distinction

Who acts: distinction, Samaritans, tradition, Resh, She, We · What happens: be, preserve, allow, occur, bear, pass · To what, where: clear difference, high mark, tradition, Resh, single forms, distinction

«distinction» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: distinction in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A distinction is a clear difference between two things.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 distinction	det
2	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 difference	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 difference	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 difference	det
5	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 difference	amod
6	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	between	between	ADP	_	9 things	case
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 things	nummod
9	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 difference	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 difference	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a distinction	a clear difference				between two things	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A distinction is a high mark or grade for excellent work.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 distinction	det
2	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mark	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 mark	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mark	det
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 mark	amod
6	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 grade	cc
8	grade	grade	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mark	conj
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 work	case
10	excellent	excellent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 work	amod
11	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mark	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 mark	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a distinction	a high mark or grade				for excellent work	tree rules

Meaning 3

Distinction is being special or excellent: a writer of distinction.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 special	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 special	cop
3	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 special	cop
4	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 excellent	cc
6	excellent	excellent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 special	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 writer	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 writer	det
9	writer	writer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 special	parataxis
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 distinction	case
11	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 writer	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 special	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Distinction					special property	tree rules
2	be		Distinction not said here						tree rules

Example 1

The Samaritans still to this day preserve a tradition allowing Resh to occur in both single and double forms, bearing a distinction comparable to the difference between the Spanish single r of pero and double rr of perro.] Taw-Thaw. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

Sentence 1: The Samaritans still to this day preserve a tradition allowing Resh to occur in both single and double forms, bearing a distinction comparable to the difference between the Spanish single r of pero and double rr of perro.]

The tree, 38 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Samaritans	det
2	Samaritans	Samaritan	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 preserve	nsubj
3	still	still	ADV	_	7 preserve	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 day	case
5	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 day	det
6	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 preserve	obl
7	preserve	preserve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 tradition	det
9	tradition	tradition	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 preserve	obj
10	allowing	allow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 tradition	acl
11	Resh	Resh	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 allowing	obj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 occur	mark
13	occur	occur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 allowing	xcomp
14	in	in	ADP	_	19 forms	case
15	both	both	CCONJ	_	16 single	cc:preconj
16	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 forms	amod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 double	cc
18	double	double	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 single	conj
19	forms	form	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 occur	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 bearing	punct
21	bearing	bear	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 preserve	advcl
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 distinction	det
23	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bearing	obj
24	comparable	comparable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 bearing	xcomp
25	to	to	ADP	_	27 difference	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 difference	det
27	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 comparable	obl
28	between	between	ADP	_	32 r	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 r	det
30	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 r	amod
31	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 r	amod
32	r	r	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 difference	nmod
33	of	of	ADP	_	34 pero	case
34	pero	pero	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 r	nmod
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 rr	cc
36	double	double	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 rr	amod
37	rr	rr	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 r	conj
38	of	of	ADP	_	39 perro	case
39	perro	perro	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 rr	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 preserve	punct
41	]	]	PUNCT	_	7 preserve	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve	infinitive	the Samaritans	a tradition		still; day		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tradition=Beneficiary
2	allow	gerund	a tradition not said here	Resh				vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer resh=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
3	occur not said to happen	to-infinitive	Resh not said here		single forms			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in form=Location
4	bear	gerund	the Samaritans not said here	a distinction			comparable property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distinction=Patient

Sentence 2: Taw-Thaw.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Taw	Taw	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 Thaw	punct
3	Thaw	Thaw	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Taw	flat
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Taw	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 translation	punct
5	Sefaria	Sefaria	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 translation	compound
6	community	community	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 translation	compound
7	translation	translation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	appos
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

What is the distinction between a frog and a toad?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 distinction	det
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	between	between	ADP	_	7 frog	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 frog	det
7	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distinction	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 toad	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 toad	det
10	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 frog	conj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the distinction between a frog and a toad						tree rules

Example 3

She passed her music exam with distinction.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 passed	nsubj
2	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 exam	nmod:poss
4	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 exam	compound
5	exam	exam	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 passed	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 distinction	case
7	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 passed	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 passed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	past	She	her music exam				with distinction	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme exam=Trajectory

Example 4

We must make a distinction between fact and opinion.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 make	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 make	aux
3	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 distinction	det
5	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	obj
6	between	between	ADP	_	7 fact	case
7	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 opinion	cc
9	opinion	opinion	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fact	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	must	We	a distinction				between fact and opinion	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distinction=Product

Example 5

He had the distinction of being the youngest player.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 distinction	det
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 player	case
6	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 player	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 player	det
8	youngest	young	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 player	amod
9	player	player	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 distinction	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	He	the distinction					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distinction=Patient
2	is	gerund						of the youngest player	tree rules

Example 6

The distinction between the twins was hard to see.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 distinction	det
2	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hard	nsubj
3	between	between	ADP	_	5 twins	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 twins	det
5	twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 distinction	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 hard	cop
7	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 see	mark
9	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 hard	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 hard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the distinction between the twins					hard property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive	the distinction between the twins not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Example 7

(formal) Candidates achieving distinction will receive a certificate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 formal	punct
2	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Candidates	amod
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 formal	punct
4	Candidates	candidate	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 receive	nsubj
5	achieving	achieve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 Candidates	acl
6	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 achieving	obj
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 receive	aux
8	receive	receive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 certificate	det
10	certificate	certificate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 receive	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 receive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	achieve	gerund	formal Candidates not said here	distinction					vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent distinction=Eventuality
2	receive	future	formal Candidates	a certificate					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent certificate=Theme

Example 8

But let me find, when you enjoy honor and distinction, that you possess a grateful heart.”

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	2 let	cc
2	let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 let	obj
4	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 let	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 enjoy	punct
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 enjoy	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 enjoy	nsubj
8	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 find	ccomp
9	honor	honor	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 enjoy	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 distinction	cc
11	distinction	distinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 honor	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 possess	punct
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	15 possess	mark
14	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 possess	nsubj
15	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 enjoy	conj
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 heart	det
17	grateful	grateful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 heart	amod
18	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 possess	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 let	punct
20	”	"	PUNCT	_	2 let	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	let	imperative	you not said here	me	tree rules
2	find	infinitive	me not said here		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	enjoy	present	you	honor and distinction	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer honor=Stimulus
4	possess	present	you	a grateful heart	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot heart=Theme

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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