pretend Who acts: something, 's, we, I, you, wolf · What happens: act, be, trick, play, believe, let · To what, where: someone, make, game, 's, pirates, difficult question · Speech: someone speaks here
«pretend» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pretend in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 To act as if something is true when it is not, for fun or to trick someone.
The tree, 17 words mark mark mark nsubj cop advcl mark nsubj cop advcl punct case obl cc mark conj obj punct root To PART act VERB as SCONJ if SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ when SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART , PUNCT for ADP fun NOUN or CCONJ to PART trick VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 act mark 2 act act VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 as as SCONJ _ 7 true mark 4 if if SCONJ _ 7 true mark 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 true nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 true cop 7 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 2 act advcl 8 when when SCONJ _ 11 not mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 not nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 not cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 true advcl 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 fun punct 13 for for ADP _ 14 fun case 14 fun fun NOUN Number=Sing 2 act obl 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 trick cc 16 to to PART _ 17 trick mark 17 trick trick VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 act conj 18 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 17 trick obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 act to-infinitive for fun vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present something true property tree rules 3 trick to-infinitive someone vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To play a make-believe game: «Let's pretend we're pirates».
The tree, 12 words mark det obj punct parataxis obj punct punct conj obj xcomp nsubj cop xcomp punct punct root To PART play VERB a DET make NOUN - PUNCT believe VERB game NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Let VERB 's PRON pretend VERB we PRON 're AUX pirates NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 play mark 2 play play VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 make det 4 make make NOUN Number=Sing 2 play obj 5 - - PUNCT _ 6 believe punct 6 believe believe VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 make parataxis 7 game game NOUN Number=Sing 6 believe obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 Let punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 Let punct 10 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 believe conj 11 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 Let obj 12 pretend pretend VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 Let xcomp 13 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 15 pirates nsubj 14 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 pirates cop 15 pirates pirate NOUN Number=Plur 12 pretend xcomp 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 pirates punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play to-infinitive a make vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent make=Theme 2 believe infinitive game vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer game=Stimulus 3 let in a quote infinitive 's tree rules 4 pretend in a quote infinitive 's not said here tree rules 5 is a in a quote present we pirates tree rules
Meaning 3 Adjective (informal): not real, make-believe: a pretend shop.
The tree, 9 words punct appos punct punct advmod parataxis punct parataxis punct xcomp punct det amod ccomp punct root Adjective NOUN ( PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT : PUNCT not PART real ADJ , PUNCT make VERB - PUNCT believe VERB : PUNCT a DET pretend ADJ shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 3 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Adjective appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 informal punct 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 real punct 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 real advmod 7 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Adjective parataxis 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 make punct 9 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 real parataxis 10 - - PUNCT _ 11 believe punct 11 believe believe VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make xcomp 12 : : PUNCT _ 15 shop punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 shop det 14 pretend pretend ADJ Degree=Pos 15 shop amod 15 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 11 believe ccomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Adjective punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make infinitive tree rules 2 believe infinitive vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 I do not pretend to be able to solve this difficult question. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: I do not pretend to be able to solve this difficult question.
nsubj aux advmod mark cop xcomp mark xcomp det amod obj punct root I PRON do AUX not PART pretend VERB to PART be AUX able ADJ to PART solve VERB this DET difficult ADJ question NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 pretend nsubj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 pretend aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 pretend advmod 4 pretend pretend VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 7 able mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 able cop 7 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pretend xcomp 8 to to PART _ 9 solve mark 9 solve solve VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 able xcomp 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 12 question det 11 difficult difficult ADJ Degree=Pos 12 question amod 12 question question NOUN Number=Sing 9 solve obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 pretend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pretend present · do-support I tree rules 2 is to-infinitive I not said here able property tree rules 3 solve to-infinitive I not said here this difficult question vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Topic
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Let's pretend we're astronauts.
