species Who acts: living things, young, Lions, Twelfth Path, Path, issues · What happens: be, breed, have, call, name, see · To what, where: young, one species, Intelligence, apparitions, prophecies, endangered species · Speech: someone speaks here
«species» in the Judaism dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: species in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 A group of living things that are alike and can breed together to have young that can also have young.
The tree, 20 words det case amod nmod nsubj cop acl:relcl cc aux conj advmod mark xcomp obj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl xcomp punct root A DET group NOUN of ADP living ADJ things NOUN that PRON are AUX alike ADJ and CCONJ can AUX breed VERB together ADV to PART have VERB young NOUN that PRON can AUX also ADV have VERB young ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 group det 2 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 things case 4 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 5 things amod 5 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 2 group nmod 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 alike nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 alike cop 8 alike alike ADJ Degree=Pos 5 things acl:relcl 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 breed cc 10 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 breed aux 11 breed breed VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 alike conj 12 together together ADV _ 11 breed advmod 13 to to PART _ 14 have mark 14 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 breed xcomp 15 young young NOUN Number=Plur 14 have obj 16 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 have nsubj 17 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 have aux 18 also also ADV _ 19 have advmod 19 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 young acl:relcl 20 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 19 have xcomp 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present living things alike property tree rules 2 breed can living things not said here together property tree rules 3 have to-infinitive living things not said here young vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent young=Patient 4 have can young young property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Lions are one species, tigers another.
nsubj cop nummod punct conj det punct root Lions NOUN are AUX one NUM species NOUN , PUNCT tigers NOUN another DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 4 species nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 species cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 species nummod 4 species species NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 tigers punct 6 tigers tiger NOUN Number=Plur 4 species conj 7 another another DET PronType=Ind 6 tigers det 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 species punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lions one species and another tigers tree rules
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A kind or sort.
det cc conj punct root A DET kind NOUN or CCONJ sort NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kind det 2 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 sort cc 4 sort sort NOUN Number=Sing 2 kind conj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 kind punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 The Twelfth Path is the Intelligence of Transparency, because it is that species of Magnificence., called CHAZCHAZIT, which is named the place whence issues the vision of those seeing in apparitions. (That is, the prophecies by seers in a vision.) (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
Sentence 1: The Twelfth Path is the Intelligence of Transparency, because it is that species of Magnificence., called CHAZCHAZIT, which is named the place whence issues the vision of those seeing in apparitions.
The tree, 31 words det amod nsubj cop det case nmod punct mark nsubj cop case conj case nmod punct punct acl:relcl xcomp punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis det obj conj nsubj det appos case nmod acl case obl punct root The DET Twelfth ADJ Path PROPN is AUX the DET Intelligence PROPN of ADP Transparency PROPN , PUNCT because SCONJ it PRON is AUX that ADP species NOUN of ADP Magnificence PROPN . PUNCT , PUNCT called VERB CHAZCHAZIT PROPN , PUNCT which PRON is AUX named VERB the DET place NOUN whence ADV issues NOUN the DET vision NOUN of ADP those PRON seeing VERB in ADP apparitions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Path det 2 Twelfth twelfth ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Path amod 3 Path Path PROPN Number=Sing 6 Intelligence nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 Intelligence cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Intelligence det 6 Intelligence Intelligence PROPN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 Transparency case 8 Transparency Transparency PROPN Number=Sing 6 Intelligence nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 species punct 10 because because SCONJ _ 14 species mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 species nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 species cop 13 that that ADP _ 14 species case 14 species species NOUN Number=Plur 6 Intelligence conj 15 of of ADP _ 16 Magnificence case 16 Magnificence Magnificence PROPN Number=Sing 14 species nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 Intelligence punct 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 called punct 19 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 Intelligence acl:relcl 20 CHAZCHAZIT CHAZCHAZIT PROPN Number=Sing 19 called xcomp 21 , , PUNCT _ 24 named punct 22 which which PRON PronType=Rel 24 named nsubj:pass 23 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 named aux:pass 24 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 Intelligence parataxis 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 place det 26 place place NOUN Number=Sing 24 named obj 27 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 24 named conj 28 issues issue NOUN Number=Plur 27 whence nsubj 29 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 30 vision det 30 vision vision NOUN Number=Sing 28 issues appos 31 of of ADP _ 32 those case 32 those that PRON Number=Plur PronType=Dem 30 vision nmod 33 seeing see VERB VerbForm=Ger 28 issues acl 34 in in ADP _ 35 apparitions case 35 apparitions apparition NOUN Number=Plur 33 seeing obl 36 . . PUNCT _ 6 Intelligence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Twelfth Path the Intelligence and species of Transparency tree rules 2 is present Path that species; of Magnificence tree rules 3 call participle the Intelligence and species not said here vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 name present · passive the Intelligence and species vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme place=Attribute 5 see gerund issues not said here apparitions vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Sentence 2: (That is, the prophecies by seers in a vision.)
