NOUN Number=Plur 11 decline nmod 15 of of ADP _ 17 mouth case 16 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 mouth nmod:poss 17 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 14 words nmod 18 ; ; PUNCT _ 1 Get punct 19 ( ( PUNCT _ 20 Writings punct 20 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur 1 Get obl 21 PRO.4.5 PRO.4.5 PROPN Number=Sing 20 Writings appos 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 JPS punct 23 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 21 PRO.4.5 flat 24 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 21 PRO.4.5 flat 25 ) ) PUNCT _ 20 Writings punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get imperative you not said here wisdom Writings obl vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wisdom=Stimulus 2 get infinitive you not said here understanding vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer understanding=Stimulus 3 not forget infinitive you not said here neither decline from the words of my mouth tree rules 4 word my mouth nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 Let not thy heart decline to her ways, go not astray in her paths. (Writings PRO.7.25, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Let not thy heart decline to her ways, go not astray in her paths.
The tree, 14 words advmod nmod:poss compound obj case nmod:poss nmod punct conj advmod xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root Let VERB not PART thy PRON heart NOUN decline NOUN to ADP her PRON ways NOUN , PUNCT go VERB not PART astray ADJ in ADP her PRON paths NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 decline advmod 3 thy thy PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch 5 decline nmod:poss 4 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 5 decline compound 5 decline decline NOUN Number=Sing 1 Let obj 6 to to ADP _ 8 ways case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 ways nmod:poss 8 ways way NOUN Number=Plur 5 decline nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 go punct 10 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Let conj 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 astray advmod 12 astray astray ADJ Degree=Pos 10 go xcomp 13 in in ADP _ 15 paths case 14 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 paths nmod:poss 15 paths path NOUN Number=Plur 12 astray obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here thy heart decline her ways vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent decline=Theme to way=Recipient 2 go infinitive you not said here astray property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 decline thy to her ways nom decline «process intransitive»: poss=agent to=obl
Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.7.25, JPS 1917)
punct appos punct flat flat punct root ( PUNCT Writings NOUN PRO.7.25 PROPN , PUNCT JPS PROPN 1917 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct 2 Writings writing NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 PRO.7.25 PRO.7.25 PROPN Number=Sing 2 Writings appos 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 JPS punct 5 JPS JPS PROPN Number=Sing 3 PRO.7.25 flat 6 1917 1917 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 PRO.7.25 flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Writings punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 4 She politely declined the offer of a second cake.
nsubj advmod det obj case det amod nmod punct root She PRON politely ADV declined VERB the DET offer NOUN of ADP a DET second ADJ cake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 declined nsubj 2 politely politely ADV _ 3 declined advmod 3 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 offer det 5 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 3 declined obj 6 of of ADP _ 9 cake case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 cake det 8 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 9 cake amod 9 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 5 offer nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 declined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline past She the offer of a second cake politely property vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme 2 offer a second cake nom offer «communication transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 The number of hedgehogs has declined.
det nsubj case nmod aux punct root The DET number NOUN of ADP hedgehogs NOUN has AUX declined VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 number det 2 number number NOUN Number=Sing 6 declined nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 hedgehogs case 4 hedgehogs hedgehog NOUN Number=Plur 2 number nmod 5 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 declined aux 6 declined decline VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 declined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline present · perfect the number of hedgehogs vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 6 The graph shows a decline in sales after March.
det nsubj det obj case nmod case nmod punct root The DET graph NOUN shows VERB a DET decline NOUN in ADP sales NOUN after ADP March PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 graph det 2 graph graph NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows nsubj 3 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 decline det 5 decline decline NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 sales case 7 sales sale NOUN Number=Plur 5 decline nmod 8 after after ADP _ 9 March case 9 March March PROPN Number=Sing 7 sales nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present the graph a decline in sales after March vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent decline=Patient in sale=Topic
Example 7 Grandpa's health declined over the winter.
nmod:poss case nsubj case det obl punct root Grandpa PROPN 's PART health NOUN declined VERB over ADP the DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 3 health nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandpa case 3 health health NOUN Number=Sing 4 declined nsubj 4 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 over over ADP _ 7 winter case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 winter det 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 4 declined obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 declined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline past Grandpa's health winter vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 8 He declined to answer the question.
nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root He PRON declined VERB to PART answer VERB the DET question NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 declined nsubj 2 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 answer mark 4 answer answer VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 declined xcomp 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 question det 6 question question NOUN Number=Sing 4 answer obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 declined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 decline past He vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 not answer speech: assert to-infinitive He not said here the question vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Eventuality
Example 9 The town fell into decline when the factory shut.
det nsubj case obl advmod det nsubj advcl punct root The DET town NOUN fell VERB into ADP decline NOUN when ADV the DET factory NOUN shut ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 fell nsubj 3 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 5 decline case 5 decline decline NOUN Number=Sing 3 fell obl 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 shut advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 factory det 8 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 9 shut nsubj 9 shut shut ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fell advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 fell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall past the town into decline result vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into decline=Result
Example 10 Thank you, but I must decline.
obj punct cc nsubj aux conj punct root Thank VERB you PRON , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON must AUX decline VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 Thank obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 7 decline punct 4 but but CCONJ _ 7 decline cc 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 decline nsubj 6 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 decline aux 7 decline decline VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Thank conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme 2 decline must I vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 11 The Soldier drank, but only moderately, and declined to drink any more.
The tree, 12 words det nsubj punct cc advmod advmod punct cc conj mark xcomp advmod advmod punct root The DET Soldier PROPN drank VERB , PUNCT but CCONJ only ADV moderately ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ declined VERB to PART drink VERB any ADV more ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Soldier det 2 Soldier Soldier PROPN Number=Sing 3 drank nsubj 3 drank drink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 moderately punct 5 but but CCONJ _ 7 moderately cc 6 only only ADV _ 7 moderately advmod 7 moderately moderately ADV _ 3 drank advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 declined punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 declined cc 10 declined decline VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 drank conj 11 to to PART _ 12 drink mark 12 drink drink VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 declined xcomp 13 any any ADV _ 14 more advmod 14 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 12 drink advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 drank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 drink past the Soldier moderately property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 decline past the Soldier not said here vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 not drink to-infinitive the Soldier not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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