duke Who acts: duke, man, small land, dukes, William, cartoon boxer · What happens: be, have, rule, call, put up, get · To what, where: man, title, small land, history, duchy, fists · Speech: someone speaks here
«duke» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: duke in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A duke is a man of the highest rank of the nobility below a prince, in Britain and some other countries; he has a title such as "the Duke of York".
The tree, 31 words det nsubj cop det case det amod nmod case det nmod case det nmod punct case appos cc det amod conj punct nsubj parataxis det obj amod fixed punct det appos case nmod punct punct root A DET duke NOUN is AUX a DET man NOUN of ADP the DET highest ADJ rank NOUN of ADP the DET nobility NOUN below ADP a DET prince NOUN , PUNCT in ADP Britain PROPN and CCONJ some DET other ADJ countries NOUN ; PUNCT he PRON has VERB a DET title NOUN such ADJ as ADP " PUNCT the DET Duke PROPN of ADP York PROPN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 duke det 2 duke duke NOUN Number=Sing 5 man nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 man cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 man det 5 man man NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 rank case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 rank det 8 highest high ADJ Degree=Sup 9 rank amod 9 rank rank NOUN Number=Sing 5 man nmod 10 of of ADP _ 12 nobility case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 nobility det 12 nobility nobility NOUN Number=Sing 9 rank nmod 13 below below ADP _ 15 prince case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 prince det 15 prince prince NOUN Number=Sing 12 nobility nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 Britain punct 17 in in ADP _ 18 Britain case 18 Britain Britain PROPN Number=Sing 9 rank appos 19 and and CCONJ _ 22 countries cc 20 some some DET PronType=Ind 22 countries det 21 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 22 countries amod 22 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 18 Britain conj 23 ; ; PUNCT _ 25 has punct 24 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 has nsubj 25 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 man parataxis 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 title det 27 title title NOUN Number=Sing 25 has obj 28 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 27 title amod 29 as as ADP _ 28 such fixed 30 " " PUNCT _ 32 Duke punct 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 Duke det 32 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing 27 title appos 33 of of ADP _ 34 York case 34 York York PROPN Number=Sing 32 Duke nmod 35 " " PUNCT _ 32 Duke punct 36 . . PUNCT _ 5 man punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a duke a man of the highest rank of the nobility below a prince tree rules 2 have present man a title vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In history, a duke ruled a small land called a duchy.
case obl punct det nsubj det amod obj acl det obj punct root In ADP history NOUN , PUNCT a DET duke NOUN ruled VERB a DET small ADJ land NOUN called VERB a DET duchy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 history case 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 6 ruled obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 history punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 duke det 5 duke duke NOUN Number=Sing 6 ruled nsubj 6 ruled rule VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 land det 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 land amod 9 land land NOUN Number=Sing 6 ruled obj 10 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 land acl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 duchy det 12 duchy duchy NOUN Number=Sing 10 called obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 ruled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rule past a duke a small land history vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme 2 call participle a small land not said here a duchy vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent duchy=Recipient
Meaning 3 Usage: old slang, «dukes» — kept apart, not parsed.
Your dukes are your fists, as in "put up your dukes" (get ready to fight).
The tree, 15 words nmod:poss nsubj cop nmod:poss punct mark fixed punct parataxis compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct punct parataxis xcomp mark xcomp punct punct root Your PRON dukes NOUN are AUX your PRON fists NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP " PUNCT put VERB up ADP your PRON dukes NOUN " PUNCT ( PUNCT get VERB ready ADJ to PART fight VERB ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 dukes nmod:poss 2 dukes duke NOUN Number=Plur 5 fists nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 fists cop 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 fists nmod:poss 5 fists fist NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 put punct 7 as as SCONJ _ 10 put mark 8 in in ADP _ 7 as fixed 9 " " PUNCT _ 10 put punct 10 put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 fists parataxis 11 up up ADP _ 10 put compound:prt 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 dukes nmod:poss 13 dukes duke NOUN Number=Plur 10 put obj 14 " " PUNCT _ 10 put punct 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 get punct 16 get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 10 put parataxis 17 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 16 get xcomp 18 to to PART _ 19 fight mark 19 fight fight VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 ready xcomp 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 get punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 fists punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Your dukes your fists tree rules 2 put up in a quote infinitive your dukes tree rules 3 get infinitive ready property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 4 fight to-infinitive vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 7, Duke Street, Adelphi, London, W.C, (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)
The tree, 10 words nummod punct compound punct appos punct appos punct conj punct punct conj flat punct appos flat punct root 7 NUM , PUNCT Duke PROPN Street PROPN , PUNCT Adelphi PROPN , PUNCT London PROPN , PUNCT W.C PROPN , PUNCT ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Westcott PROPN 1893 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 Street nummod 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 Street punct 3 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing 4 Street compound 4 Street Street PROPN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 Adelphi punct 6 Adelphi Adelphi PROPN Number=Sing 4 Street appos 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 London punct 8 London London PROPN Number=Sing 6 Adelphi appos 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 W.C punct 10 W.C W.C PROPN Number=Sing 6 Adelphi conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 Sefer punct 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 Sefer punct 13 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 6 Adelphi conj 14 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 13 Sefer flat 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 Westcott punct 16 Westcott Westcott PROPN Number=Sing 6 Adelphi appos 17 1893 1893 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 Westcott flat 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 Westcott punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The Duke of Wellington was a famous general.
