lifeless Who acts: Lifeless, it, Hebrew Bible, Genesis, bird, Mars · What happens: mean, not have, capture, תֹהוּ, translate, lie · To what, where: life, dull energy, Most, English, וָבֹהוּ, grass
«lifeless» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lifeless in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Lifeless means dead, or never having had life.
nsubj xcomp punct cc advmod aux parataxis obj punct root Lifeless ADJ means VERB dead ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ never ADV having AUX had VERB life NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 had punct 5 or or CCONJ _ 8 had cc 6 never never ADV PronType=Neg 8 had advmod 7 having have AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 had aux 8 had have VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 means parataxis 9 life life NOUN Number=Sing 8 had obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Lifeless dead property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 not have gerund · perfect life vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lifeless means with no living things, like a lifeless planet.
nsubj case det amod obl punct case det amod nmod punct root Lifeless ADJ means VERB with ADP no DET living ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET lifeless ADJ planet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 6 things case 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 things det 5 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 6 things amod 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 2 means obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 planet punct 8 like like ADP _ 11 planet case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 planet det 10 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 11 planet amod 11 planet planet NOUN Number=Sing 6 things nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Lifeless with no living things like a lifeless planet vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Lifeless can mean dull, without energy or excitement.
nsubj aux amod punct case obj cc conj punct root Lifeless NOUN can AUX mean VERB dull ADJ , PUNCT without ADP energy NOUN or CCONJ excitement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lifeless lifeless NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 dull dull ADJ Degree=Pos 7 energy amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 energy punct 6 without without ADP _ 7 energy case 7 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 excitement cc 9 excitement excitement NOUN Number=Sing 7 energy conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Lifeless dull energy or excitement vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Topic
Example 1 Most literally, it means ‘waste(land)’, the lifeless open desert, a translation of [Genesis 1:2] so far captured in English only by Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible (2019), who poetically renders תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ tohu vavohu as “waste and welter”; cf. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
Sentence 1: Most literally, it means ‘waste(land)’, the lifeless open desert, a translation of [Genesis 1:2] so far captured in English only by Robert Alter’s The Hebrew Bible (2019), who poetically renders תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ tohu vavohu as “waste and welter”; cf.
The tree, 41 words obl advmod punct nsubj punct obj punct appos punct punct punct det amod amod appos punct det conj case punct nmod flat punct advmod advmod parataxis case obl advmod case obl:agent flat acl:relcl det compound obj punct appos punct punct nsubj advmod nsubj conj obj flat:foreign flat:foreign case punct obl cc conj punct punct parataxis punct root Most ADJ literally ADV , PUNCT it PRON means VERB ‘ PUNCT waste NOUN ( PUNCT land NOUN ) PUNCT ’ PUNCT , PUNCT the DET lifeless ADJ open ADJ desert NOUN , PUNCT a DET translation NOUN of ADP [ PUNCT Genesis PROPN 1:2 NUM ] PUNCT so ADV far ADV captured VERB in ADP English PROPN only ADV by ADP Robert PROPN Alter PROPN ’s AUX The DET Hebrew PROPN Bible PROPN ( PUNCT 2019 NUM ) PUNCT , PUNCT who PRON poetically ADV renders NOUN תֹהוּ VERB וָבֹהוּ X tohu X vavohu X as ADP “ PUNCT waste NOUN and CCONJ welter NOUN ” PUNCT ; PUNCT cf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 5 means obl 2 literally literally ADV _ 1 Most advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 1 Most punct 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 means nsubj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 7 waste punct 7 waste waste NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 8 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 land punct 9 land land NOUN Number=Sing 7 waste appos 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 land punct 11 ’ ' PUNCT _ 7 waste punct 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 desert punct 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 desert det 14 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 16 desert amod 15 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 16 desert amod 16 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 7 waste appos 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 translation punct 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 translation det 19 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 16 desert conj 20 of of ADP _ 22 Genesis case 21 [ [ PUNCT _ 22 Genesis punct 22 Genesis Genesis PROPN Number=Sing 19 translation nmod 23 1:2 1:2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 22 Genesis flat 24 ] ] PUNCT _ 16 desert punct 25 so so ADV _ 27 captured advmod 26 far far ADV Degree=Pos 27 captured advmod 27 captured capture VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 means parataxis 28 in in ADP _ 29 English case 29 English English PROPN Number=Sing 27 captured obl 30 only only ADV _ 32 Robert advmod 31 by by ADP _ 32 Robert case 32 Robert Robert PROPN Number=Sing 27 captured obl:agent 33 Alter Alter PROPN Number=Sing 32 Robert flat 34 ’s be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 32 Robert acl:relcl 35 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 37 Bible det 36 Hebrew Hebrew PROPN Number=Sing 37 Bible compound 37 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 34 ’s obj 38 ( ( PUNCT _ 39 2019 punct 39 2019 2019 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 37 Bible appos 40 ) ) PUNCT _ 39 2019 punct 41 , , PUNCT _ 45 תֹהוּ punct 42 who who PRON PronType=Rel 45 תֹהוּ nsubj 43 poetically poetically ADV _ 45 תֹהוּ advmod 44 renders render NOUN Number=Plur 45 תֹהוּ nsubj 45 תֹהוּ תֹהוּ VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 37 Bible conj 46 וָבֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ X Foreign=Yes 45 תֹהוּ obj 47 tohu tohu X Foreign=Yes 46 וָבֹהוּ flat:foreign 48 vavohu vavohu X Foreign=Yes 46 וָבֹהוּ flat:foreign 49 as as ADP _ 51 waste case 50 “ " PUNCT _ 51 waste punct 51 waste waste NOUN Number=Sing 45 תֹהוּ obl 52 and and CCONJ _ 53 welter cc 53 welter welter NOUN Number=Sing 51 waste conj 54 ” " PUNCT _ 45 תֹהוּ punct 55 ; ; PUNCT _ 56 cf punct 56 cf cf NOUN Number=Sing 5 means parataxis 57 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present it Most vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Topic 2 capture participle English far property vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 תֹהוּ present the Hebrew Bible וָבֹהוּ as waste and welter; poetically property tree rules 4 translate Genesis nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation)
