hitherto

Who acts: thou, LORD, people, Notes, attempt, they · What happens: mean, talk about, say, have, send, let · To what, where: time, me, wilderness, thou, Notes, it · Speech: someone speaks here

«hitherto» in the Judaism dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: hitherto in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

Hitherto means until now or until the time being talked about; up to this point.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	2 means	advmod
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 talked	mark
4	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 talked	advmod
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 talked	cc
6	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 talked	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 time	det
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 talked	nsubj:pass
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 talked	aux:pass
10	talked	talk	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 means	ccomp
11	about	about	ADP	_	10 talked	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 point	punct
13	up	up	ADP	_	16 point	case
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 point	case
15	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 point	det
16	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present						hitherto property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	talk about	gerund · passive		the time			now		vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

And thou shalt say unto him: The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, hath sent me unto thee, saying: Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the wilderness; and, behold, hitherto thou hast not hearkened; (Torah EXO.7.16, JPS 1917)

The tree, 42 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 say	cc
2	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 say	nsubj
3	shalt	shall	AUX	Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	unto	unto	ADP	_	6 him	case
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 say	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 LORD	punct
8	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 LORD	det
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 sent	nsubj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 God	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 God	det
12	God	God	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 LORD	appos
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 Hebrews	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Hebrews	det
15	Hebrews	Hebrew	PROPN	Number=Plur	12 God	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 hath	punct
17	hath	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 LORD	parataxis
18	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 say	parataxis
19	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 sent	obj
20	unto	unto	ADP	_	21 thee	case
21	thee	thou	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	18 sent	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 saying	punct
23	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 say	conj
24	:	:	PUNCT	_	25 Let	punct
25	Let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 saying	ccomp
26	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 people	nmod:poss
27	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 go	nsubj
28	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 Let	ccomp
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 serve	punct
30	that	that	SCONJ	_	33 serve	mark
31	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 serve	nsubj
32	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 serve	aux
33	serve	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	25 Let	advcl
34	Me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	33 serve	obj
35	in	in	ADP	_	37 wilderness	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 wilderness	det
37	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 serve	obl
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	41 behold	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 behold	cc
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 and	punct
41	behold	behold	INTJ	_	4 say	discourse
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 hearkened	punct
43	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	47 hearkened	advmod
44	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	47 hearkened	nsubj:pass
45	hast	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	47 hearkened	aux
46	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	47 hearkened	advmod
47	hearkened	hearken	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 say	advcl
48	;	;	PUNCT	_	51 EXO.7.16	punct
49	(	(	PUNCT	_	51 EXO.7.16	punct
50	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	51 EXO.7.16	compound
51	EXO.7.16	EXO.7.16	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 say	parataxis
52	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 JPS	punct
53	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	51 EXO.7.16	conj
54	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	51 EXO.7.16	flat
55	)	)	PUNCT	_	51 EXO.7.16	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	shall	thou			unto him = he	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	have	present					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	send	past	the LORD	me		unto thee	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
4	say speech: assert	gerund	thou not said here				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	let	infinitive					tree rules
6	go	present	My people				vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	serve	may	people	Me	the wilderness		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent i=Value in wilderness=Location
8	not hearken	present · perfect · passive		thou		hitherto property	tree rules

Example 2

The Notes have been extended, and it is hoped that they explain and illustrate difficult passages, and render this abstruse treatise more comprehensible than it has been hitherto found. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

Sentence 1: The Notes have been extended, and it is hoped that they explain and illustrate difficult passages, and render this abstruse treatise more comprehensible than it has been hitherto found.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Notes	det
2	Notes	note	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 extended	nsubj:pass
3	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 extended	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 extended	aux:pass
5	extended	extend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hoped	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 hoped	cc
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hoped	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hoped	aux:pass
10	hoped	hope	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 extended	conj
11	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 explain	mark
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 explain	nsubj
13	explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hoped	advcl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 illustrate	cc
15	illustrate	illustrate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 explain	conj
16	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 passages	amod
17	passages	passage	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 illustrate	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 render	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 render	cc
20	render	render	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 extended	parataxis
21	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	23 treatise	det
22	abstruse	abstruse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 treatise	amod
23	treatise	treatise	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 render	obj
24	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	25 comprehensible	advmod
25	comprehensible	comprehensible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 render	conj
26	than	than	SCONJ	_	31 found	mark
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 found	nsubj:pass
28	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 found	aux
29	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	31 found	aux:pass
30	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	31 found	advmod
31	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 comprehensible	advcl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 extended	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	extend	present · perfect · passive		the Notes		vn body_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
2	hope	present · passive		it		tree rules
3	explain speech: assert	present	Notes = note			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	illustrate	present	Notes = note not said here	difficult passages		vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passage=Destination
5	render	infinitive		this abstruse treatise		vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treatise=Theme
6	find	present · perfect · passive		treatise	hitherto property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1893)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1893	1893	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