det nsubj case nmod cop det amod punct root The DET Duke PROPN of ADP Wellington PROPN was AUX a DET famous ADJ general NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Duke det 2 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing 8 general nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 Wellington case 4 Wellington Wellington PROPN Number=Sing 2 Duke nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 general cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 general det 7 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 general amod 8 general general NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 general punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Duke of Wellington a famous general tree rules
Example 3 The duke lived in a huge castle with a hundred rooms.
det nsubj case det amod obl case det nummod nmod punct root The DET duke NOUN lived VERB in ADP a DET huge ADJ castle NOUN with ADP a DET hundred NUM rooms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 duke det 2 duke duke NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived nsubj 3 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 castle case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 castle det 6 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 7 castle amod 7 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 8 with with ADP _ 11 rooms case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 hundred det 10 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 rooms nummod 11 rooms room NOUN Number=Plur 7 castle nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the duke a huge castle with hundred rooms vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in castle=Location
Example 4 Prince William is also the Duke of Cambridge.
nmod:desc nsubj cop advmod det case nmod punct root Prince PROPN William PROPN is AUX also ADV the DET Duke PROPN of ADP Cambridge PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Prince Prince PROPN Number=Sing 2 William nmod:desc 2 William William PROPN Number=Sing 6 Duke nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 Duke cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 Duke advmod 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Duke det 6 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 Cambridge case 8 Cambridge Cambridge PROPN Number=Sing 6 Duke nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 Duke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present William Prince the Duke of Cambridge tree rules
Example 5 The Duke and Duchess waved from the carriage.
det nsubj cc conj case det obl punct root The DET Duke PROPN and CCONJ Duchess PROPN waved VERB from ADP the DET carriage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Duke det 2 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing 5 waved nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 Duchess cc 4 Duchess Duchess PROPN Number=Sing 2 Duke conj 5 waved wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 from from ADP _ 8 carriage case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 carriage det 8 carriage carriage NOUN Number=Sing 5 waved obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 waved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave past the Duke and Duchess the carriage vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 In the fairy tale, the duke wanted to marry the princess.
case det amod obl punct det nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root In ADP the DET fairy ADJ tale NOUN , PUNCT the DET duke NOUN wanted VERB to PART marry VERB the DET princess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 tale case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 tale det 3 fairy fairy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tale amod 4 tale tale NOUN Number=Sing 8 wanted obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 tale punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 duke det 7 duke duke NOUN Number=Sing 8 wanted nsubj 8 wanted want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 to to PART _ 10 marry mark 10 marry marry VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 wanted xcomp 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 princess det 12 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 10 marry obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 wanted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want past the duke the fairy tale vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 marry not said to happen to-infinitive the duke not said here the princess vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent princess=Patient
Example 7 "Put up your dukes!" shouted the cartoon boxer.
punct ccomp compound:prt nmod:poss obj punct punct det compound obj punct root " PUNCT Put VERB up ADP your PRON dukes NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT shouted VERB the DET cartoon NOUN boxer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Put punct 2 Put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 shouted ccomp 3 up up ADP _ 2 Put compound:prt 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 dukes nmod:poss 5 dukes duke NOUN Number=Plur 2 Put obj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Put punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 2 Put punct 8 shouted shout VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 boxer det 10 cartoon cartoon NOUN Number=Sing 11 boxer compound 11 boxer boxer NOUN Number=Sing 8 shouted obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 shouted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put up in a quote infinitive your dukes vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent duke=Goal 2 shout speech: express past the cartoon boxer vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 8 The duke's land was called a duchy.
det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass det xcomp punct root The DET duke NOUN 's PART land NOUN was AUX called VERB a DET duchy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 duke det 2 duke duke NOUN Number=Sing 4 land nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 duke case 4 land land NOUN Number=Sing 6 called nsubj:pass 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 called aux:pass 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 duchy det 8 duchy duchy NOUN Number=Sing 6 called xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past · passive the duke's land vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 9 ‘Choose, then,’ said the Duke, ‘whichever you prefer.’
The tree, 8 words punct ccomp punct advmod punct punct det nsubj punct punct appos nsubj acl:relcl punct punct root ‘ PUNCT Choose VERB , PUNCT then ADV , PUNCT ’ PUNCT said VERB the DET Duke PROPN , PUNCT ‘ PUNCT whichever NOUN you PRON prefer VERB . PUNCT ’ PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 2 Choose punct 2 Choose choose VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 said ccomp 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Choose punct 4 then then ADV PronType=Dem 2 Choose advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 Choose punct 6 ’ ' PUNCT _ 2 Choose punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Duke det 9 Duke Duke PROPN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 whichever punct 11 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 12 whichever punct 12 whichever whichever NOUN Number=Sing 9 Duke appos 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 prefer nsubj 14 prefer prefer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 whichever acl:relcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 said punct 16 ’ ' PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 choose infinitive then vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 say speech: assert past the Duke vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 prefer present you whichever not said here vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whichever=Stimulus
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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