punct nsubj cop punct det case nmod case det nmod punct punct root ( PUNCT That PRON is AUX , PUNCT the DET prophecies NOUN by ADP seers NOUN in ADP a DET vision NOUN . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 prophecies punct 2 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 prophecies nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 prophecies cop 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 is punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 prophecies det 6 prophecies prophecy NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 by by ADP _ 8 seers case 8 seers seer NOUN Number=Plur 6 prophecies nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 vision case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 vision det 11 vision vision NOUN Number=Sing 8 seers nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 prophecies punct 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 prophecies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present That the prophecies by seers in a vision tree rules
Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Westcott PROPN 1887 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Westcott punct 5 Westcott Westcott PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1887 1887 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Westcott flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The giant panda is an endangered species.
det amod nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET giant ADJ panda NOUN is AUX an DET endangered ADJ species NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 panda det 2 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 panda amod 3 panda panda NOUN Number=Sing 7 species nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 species cop 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 species det 6 endangered endangered ADJ Degree=Pos 7 species amod 7 species species NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 species punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the giant panda a endangered species tree rules
Example 3 Scientists find new species every year.
nsubj amod obj det obl:unmarked punct root Scientists NOUN find VERB new ADJ species NOUN every DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 find nsubj 2 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 4 species amod 4 species species NOUN Number=Plur 2 find obj 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 year det 6 year year NOUN Number=Sing 2 find obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find present Scientists new species year vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Topic
Example 4 There are many species of bird in the park.
expl amod nsubj case nmod case det nmod punct root There PRON are VERB many ADJ species NOUN of ADP bird NOUN in ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 4 species amod 4 species species NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 bird case 6 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 species nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 park case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 park det 9 park park NOUN Number=Sing 6 bird nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present many species of bird in the park there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The dodo is an extinct species.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET dodo NOUN is AUX an DET extinct ADJ species NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dodo det 2 dodo dodo NOUN Number=Sing 6 species nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 species cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 species det 5 extinct extinct ADJ Degree=Pos 6 species amod 6 species species NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 species punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the dodo a extinct species tree rules
Example 6 Humans belong to the species Homo sapiens.
nsubj case det obl compound conj punct root Humans NOUN belong VERB to ADP the DET species NOUN Homo PROPN sapiens NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Humans human NOUN Number=Plur 2 belong nsubj 2 belong belong VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 species case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 species det 5 species species NOUN Number=Plur 2 belong obl 6 Homo Homo PROPN Number=Sing 7 sapiens compound 7 sapiens sapien NOUN Number=Plur 5 species conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 belong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 belong present Humans to the species and Homo sapiens vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Example 7 The zoo has 8 species of reptile and 5 of amphibian — 13 species in all.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj nummod obj case nmod cc conj case nmod punct nummod conj case nmod punct root The DET zoo NOUN has VERB 8 NUM species NOUN of ADP reptile NOUN and CCONJ 5 NUM of ADP amphibian ADJ — PUNCT 13 NUM species NOUN in ADP all DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 zoo det 2 zoo zoo NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 species nummod 5 species species NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 reptile case 7 reptile reptile NOUN Number=Sing 5 species nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 5 cc 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 species conj 10 of of ADP _ 11 amphibian case 11 amphibian amphibian ADJ Degree=Pos 9 5 nmod 12 — - PUNCT _ 14 species punct 13 13 13 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 species nummod 14 species species NOUN Number=Plur 5 species conj 15 in in ADP _ 16 all case 16 all all DET PronType=Tot 14 species nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the zoo 8 species of reptile and 13 species in all vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Patient
Example 8 They belong to the goose species, one can see that by their walk.
The tree, 13 words nsubj case det compound obl punct nsubj aux acl:relcl obj case nmod:poss obl punct root They PRON belong VERB to ADP the DET goose NOUN species NOUN , PUNCT one PRON can AUX see VERB that PRON by ADP their PRON walk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 belong nsubj 2 belong belong VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 6 species case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 species det 5 goose goose NOUN Number=Sing 6 species compound 6 species species NOUN Number=Plur 2 belong obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 see punct 8 one one PRON Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 see nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 see aux 10 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 species acl:relcl 11 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 see obj 12 by by ADP _ 14 walk case 13 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 walk nmod:poss 14 walk walk NOUN Number=Sing 10 see obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 belong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 belong present They to the goose species vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme 2 see can one the goose species by species's walk vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus 3 walk species nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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