quail

Who acts: quail, small bird, it, quails, people, he · What happens: be, hunt, lose, come, pass, come up · To what, where: small bird, fear, courage, camp, layer, quails · Speech: someone speaks here

«quail» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: quail in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A quail is a small bird like a partridge, which people hunt for food.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 quail	det
2	quail	quail	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bird	det
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bird	amod
6	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 partridge	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 partridge	det
9	partridge	partridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bird	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 hunt	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 hunt	nsubj
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 hunt	nsubj
13	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bird	parataxis
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 food	case
15	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hunt	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 bird	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a quail	a small bird				like a partridge	tree rules
2	hunt	present	a small bird					for food	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for food=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

To quail is to shrink back in fear, to lose courage.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	ADP	_	2 quail	case
2	quail	quail	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shrink	obl
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 shrink	cop
4	to	to	PART	_	5 shrink	mark
5	shrink	shrink	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 shrink	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 fear	case
8	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shrink	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 lose	punct
10	to	to	PART	_	11 lose	mark
11	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 shrink	conj
12	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 lose	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 shrink	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present				fear		to quail; shrink property	tree rules
2	lose	to-infinitive		courage					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality

Example 1

And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp. (Torah EXO.16.13, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.

The tree, 30 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	3 came	cc
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 pass	mark
5	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 came	xcomp
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 even	case
7	even	even	ADV	_	5 pass	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 came	punct
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 came	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 quails	det
11	quails	quail	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 came	nsubj
12	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	parataxis
13	up	up	ADV	_	12 came	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 covered	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 covered	cc
16	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 came	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 camp	det
18	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 covered	obj
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 layer	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 was	cc
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 morning	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 morning	det
23	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 was	obl
24	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	25 was	expl
25	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 layer	cop
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 layer	det
27	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	obl
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 dew	case
29	dew	dew	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 layer	nmod
30	round	round	ADV	_	3 came	advmod
31	about	about	ADP	_	33 camp	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 camp	det
33	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 came	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	come	past	it		about the camp; round property	tree rules
2	pass	to-infinitive				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at even=Location
3	come up	past	the quails			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	cover	past	the quails not said here	the camp		vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme camp=Destination
5	is a	past		a layer	of dew	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Torah EXO.16.13, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.16.13	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.16.13	compound
3	EXO.16.13	EXO.16.13	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 EXO.16.13	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 EXO.16.13	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

And the people rose up all that day, and all the night, and all the next day, and gathered the quails; he that gathered least gathered ten heaps; and they spread them all abroad for themselves round about the camp. (Torah NUM.11.32, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: And the people rose up all that day, and all the night, and all the next day, and gathered the quails; he that gathered least gathered ten heaps; and they spread them all abroad for themselves round about the camp.

The tree, 40 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	4 rose	cc
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 people	det
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rose	nsubj
4	rose	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 rose	compound:prt
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 day	det:predet
7	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 day	det
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	obl:unmarked
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 night	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 night	cc
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 night	det:predet
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 night	det
13	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 day	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 day	cc
16	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	19 day	det:predet
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 day	det
18	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 day	amod
19	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 gathered	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 gathered	cc
22	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 rose	conj
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 quails	det
24	quails	quail	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 gathered	obj
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 gathered	punct
26	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 gathered	nsubj
27	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 gathered	nsubj
28	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 rose	conj
29	least	least	ADV	Degree=Sup	30 gathered	advmod
30	gathered	gather	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	28 gathered	ccomp
31	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 heaps	nummod
32	heaps	heap	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 gathered	obj
33	;	;	PUNCT	_	36 spread	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 spread	cc
35	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 spread	nsubj
36	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rose	conj
37	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 spread	obj
38	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	37 them	nmod:unmarked
39	abroad	abroad	ADV	_	36 spread	advmod
40	for	for	ADP	_	41 themselves	case
41	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 rose	obl
42	round	round	ADV	_	4 rose	advmod
43	about	about	ADP	_	45 camp	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 camp	det
45	camp	camp	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	obl
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 rose	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	rise up	past	the people		day; night	for people; about the camp; round property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about camp=Location
2	gather	past	the people not said here	the quails			vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Theme
3	gather	past	he				vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	gather	participle	he not said here	ten heaps		least property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heap=Theme
5	spread	present	people	heaps = heap		abroad property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Theme

Sentence 2: (Torah NUM.11.32, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 NUM.11.32	punct
2	Torah	Torah	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 NUM.11.32	compound
3	NUM.11.32	NUM.11.32	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 NUM.11.32	conj
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 JPS	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 NUM.11.32	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread of heaven. (Writings PSA.105.40, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: They asked, and He brought quails, and gave them in plenty the bread of heaven.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 asked	nsubj
2	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 brought	punct
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 brought	cc
5	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 brought	nsubj
6	brought	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 asked	ccomp
7	quails	quail	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 brought	cop
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 gave	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 gave	cc
10	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 asked	conj
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 gave	iobj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 plenty	case
13	plenty	plenty	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gave	obl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 bread	det
15	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gave	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 heaven	case
17	heaven	heaven	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 bread	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 asked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	past	They					vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is	present	He				bring property	tree rules
3	give	past	They not said here	the bread of heaven	them = they	plenty		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient bread=Theme

Sentence 2: (Writings PSA.105.40, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PSA.105.40	PSA.105.40	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PSA.105.40	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PSA.105.40	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

The hunters shot two quails for supper.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hunters	det
2	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shot	nsubj
3	shot	shoot	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 quails	nummod
5	quails	quail	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shot	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 supper	case
7	supper	supper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quails	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shoot	past	the hunters	two quails				for supper	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Theme

Example 5

The boy quailed at the sight of the wolf.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 quailed	nsubj
3	quailed	quail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 sight	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sight	det
6	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 quailed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 wolf	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wolf	det
9	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sight	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 quailed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	quail	past	the boy					at the sight of the wolf	vn flinch-40.5 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at sight=Stimulus
2	sight			the wolf					nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Example 6

Do not quail; be brave.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 quail	advmod
3	quail	quail	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Do	obj
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 brave	punct
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 brave	cop
6	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Do	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	imperative	you not said here	quail					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Eventuality
2	is	infinitive	you not said here					brave property	tree rules

Example 7

The soldiers quailed before the giant.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soldiers	det
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 quailed	nsubj
3	quailed	quail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	before	before	ADP	_	6 giant	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 giant	det
6	giant	giant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 quailed	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 quailed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	quail	past	the soldiers				before the giant		vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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