obj xcomp nsubj cop xcomp punct root Let VERB 's PRON pretend VERB we PRON 're AUX astronauts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 's we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 1 Let obj 3 pretend pretend VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Let xcomp 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 astronauts nsubj 5 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 astronauts cop 6 astronauts astronaut NOUN Number=Plur 3 pretend xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let imperative you not said here 's tree rules 2 pretend infinitive 's not said here tree rules 3 is a present we astronauts tree rules
Example 3 The wolf pretended to be Grandma.
det nsubj mark cop obl punct root The DET wolf NOUN pretended VERB to PART be AUX Grandma PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wolf det 2 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 3 pretended nsubj 3 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 6 Grandma mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 Grandma cop 6 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 3 pretended obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past the wolf tree rules 2 is a to-infinitive Grandma tree rules
Example 4 He pretended to be asleep.
nsubj mark cop xcomp punct root He PRON pretended VERB to PART be AUX asleep ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 pretended nsubj 2 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 5 asleep mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 asleep cop 5 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 2 pretended xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past He tree rules 2 is to-infinitive He not said here asleep property tree rules
Example 5 We played with pretend money in our shop.
nsubj case amod obl case nmod:poss obl punct root We PRON played VERB with ADP pretend ADJ money NOUN in ADP our PRON shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 played nsubj 2 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 money case 4 pretend pretend ADJ Degree=Pos 5 money amod 5 money money NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 shop case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 shop nmod:poss 8 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 2 played obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past We our shop with pretend money vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with money=Theme
Example 6 Don't pretend you didn't see it.
aux advmod nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj punct root Do AUX n't PART pretend VERB you PRON did AUX n't PART see VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 pretend aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 pretend advmod 3 pretend pretend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 see nsubj 5 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 see aux 6 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 7 see advmod 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 pretend ccomp 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 see obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pretend imperative · do-support you not said here tree rules 2 not see past · do-support you it vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Example 7 Someone online might pretend to be a child — be careful.
nsubj advmod aux mark cop det xcomp punct cop conj punct root Someone PRON online ADV might AUX pretend VERB to PART be AUX a DET child NOUN — PUNCT be AUX careful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 pretend nsubj 2 online online ADV _ 1 Someone advmod 3 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 pretend aux 4 pretend pretend VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 8 child mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 child cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 child det 8 child child NOUN Number=Sing 4 pretend xcomp 9 — - PUNCT _ 11 careful punct 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 careful cop 11 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pretend conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 pretend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend might Someone tree rules 2 is a to-infinitive Someone not said here a child tree rules 3 is infinitive Someone not said here careful property tree rules
Example 8 She pretended not to hear.
nsubj advmod mark xcomp punct root She PRON pretended VERB not PART to PART hear VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 pretended nsubj 2 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 hear advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 hear mark 5 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 pretended xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past She tree rules 2 not hear to-infinitive She not said here vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
Example 9 Possums pretend to be dead when they're scared.
nsubj mark cop xcomp mark nsubj cop advcl punct root Possums NOUN pretend VERB to PART be AUX dead ADJ when SCONJ they PRON 're AUX scared ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Possums possum NOUN Number=Plur 2 pretend nsubj 2 pretend pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 5 dead mark 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 dead cop 5 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 2 pretend xcomp 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 scared mark 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 scared nsubj 8 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 scared cop 9 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos 5 dead advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 pretend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend present Possums tree rules 2 is to-infinitive Possums not said here dead property tree rules 3 is present Possums = possum scared property tree rules
Example 10 Then she pretended to be asleep again.
advmod nsubj mark cop xcomp advmod punct root Then ADV she PRON pretended VERB to PART be AUX asleep ADJ again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 pretended advmod 2 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 pretended nsubj 3 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 6 asleep mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 asleep cop 6 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pretended xcomp 7 again again ADV _ 3 pretended advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past she then; again tree rules 2 is to-infinitive she not said here asleep property tree rules
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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