punct flat punct compound compound appos punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Sefaria PROPN community NOUN translation NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 7 translation punct 5 Sefaria Sefaria PROPN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 6 community community NOUN Number=Sing 7 translation compound 7 translation translation NOUN Number=Sing 2 Sefer appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The bird lay lifeless on the grass.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET bird NOUN lay VERB lifeless ADV on ADP the DET grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lifeless lifeless ADV Degree=Cmp 3 lay advmod 5 on on ADP _ 7 grass case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 grass det 7 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past the bird the grass lifeless property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on grass=Location
Example 3 Mars seems to be a lifeless planet.
nsubj mark cop det amod xcomp punct root Mars PROPN seems VERB to PART be AUX a DET lifeless ADJ planet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mars Mars PROPN Number=Sing 2 seems nsubj 2 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 7 planet mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 planet cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 planet det 6 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 7 planet amod 7 planet planet NOUN Number=Sing 2 seems xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 seems punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 seem present Mars vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme 2 is a to-infinitive Mars not said here a lifeless planet tree rules
Example 4 The desert looked lifeless, but many animals hid under the sand.
det nsubj xcomp punct cc amod nsubj conj case det obl punct root The DET desert NOUN looked VERB lifeless ADJ , PUNCT but CCONJ many ADJ animals NOUN hid VERB under ADP the DET sand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 desert det 2 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 3 looked nsubj 3 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 3 looked xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 hid punct 6 but but CCONJ _ 9 hid cc 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 animals amod 8 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 9 hid nsubj 9 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 looked conj 10 under under ADP _ 12 sand case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 sand det 12 sand sand NOUN Number=Sing 9 hid obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past the desert lifeless property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 2 hide past many animals the sand vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under sand=Location
Example 5 Her voice was flat and lifeless.
nmod:poss nsubj cop cc conj punct root Her PRON voice NOUN was AUX flat ADJ and CCONJ lifeless ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 voice nmod:poss 2 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 4 flat nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 flat cop 4 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 lifeless cc 6 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 4 flat conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 flat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Her voice flat property tree rules 2 be Her voice not said here tree rules
Example 6 The doll's lifeless eyes stared at me.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj case obl punct root The DET doll NOUN 's PART lifeless ADJ eyes NOUN stared VERB at ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doll det 2 doll doll NOUN Number=Sing 5 eyes nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 doll case 4 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 5 eyes amod 5 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 stared nsubj 6 stared stare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 at at ADP _ 8 me case 8 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 stared obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 stared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stare past the doll's lifeless eyes at me vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at i=Theme
Example 7 Add more detail so your story isn't lifeless.
amod obj mark nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod advcl punct root Add VERB more ADJ detail NOUN so SCONJ your PRON story NOUN is AUX n't PART lifeless ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 detail amod 3 detail detail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 4 so so SCONJ _ 9 lifeless mark 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 story nmod:poss 6 story story NOUN Number=Sing 9 lifeless nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 lifeless cop 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 lifeless advmod 9 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Add advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here more detail vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent detail=Patient 2 not is present your story lifeless property tree rules
Example 8 He sat lifeless on the steps.
nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root He PRON sat VERB lifeless ADJ on ADP the DET steps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 sat nsubj 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 lifeless lifeless ADJ Degree=Pos 2 sat xcomp 4 on on ADP _ 6 steps case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 steps det 6 steps step NOUN Number=Plur 2 sat obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past He on the steps; lifeless property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on step=Location
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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