ptolemy

Who acts: Ptolemy, Greek scientist, Egypt, Earth, arrangement, interpolation · What happens: be, live, write, make, think, go · To what, where: Greek scientist, 100, Alexandria, centre, famous maps, name · Speech: someone speaks here

«ptolemy» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ptolemy in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

Ptolemy was a Greek scientist who lived in Alexandria in Egypt about 1,900 years ago (around 100–170 AD); he wrote that the Earth was at the centre of the universe and made famous maps.

The tree, 36 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptolemy	ptolemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 scientist	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 scientist	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 scientist	det
4	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 scientist	amod
5	scientist	scientist	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 lived	nsubj
7	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 scientist	acl:relcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Alexandria	case
9	Alexandria	Alexandria	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 lived	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 Egypt	case
11	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 lived	obl
12	about	about	ADV	_	13 1,900	advmod
13	1,900	1,900	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 years	nummod
14	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 ago	obl:unmarked
15	ago	ago	ADV	_	7 lived	advmod
16	(	(	PUNCT	_	18 100	punct
17	around	around	ADV	_	18 100	advmod
18	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 lived	obl
19	–	–	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	20 170	case
20	170	170	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	18 100	nmod
21	AD	ad	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 170	nmod:unmarked
22	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 lived	punct
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 wrote	punct
24	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 wrote	nsubj
25	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 scientist	parataxis
26	that	that	SCONJ	_	32 centre	mark
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 Earth	det
28	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 centre	nsubj
29	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 centre	cop
30	at	at	ADP	_	32 centre	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 centre	det
32	centre	centre	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 wrote	ccomp
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 universe	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 universe	det
35	universe	universe	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 centre	nmod
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 made	cc
37	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 wrote	conj
38	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 maps	amod
39	maps	map	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 made	obj
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 scientist	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Ptolemy	a Greek scientist			tree rules
2	live	past	a Greek scientist	100 – 170 AD	Alexandria	in Egypt; ago property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in alexandria=Location
3	write	past	Egypt				vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	past	the Earth		the centre	of the universe	tree rules
5	make	past	Egypt not said here	famous maps			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset map=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

Ptolemy was also the name of several kings of ancient Egypt after Alexander the Great, including the family of Cleopatra.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptolemy	ptolemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 name	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 name	cop
3	also	also	ADV	_	5 name	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 name	det
5	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 kings	case
7	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 kings	amod
8	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 name	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 Egypt	case
10	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 Egypt	amod
11	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 kings	nmod
12	after	after	ADP	_	13 Alexander	case
13	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Egypt	nmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Great	det
15	Great	Great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Alexander	appos
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 family	punct
17	including	including	ADP	_	19 family	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 family	det
19	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 Egypt	appos
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 Cleopatra	case
21	Cleopatra	Cleopatra	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 family	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 name	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Ptolemy	the name				of several kings of ancient Egypt after Alexander	tree rules

Example 1

But this arrangement is undoubtedly an interpolation of a later time, as the author of the book "Yezirah" lived many years before Ptolemy. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

Sentence 1: But this arrangement is undoubtedly an interpolation of a later time, as the author of the book "Yezirah" lived many years before Ptolemy.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	7 interpolation	cc
2	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 arrangement	det
3	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 interpolation	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 interpolation	cop
5	undoubtedly	undoubtedly	ADV	_	7 interpolation	advmod
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 interpolation	det
7	interpolation	interpolation	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 lived	nsubj
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 time	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 time	det
10	later	late	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	11 time	amod
11	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 interpolation	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 author	punct
13	as	as	ADP	_	15 author	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 author	det
15	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 interpolation	conj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 book	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 book	det
18	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 author	nmod
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 Yezirah	punct
20	Yezirah	Yezirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 book	appos
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 Yezirah	punct
22	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
23	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 years	amod
24	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 lived	obl:unmarked
25	before	before	ADP	_	26 Ptolemy	case
26	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 lived	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	22 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	this arrangement	a interpolation and the author of the book			time	undoubtedly property	tree rules
2	live	past	a interpolation and the author of the book			Ptolemy	year		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before ptolemy=Location

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Kalisch	punct
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1877	1877	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Kalisch	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Ptolemy thought the Sun went round the Earth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 thought	nsubj
2	thought	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Sun	det
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 went	nsubj
5	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 thought	ccomp
6	round	round	ADP	_	8 Earth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Earth	det
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 went	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 thought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	past	Ptolemy						vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	go	past	the Sun			the Earth			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme round earth=Initial_Location

Example 3

Ptolemy drew maps of the known world.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptolemy	ptolemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drew	nsubj
2	drew	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	maps	map	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drew	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 world	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 world	det
6	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 world	amod
7	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 maps	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 drew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	past	Ptolemy	maps of the known world					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent map=Theme
2	know	participle							vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Example 4

Copernicus showed Ptolemy's model was wrong.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Copernicus	Copernicus	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 showed	nsubj
2	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 model	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Ptolemy	case
5	model	model	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wrong	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 wrong	cop
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 showed	ccomp
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	show	past	Copernicus		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	Ptolemy's model	wrong property	tree rules
3	model		Ptolemy		nom model «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Example 5

Cleopatra came from the family of Ptolemy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cleopatra	Cleopatra	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 family	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 family	det
5	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Ptolemy	case
7	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 family	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Cleopatra			the family of Ptolemy			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from family=Initial_Location

Example 6

Ptolemy lived in Alexandria.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 lived	nsubj
2	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Alexandria	case
4	Alexandria	Alexandria	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obl
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lived	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	Ptolemy			Alexandria			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in alexandria=Location

Example 7

The Ptolemy kings built the great library of Alexandria.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 kings	det
2	Ptolemy	Ptolemy	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 kings	compound
3	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 built	nsubj
4	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 library	det
6	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 library	amod
7	library	library	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 built	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 Alexandria	case
9	Alexandria	Alexandria	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 library	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 built	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	the Ptolemy kings	the great library of Alexandria					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent library=Product

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/P/ptolemy/