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rat

Who acts: Rats, something, rat, friend, you, bin lid · What happens: tell, say, go, run, have, call · To what, where: someone, alley, two pet rats, bin lid, wild rats, disease · Speech: someone speaks here

«rat» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rat in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A rodent like a large mouse, with a long thin tail, sharp teeth and grey or brown fur.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rodent	det
2	rodent	rodent	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	like	like	ADP	_	6 mouse	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mouse	det
5	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 mouse	amod
6	mouse	mouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rodent	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 tail	punct
8	with	with	ADP	_	12 tail	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 tail	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 tail	amod
11	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 tail	amod
12	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rodent	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 teeth	punct
14	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 teeth	amod
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 tail	appos
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 fur	cc
17	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 fur	amod
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 brown	cc
19	brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 grey	conj
20	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 teeth	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 rodent	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

A nasty, mean or disloyal person.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 person	det
2	nasty	nasty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 person	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 mean	punct
4	mean	mean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 nasty	conj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 disloyal	cc
6	disloyal	disloyal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 nasty	conj
7	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 person	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Rat on someone (informal): tell on someone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rat	rat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 someone	compound
2	on	on	ADP	_	3 someone	case
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
4	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 informal	punct
5	informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 someone	amod
6	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 informal	punct
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 tell	punct
8	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 someone	acl:relcl
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 someone	case
10	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 tell	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 someone	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	infinitive				someone			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

Rats!: a mild word said when something goes wrong.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 said	nsubj
2	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Rats	punct
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 word	det
5	mild	mild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 word	amod
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 said	nsubj
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 goes	mark
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 goes	nsubj
10	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 said	ccomp
11	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 goes	xcomp
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	Rats						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	go	present	something					wrong property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

A rat ran across the alley.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 rat	det
2	rat	rat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	nsubj
3	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	across	across	ADP	_	6 alley	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 alley	det
6	alley	alley	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ran	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	a rat			the alley			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across alley=Trajectory

Example 2

My friend has two pet rats called Salt and Pepper.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 rats	nummod
5	pet	pet	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rats	compound
6	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
7	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 rats	acl
8	Salt	Salt	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 called	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 Pepper	cc
10	Pepper	Pepper	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Salt	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	My friend	two pet rats					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rat=Patient
2	call	participle		two pet rats not said here					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

Keep the bin lid closed so rats can't get in.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 lid	det
3	bin	bin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lid	compound
4	lid	lid	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Keep	obj
5	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Keep	xcomp
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 get	advmod
7	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 get	nsubj
8	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 get	aux
9	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 get	advmod
10	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Keep	advcl
11	in	in	ADV	_	10 get	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	imperative	you not said here	the bin lid					tree rules
2	close	participle	the bin lid not said here						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	not get in	can	rats						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Example 4

Don't touch wild rats — they can carry disease.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 touch	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 touch	advmod
3	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 rats	amod
5	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 touch	obj
6	—	-	PUNCT	_	9 carry	punct
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 carry	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 carry	aux
9	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 touch	parataxis
10	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carry	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 touch	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not touch	imperative · do-support	you not said here	wild rats					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme rat=Co-Theme
2	carry	can	rats = rat	disease					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disease=Theme

Example 5

Rats can learn their way through a maze.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 learn	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 learn	aux
3	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 way	nmod:poss
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learn	obj
6	through	through	ADP	_	8 maze	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 maze	det
8	maze	maze	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learn	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 learn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	can	Rats	Rats's way		a maze			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic

Example 6

I came home from the rain looking like a drowned rat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	home	home	ADV	_	2 came	advmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 rain	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rain	det
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
7	looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 came	advcl
8	like	like	ADP	_	11 rat	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 rat	det
10	drowned	drown	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 rat	amod
11	rat	rat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 looking	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	I			the rain		home property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from rain=Initial_Location
2	look	gerund	I not said here					like a drowned rat	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	drown	participle							vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 7

«Rats! I forgot my homework.»

Sentence 1: «Rats!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Rats	punct
2	Rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	!	!	PUNCT	_	2 Rats	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: I forgot my homework.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 forgot	nsubj
2	forgot	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 homework	nmod:poss
4	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forgot	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 forgot	punct
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 forgot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	past	I	my homework					tree rules

Example 8

The story's detective smelled a rat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 story	det
2	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 detective	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 story	case
4	detective	detective	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smelled	nsubj
5	smelled	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 rat	det
7	rat	rat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smelled	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 smelled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smell	past	the story's detective	a rat					vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rat=Stimulus

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/R/rat/