improvement Who acts: act, change, amount, 10 marks, Israel Davidson, handwriting · What happens: get, make, become, improve, suggest, accord · To what, where: something, improvement, few improvements, big improvement, 60, home improvements
«improvement» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: improvement in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 The act of getting better or making something better.
det mark acl xcomp cc conj obj amod punct root The DET act NOUN of SCONJ getting VERB better ADJ or CCONJ making VERB something PRON better ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 act det 2 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 getting mark 4 getting get VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 act acl 5 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 getting xcomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 making cc 7 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 getting conj 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 making obj 9 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 something amod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get gerund the act not said here good property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 make gerund the act not said here something vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A change or addition that makes something better (home improvements).
det nsubj cc conj nsubj obj xcomp punct compound appos punct punct root A DET change NOUN or CCONJ addition NOUN that PRON makes VERB something PRON better ADJ ( PUNCT home NOUN improvements NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 change det 2 change change NOUN Number=Sing 6 makes nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 addition cc 4 addition addition NOUN Number=Sing 2 change conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 makes nsubj 6 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 makes obj 8 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 makes xcomp 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 improvements punct 10 home home NOUN Number=Sing 11 improvements compound 11 improvements improvement NOUN Number=Plur 8 better appos 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 improvements punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a change or addition something good property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product
Meaning 3 The amount by which something has become better (an improvement of 10 marks).
The tree, 13 words det nsubj case obl nsubj aux advmod punct det xcomp case nummod nmod punct punct root The DET amount NOUN by ADP which PRON something PRON has AUX become VERB better ADV ( PUNCT an DET improvement NOUN of ADP 10 NUM marks NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 amount det 2 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 7 become nsubj 3 by by ADP _ 4 which case 4 which which PRON PronType=Rel 7 become obl 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 become nsubj 6 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 become aux 7 become become VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 8 better well ADV Degree=Cmp 7 become advmod 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 improvement punct 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 improvement det 11 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing 7 become xcomp 12 of of ADP _ 14 marks case 13 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 marks nummod 14 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 11 improvement nmod 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 improvement punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 become punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become present · perfect the amount a improvement of 10 marks well property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 improve 10 marks nom improvement «event intransitive»: of=agent
Example 1 Israel Davidson for suggesting a few improvements. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: Israel Davidson for suggesting a few improvements.
compound mark acl det amod obj punct root Israel PROPN Davidson PROPN for SCONJ suggesting VERB a DET few ADJ improvements NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Israel Israel PROPN Number=Sing 2 Davidson compound 2 Davidson Davidson PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 for for SCONJ _ 4 suggesting mark 4 suggesting suggest VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 Davidson acl 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 improvements det 6 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 7 improvements amod 7 improvements improvement NOUN Number=Plur 4 suggesting obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 Davidson punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suggest speech: suggest gerund Israel Davidson not said here a few improvements vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent improvement=Topic
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Your handwriting shows a big improvement.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj punct root Your PRON handwriting NOUN shows VERB a DET big ADJ improvement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 handwriting nmod:poss 2 handwriting handwriting NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows nsubj 3 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 improvement det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 improvement amod 6 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing 3 shows obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present Your handwriting a big improvement vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent improvement=Recipient 2 handwrite Your nom handwriting «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Her test score went from 60 to 75, an improvement of 15 marks.
The tree, 13 words nmod:poss compound nsubj case obl case nmod punct det obl case nummod nmod punct root Her PRON test NOUN score NOUN went VERB from ADP 60 NUM to ADP 75 NUM , PUNCT an DET improvement NOUN of ADP 15 NUM marks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 score nmod:poss 2 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 score compound 3 score score NOUN Number=Sing 4 went nsubj 4 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 from from ADP _ 6 60 case 6 60 60 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 went obl 7 to to ADP _ 8 75 case 8 75 75 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 60 nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 improvement punct 10 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 improvement det 11 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing 4 went obl 12 of of ADP _ 14 marks case 13 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 marks nummod 14 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 11 improvement nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past Her test score a improvement of 15 marks 60 to 75 vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from 60=Initial_Location 2 score Her = she nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent 3 improve 15 marks nom improvement «event intransitive»: of=agent
Example 4 There is still room for improvement.
expl advmod nsubj case nmod punct root There PRON is VERB still ADV room NOUN for ADP improvement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 is expl 2 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 still still ADV _ 2 is advmod 4 room room NOUN Number=Sing 2 is nsubj 5 for for ADP _ 6 improvement case 6 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing 4 room nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present room for improvement there still vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The new park is an improvement on the old one.
det amod nsubj cop det case det amod nmod punct root The DET new ADJ park NOUN is AUX an DET improvement NOUN on ADP the DET old ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 park det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 park amod 3 park park NOUN Number=Sing 6 improvement nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 improvement cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 improvement det 6 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 on on ADP _ 10 one case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 one det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 one amod 10 one one NOUN Number=Sing 6 improvement nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 improvement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the new park a improvement on the old one tree rules
Example 6 Dad is doing some home improvements.
nsubj aux det compound obj punct root Dad NOUN is AUX doing VERB some DET home NOUN improvements NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 doing nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 doing aux 3 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 some some DET PronType=Ind 6 improvements det 5 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 improvements compound 6 improvements improvement NOUN Number=Plur 3 doing obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 doing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present · progressive Dad some home improvements vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent improvement=Eventuality
Example 7 The doctor saw an improvement in Grandpa's health.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss case nmod punct root The DET doctor NOUN saw VERB an DET improvement NOUN in ADP Grandpa PROPN 's PART health NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 improvement det 5 improvement improvement NOUN Number=Sing 3 saw obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 health case 7 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 9 health nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 Grandpa case 9 health health NOUN Number=Sing 5 improvement nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past the doctor a improvement Grandpa's health vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer improvement=Stimulus
Example 8 You have many ships built by learned men, with all sorts of new and clever improvements.
The tree, 16 words nsubj amod obj acl case amod obl punct case det conj case amod cc conj nmod punct root You PRON have VERB many ADJ ships NOUN built VERB by ADP learned VERB men NOUN , PUNCT with ADP all DET sorts NOUN of ADP new ADJ and CCONJ clever ADJ improvements NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 4 ships amod 4 ships ship NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 5 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 ships acl 6 by by ADP _ 8 men case 7 learned learn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 men amod 8 men man NOUN Number=Plur 5 built obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 sorts punct 10 with with ADP _ 12 sorts case 11 all all DET PronType=Tot 12 sorts det 12 sorts sort NOUN Number=Plur 8 men conj 13 of of ADP _ 17 improvements case 14 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 17 improvements amod 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 clever cc 16 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 14 new conj 17 improvements improvement NOUN Number=Plur 12 sorts nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present You many ships vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Patient 2 build participle many ships not said here by learned men and all sorts of new improvements vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 3 learn participle vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 sort new improvements nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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