sphere

Who acts: point, spheres, great rings, These, two letters, football · What happens: be, carry, rotate, imply, intend, arrange · To what, where: same distance, centre, heavens, old writings, stars, ten spheres · Speech: someone speaks here

«sphere» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sphere in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

A round solid shape like a ball, where every point on the surface is the same distance from the centre.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 shape	det
2	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shape	amod
3	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shape	amod
4	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	like	like	ADP	_	7 ball	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 ball	det
7	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shape	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 distance	punct
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	18 distance	advmod
10	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	11 point	det
11	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 distance	nsubj
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 surface	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 surface	det
14	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 point	nmod
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 distance	cop
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 distance	det
17	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 distance	amod
18	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ball	conj
19	from	from	ADP	_	21 centre	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 centre	det
21	centre	centre	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 distance	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 shape	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	every point on the surface	the same distance		the centre			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

An area of activity, interest or power: the sphere of science.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 area	det
2	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 activity	case
4	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 area	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 interest	punct
6	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 area	conj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 power	cc
8	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 interest	conj
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 sphere	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sphere	det
11	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 area	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 science	case
13	science	science	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sphere	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 area	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

A layer around the Earth: atmosphere, hemisphere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 layer	det
2	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	around	around	ADP	_	5 Earth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Earth	det
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 layer	nmod
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 atmosphere	punct
7	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 layer	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hemisphere	punct
9	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 atmosphere	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 layer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

In old writings, the spheres are the heavens, the great rings in the sky that carry the stars and planets.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 writings	case
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 writings	amod
3	writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 heavens	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 writings	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 spheres	det
6	spheres	sphere	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 heavens	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 heavens	cop
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 heavens	det
9	heavens	heaven	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 rings	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rings	det
12	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 rings	amod
13	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 heavens	appos
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 sky	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 sky	det
16	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 rings	nmod
17	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 carry	nsubj
18	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 rings	acl:relcl
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 stars	det
20	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 carry	obj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 planets	cc
22	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 stars	conj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 heavens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the spheres	the heavens		old writings			tree rules
2	carry	present	the great rings in the sky	the stars and planets					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Theme

Example 1

These are the ten spheres of existence out of nothing. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

Sentence 1: These are the ten spheres of existence out of nothing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	These	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	5 spheres	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 spheres	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 spheres	det
4	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 spheres	nummod
5	spheres	sphere	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 existence	case
7	existence	existence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spheres	nmod
8	out	out	ADP	_	10 nothing	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 nothing	case
10	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 spheres	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 spheres	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	These	the ten spheres		nothing		of existence	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Kalisch	punct
5	Kalisch	Kalisch	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1877	1877	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Kalisch	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

If the sphere be rotated forward, good is implied, if in a retrograde manner evil is intended. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

Sentence 1: If the sphere be rotated forward, good is implied, if in a retrograde manner evil is intended.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	5 rotated	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sphere	det
3	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rotated	nsubj:pass
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 rotated	aux:pass
5	rotated	rotate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 implied	advcl
6	forward	forward	ADV	_	5 rotated	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 rotated	punct
8	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 implied	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 implied	aux:pass
10	implied	imply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 intended	punct
12	if	if	SCONJ	_	19 intended	mark
13	in	in	ADP	_	17 evil	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 evil	det
15	retrograde	retrograde	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 manner	compound
16	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 evil	compound
17	evil	evil	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 intended	obl
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 intended	aux:pass
19	intended	intend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 implied	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 implied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	rotate a condition, not said to happen	infinitive · passive	the sphere		forward property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	imply	present · passive	good			vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
3	intend a condition, not said to happen	present · passive		a manner evil		vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1887	1887	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

These twenty-two letters, the foundations, He arranged as on a sphere, with two hundred and thirty-one modes of entrance. (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

Sentence 1: These twenty-two letters, the foundations, He arranged as on a sphere, with two hundred and thirty-one modes of entrance.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	These	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	5 letters	det
2	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 two	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 twenty	punct
4	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 letters	nummod
5	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 arranged	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 foundations	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 foundations	det
8	foundations	foundation	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 letters	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 letters	punct
10	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 arranged	nsubj
11	arranged	arrange	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	as	as	ADP	_	15 sphere	case
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 sphere	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 sphere	det
15	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 arranged	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 hundred	punct
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 hundred	case
18	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 hundred	compound
19	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 arranged	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 thirty	cc
21	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 hundred	conj
22	-	-	PUNCT	_	21 thirty	punct
23	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 modes	nummod
24	modes	mode	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 hundred	nmod
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 entrance	case
26	entrance	entrance	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 modes	nmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 arranged	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arrange	past	this two letters and the foundations					as a sphere; with two hundred one modes of entrance	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with hundred=Instrument

Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct
2	Sefer	Sefer	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	Yetzirah	Yetzirah	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	flat
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Westcott	punct
5	Westcott	Westcott	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Sefer	conj
6	1887	1887	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Westcott	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Sefer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

A football is a sphere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 football	det
2	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sphere	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sphere	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sphere	det
5	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 sphere	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a football	a sphere					tree rules

Example 5

A sphere has one curved face and no edges.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 sphere	det
2	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 face	nummod
5	curved	curve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 face	amod
6	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 edges	cc
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 edges	det
9	edges	edge	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 face	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a sphere	one curved face and no edges					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Patient
2	curve	participle							vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material

Example 6

The Earth is nearly a sphere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Earth	det
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 sphere	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sphere	cop
4	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	6 sphere	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sphere	det
6	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sphere	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the Earth	a sphere				nearly property	tree rules

Example 7

A bubble is a sphere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bubble	det
2	bubble	bubble	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sphere	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sphere	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sphere	det
5	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 sphere	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a bubble	a sphere					tree rules

Example 8

Half a sphere is called a hemisphere.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	3 sphere	det:predet
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sphere	det
3	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 called	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 called	aux:pass
5	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 hemisphere	det
7	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 called	xcomp
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · passive		half sphere					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

Example 9

Music is her sphere of interest.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sphere	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sphere	cop
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 sphere	nmod:poss
4	sphere	sphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 interest	case
6	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sphere	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sphere	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Music	her sphere				of interest	tree rules

Example 10

Through the spheres echoed the words:

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Through	through	ADP	_	3 spheres	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 spheres	det
3	spheres	sphere	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 echoed	nsubj
4	echoed	echo	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 words	det
6	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 echoed	obj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 echoed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	echo	past	the spheres	the words					vn sound_existence-47.4 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location word=Theme

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/judaism/S/sphere/