But every attempt to unfold this mystery has hitherto been unsuccessful". (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

Sentence 1: But every attempt to unfold this mystery has hitherto been unsuccessful".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	11 unsuccessful	cc
2	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	3 attempt	det
3	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 unsuccessful	nsubj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 unfold	mark
5	unfold	unfold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 attempt	acl
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 mystery	det
7	mystery	mystery	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 unfold	obj
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 unsuccessful	aux
9	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	11 unsuccessful	advmod
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 unsuccessful	cop
11	unsuccessful	unsuccessful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 unsuccessful	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 unsuccessful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	unfold	to-infinitive	every attempt not said here	this mystery					vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mystery=Patient
2	is	present · perfect	every attempt					hitherto, unsuccessful property	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct
2	Mordell	Mordell	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Origin	punct
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Origin	det
5	Origin	Origin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	appos
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Letters	case
7	Letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 Origin	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Numerals	cc
9	Numerals	numeral	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Letters	conj
10	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 Sefer	case
11	to	to	ADP	_	10 according	fixed
12	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Mordell	nmod
13	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sefer	flat
14	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 1914	punct
15	1914	1914	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Mordell	list
16	))	))	PUNCT	_	2 Mordell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Example 4

who hitherto waited in the king's gate eastward; they were the porters for the camp of the children of Levi. (Writings 1CH.9.18, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: who hitherto waited in the king's gate eastward; they were the porters for the camp of the children of Levi.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 waited	nsubj
2	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	3 waited	advmod
3	waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	9 eastward	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 king	det
6	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 eastward	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 king	case
8	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 eastward	compound
9	eastward	eastward	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 waited	obl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 porters	punct
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 porters	nsubj
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 porters	cop
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 porters	det
14	porters	porter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 waited	conj
15	for	for	ADP	_	17 camp	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 camp	det
17	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 porters	nmod
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 children	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 children	det
20	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 camp	nmod
21	of	of	ADP	_	22 Levi	case
22	Levi	Levi	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 children	nmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 waited	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	past				the king's gate eastward		hitherto property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eastward=Location
2	is a	past	they	the porters				for the camp of the children of Levi	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Writings 1CH.9.18, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	1CH.9.18	1CH.9.18	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Writings	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 1CH.9.18	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Count not thy handmaid for a wicked woman: for out of the abundance of my complaint and my vexation have I spoken hitherto.' (Prophets 1SA.1.16, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Count not thy handmaid for a wicked woman: for out of the abundance of my complaint and my vexation have I spoken hitherto.'

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Count	count	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	1 Count	advmod
3	thy	thy	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch	4 handmaid	nmod:poss
4	handmaid	handmaid	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Count	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 woman	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 woman	det
7	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 woman	amod
8	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Count	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 abundance	punct
10	for	for	ADP	_	14 abundance	case
11	out	out	ADP	_	14 abundance	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 abundance	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 abundance	det
14	abundance	abundance	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 spoken	nsubj:pass
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 complaint	case
16	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 complaint	nmod:poss
17	complaint	complaint	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 abundance	nmod
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 vexation	cc
19	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 vexation	nmod:poss
20	vexation	vexation	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 abundance	conj
21	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 spoken	aux
22	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 spoken	nsubj
23	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Count	parataxis
24	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	23 spoken	advmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Count	punct
26	'	'	PUNCT	_	1 Count	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not count	imperative	you not said here	thy handmaid	for a wicked woman	vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handmaid=Theme
2	speak speech: other	present · perfect · passive		the abundance of my complaint and my vexation	hitherto property	tree rules
3	complain		my			nom complaint «state intransitive»: poss=agent
4	vex		my			nom vexation «feeling transitive»: poss=agent

Sentence 2: (Prophets 1SA.1.16, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	1SA.1.16	1SA.1.16	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Prophets	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 1SA.1.16	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

Then Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mizpah and Shen, and called the name of it Eben-ezer, saying: 'Hitherto hath the LORD helped us.' (Prophets 1SA.7.12, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: Then Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mizpah and Shen, and called the name of it Eben-ezer, saying: 'Hitherto hath the LORD helped us.'

