dross
Who acts: waste scum, silver, Burning lips, Thou, I, Thy · What happens: rise, melt, throw away, become, be, mix · To what, where: metal, that, become dross, wine, earthen vessel, testimonies
«dross» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: dross in the Judaism dictionary.
Meaning 1
The waste scum that rises when metal is melted and that is thrown away.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 scum | det |
| 2 | waste | waste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 scum | compound |
| 3 | scum | scum | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 rises | nsubj |
| 5 | rises | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 scum | acl:relcl |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 melted | advmod |
| 7 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 melted | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 melted | aux:pass |
| 9 | melted | melt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 rises | advcl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 thrown | cc |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 thrown | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 thrown | aux:pass |
| 13 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 melted | conj |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 13 thrown | advmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 scum | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise | present | the waste scum | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | melt | present · passive | metal | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | |||||
| 3 | throw away | present · passive | that | away property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
Thy silver is become dross, thy wine mixed with water. (Prophets ISA.1.22, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Thy silver is become dross, thy wine mixed with water.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 2 silver | nmod:poss |
| 2 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dross | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 dross | cop |
| 4 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 dross | amod |
| 5 | dross | dross | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 wine | punct |
| 7 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 8 wine | nmod:poss |
| 8 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dross | conj |
| 9 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 wine | acl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 water | case |
| 11 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 mixed | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dross | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | participle | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | Thy silver | become dross and thy wine | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | mix | participle | thy wine not said here | with water | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with water=Co-Patient |
Sentence 2: (Prophets ISA.1.22, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
| 2 | Prophets | prophet | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | ISA.1.22 | ISA.1.22 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Prophets | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ISA.1.22 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 ISA.1.22 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Prophets | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2
Burning lips and a wicked heart are like an earthen vessel overlaid with silver dross. (Writings PRO.26.23, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Burning lips and a wicked heart are like an earthen vessel overlaid with silver dross.
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Burning | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 lips | amod |
| 2 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 vessel | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 heart | cc |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 heart | det |
| 5 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 heart | amod |
| 6 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lips | conj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 vessel | cop |
| 8 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 vessel | case |
| 9 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 vessel | det |
| 10 | earthen | earthen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 vessel | amod |
| 11 | vessel | vessel | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | overlaid | overlay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 vessel | acl |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 dross | case |
| 14 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 dross | compound |
| 15 | dross | dross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 overlaid | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 vessel | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | burn | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is | present | Burning lips and a wicked heart | like a earthen vessel | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | overlay | participle | a earthen vessel not said here | with silver dross | tree rules |
Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.26.23, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | PRO.26.23 | PRO.26.23 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 PRO.26.23 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 PRO.26.23 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3
Thou puttest away all the wicked of the earth like dross; therefore I love Thy testimonies. (Writings PSA.119.119, JPS 1917)
Sentence 1: Thou puttest away all the wicked of the earth like dross; therefore I love Thy testimonies.
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 2 puttest | nsubj |
| 2 | puttest | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | away | away | ADV | _ | 2 puttest | advmod |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 wicked | det:predet |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wicked | det |
| 6 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 puttest | xcomp |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 earth | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 earth | det |
| 9 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wicked | obl |
| 10 | like | like | ADP | _ | 11 dross | case |
| 11 | dross | dross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 earth | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 love | punct |
| 13 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 15 love | advmod |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 love | nsubj |
| 15 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 puttest | conj |
| 16 | Thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 testimonies | nmod:poss |
| 17 | testimonies | testimony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 love | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 puttest | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put away | present | Thou | away, wicked property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | love | present | I | Thy testimonies | therefore property | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer testimony=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | testify | Thy | nom testimony «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.119.119, JPS 1917)
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
| 2 | Writings | writing | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | PSA.119.119 | PSA.119.119 | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Writings | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 JPS | punct |
| 5 | JPS | JPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 PSA.119.119 | flat |
| 6 | 1917 | 1917 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 PSA.119.119 | flat |
| 7 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 2 Writings | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/D/dross/