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 took	advmod
2	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 took	nsubj
3	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 stone	det
5	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 took	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 set	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 set	cc
8	set	set	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 took	conj
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 set	obj
10	between	between	ADP	_	11 Mizpah	case
11	Mizpah	Mizpah	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 set	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 Shen	cc
13	Shen	Shen	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Mizpah	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 called	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 called	cc
16	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 took	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 name	det
18	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 called	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 it	case
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 ezer	nmod
21	Eben	Eben	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 ezer	compound
22	-	-	PUNCT	_	21 Eben	punct
23	ezer	ezer	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 name	appos
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 saying	punct
25	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 called	advcl
26	:	:	PUNCT	_	29 hath	punct
27	'	'	PUNCT	_	29 hath	punct
28	Hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	29 hath	advmod
29	hath	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 took	parataxis
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 LORD	det
31	LORD	LORD	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 helped	nsubj
32	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 hath	ccomp
33	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 helped	obj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	29 hath	punct
35	'	'	PUNCT	_	29 hath	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	Samuel	a stone		then		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme
2	set	infinitive	Samuel not said here	stone			between Mizpah and Shen	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme between mizpah=Destination
3	call	past	Samuel not said here	the name				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient
4	say speech: assert	gerund	Samuel not said here					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	have	present					hitherto property	tree rules
6	help	past	the LORD		us			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary

Sentence 2: (Prophets 1SA.7.12, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct
2	Prophets	prophet	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	1SA.7.12	1SA.7.12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Prophets	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 1917	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 1917	nmod:unmarked
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 1SA.7.12	conj
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Prophets	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 7

The scientists found a hitherto unknown kind of beetle.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scientists	det
2	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 found	nsubj
3	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 kind	det
5	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	6 unknown	advmod
6	unknown	unknown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kind	amod
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 found	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 beetle	case
9	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past	the scientists	a unknown kind of beetle					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Topic

Example 8

Hitherto, the village had never had a flood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	7 had	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Hitherto	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 village	det
4	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 had	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 had	aux
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	7 had	advmod
7	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 flood	det
9	flood	flood	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 had	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	past · perfect	the village	a flood				hitherto property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flood=Patient

Example 9

The letter showed a hitherto hidden side of the king.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 letter	det
2	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 side	det
5	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	6 hidden	advmod
6	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 side	amod
7	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 king	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 king	det
10	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 side	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the letter	a hidden side of the king					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent side=Recipient

Example 10

Hitherto, all the tests had come back clear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	7 come	advmod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Hitherto	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 tests	det:predet
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 tests	det
5	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 come	nsubj
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 come	aux
7	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	back	back	ADV	_	7 come	advmod
9	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 come	xcomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come back	past · perfect	all tests					clear, hitherto property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 11

The explorers reached a hitherto unseen valley.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 explorers	det
2	explorers	explorer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 reached	nsubj
3	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 valley	det
5	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	6 unseen	advmod
6	unseen	unseen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 valley	amod
7	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reached	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reached	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	past	the explorers	a unseen valley					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent valley=Theme

Example 12

The museum displays paintings hitherto kept in storage.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 museum	det
2	museum	museum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 displays	nsubj
3	displays	display	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	paintings	painting	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 displays	obj
5	hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	6 kept	advmod
6	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 displays	advcl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 storage	case
8	storage	storage	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 displays	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	display	present	the museum	paintings					vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent painting=Theme
2	keep	participle	the museum not said here			storage		hitherto property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in storage=Location

Example 13

Hitherto he had been a land crab; the land at last cast him adrift.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hitherto	hitherto	ADV	_	7 crab	advmod
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 crab	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 crab	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 crab	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 crab	det
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crab	compound
7	crab	crab	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 cast	nsubj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 land	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 land	det
10	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crab	appos
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 last	case
12	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 land	nmod
13	cast	cast	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 cast	obj
15	adrift	adrift	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cast	xcomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 cast	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past · perfect	he	a land crab				hitherto property	tree rules
2	cast	past	a land crab	him = he				adrift property	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Product

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/H/hitherto/