theory Who acts: theory, someone, idea, subject, things, it · What happens: test, be, support, have, explain, not be · To what, where: tested explanation, idea, something, theory, cake, ideas · Speech: someone speaks here
«theory» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 11 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: theory in the Judaism dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A theory is a well-tested explanation of how something in nature works, supported by a lot of evidence, like the theory of evolution or the theory of gravity.
The tree, 29 words det nsubj cop det advmod punct amod case advmod nmod case compound nmod punct acl case det obl case nmod punct case det nmod case nmod cc det conj case nmod punct root A DET theory NOUN is AUX a DET well ADV - PUNCT tested VERB explanation NOUN of ADP how ADV something PRON in ADP nature NOUN works NOUN , PUNCT supported VERB by ADP a DET lot NOUN of ADP evidence NOUN , PUNCT like ADP the DET theory NOUN of ADP evolution NOUN or CCONJ the DET theory NOUN of ADP gravity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 theory det 2 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 8 explanation nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 explanation cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 explanation det 5 well well ADV Degree=Pos 7 tested advmod 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 well punct 7 tested test VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 explanation amod 8 explanation explanation NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 something case 10 how how ADV PronType=Int 11 something advmod 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 explanation nmod 12 in in ADP _ 14 works case 13 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 14 works compound 14 works work NOUN Number=Plur 11 something nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 supported punct 16 supported support VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 explanation acl 17 by by ADP _ 19 lot case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 lot det 19 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 16 supported obl 20 of of ADP _ 21 evidence case 21 evidence evidence NOUN Number=Sing 19 lot nmod 22 , , PUNCT _ 25 theory punct 23 like like ADP _ 25 theory case 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 theory det 25 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 8 explanation nmod 26 of of ADP _ 27 evolution case 27 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 25 theory nmod 28 or or CCONJ _ 30 theory cc 29 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 30 theory det 30 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 25 theory conj 31 of of ADP _ 32 gravity case 32 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 30 theory nmod 33 . . PUNCT _ 8 explanation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test participle well property vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a theory a tested explanation of something; like the theory of evolution or the theory of gravity tree rules 3 support participle a tested explanation not said here by a lot of evidence vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A theory is an idea someone has to explain something, which may or may not be true, as in "I have a theory about who ate the cake".
The tree, 28 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp obj punct nsubj aux cc aux advmod cop acl:relcl punct mark fixed punct nsubj advcl det obj mark nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct punct root A DET theory NOUN is AUX an DET idea NOUN someone PRON has VERB to PART explain VERB something PRON , PUNCT which PRON may AUX or CCONJ may AUX not PART be AUX true ADJ , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP " PUNCT I PRON have VERB a DET theory NOUN about SCONJ who PRON ate VERB the DET cake NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 theory det 2 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 5 idea nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 idea cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 idea det 5 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 has nsubj 7 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 idea acl:relcl 8 to to PART _ 9 explain mark 9 explain explain VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 has xcomp 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 explain obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 18 true punct 12 which which PRON PronType=Rel 18 true nsubj 13 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 true aux 14 or or CCONJ _ 18 true cc 15 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 true aux 16 not not PART Polarity=Neg 18 true advmod 17 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 18 true cop 18 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something acl:relcl 19 , , PUNCT _ 24 have punct 20 as as SCONJ _ 24 have mark 21 in in ADP _ 20 as fixed 22 " " PUNCT _ 24 have punct 23 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 24 have nsubj 24 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 explain advcl 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 theory det 26 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 24 have obj 27 about about SCONJ _ 29 ate mark 28 who who PRON PronType=Rel 29 ate nsubj 29 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 26 theory acl:relcl 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 cake det 31 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 29 ate obj 32 " " PUNCT _ 29 ate punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 5 idea punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a theory a idea tree rules 2 have present someone a idea not said here tree rules 3 explain speech: assert to-infinitive a idea not said here something vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic 4 not is may true property tree rules 5 have in a quote present a idea = idea a theory vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent theory=Patient 6 eat in a quote past a theory the cake vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient
Meaning 3 Theory is the ideas and rules of a subject, as opposed to practice, like music theory.
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop det cc conj case det nmod punct mark acl case obl punct case compound parataxis punct root Theory PROPN is AUX the DET ideas NOUN and CCONJ rules NOUN of ADP a DET subject NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ opposed VERB to ADP practice NOUN , PUNCT like ADP music NOUN theory NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Theory Theory PROPN Number=Sing 4 ideas nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 ideas cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ideas det 4 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 rules cc 6 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 ideas conj 7 of of ADP _ 9 subject case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 subject det 9 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 6 rules nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 opposed punct 11 as as SCONJ _ 12 opposed mark 12 opposed oppose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 ideas acl 13 to to ADP _ 14 practice case 14 practice practice NOUN Number=Sing 12 opposed obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 theory punct 16 like like ADP _ 18 theory case 17 music music NOUN Number=Sing 18 theory compound 18 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 12 opposed parataxis 19 . . PUNCT _ 4 ideas punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Theory the ideas and rules of a subject tree rules 2 oppose participle the ideas and rules of a subject not said here to practice vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 3 rule a subject nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 4 "In theory" means what should happen if things go as planned, though they might not.
The tree, 15 words punct case nsubj punct nsubj aux ccomp mark nsubj advcl mark advcl punct mark nsubj conj advmod punct root " PUNCT In ADP theory NOUN " PUNCT means VERB what PRON should AUX happen VERB if SCONJ things NOUN go VERB as SCONJ planned VERB , PUNCT though SCONJ they PRON might AUX not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 theory punct 2 In in ADP _ 3 theory case 3 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 theory punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 what what PRON PronType=Int 8 happen nsubj 7 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 happen aux 8 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 9 if if SCONJ _ 11 go mark 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 go nsubj 11 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 happen advcl 12 as as SCONJ _ 13 planned mark 13 planned plan VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 go advcl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 might punct 15 though though SCONJ _ 17 might mark 16 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 might nsubj 17 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 happen conj 18 not not PART Polarity=Neg 17 might advmod 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present theory vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 happen should vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 go a condition, not said to happen present things vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 plan participle things not said here vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Be this as it may, it is worth while to know the extravagant hypotheses which ancient Jewish philosophers and theologians framed as soon as they began to contemplate and to reason, endeavoring to combine oriental and Greek theories. (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
Sentence 1: Be this as it may, it is worth while to know the extravagant hypotheses which ancient Jewish philosophers and theologians framed as soon as they began to contemplate and to reason, endeavoring to combine oriental and Greek theories.
The tree, 38 words cop nsubj mark nsubj advcl punct nsubj cop mark mark csubj det amod obj nsubj amod amod nmod cc conj acl advmod advmod mark nsubj advcl mark xcomp cc case conj punct nmod mark xcomp obj cc amod conj punct root Be AUX this PRON as SCONJ it PRON may AUX , PUNCT it PRON is AUX worth ADJ while SCONJ to PART know VERB the DET extravagant ADJ hypotheses NOUN which PRON ancient ADJ Jewish ADJ philosophers NOUN and CCONJ theologians NOUN framed VERB as ADV soon ADV as SCONJ they PRON began VERB to PART contemplate VERB and CCONJ to ADP reason NOUN , PUNCT endeavoring VERB to PART combine VERB oriental NOUN and CCONJ Greek ADJ theories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 worth cop 2 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 1 Be nsubj 3 as as SCONJ _ 5 may mark 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 may nsubj 5 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 worth advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 may punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 worth nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 worth cop 9 worth worth ADJ Degree=Pos root root 10 while while SCONJ _ 12 know mark 11 to to PART _ 12 know mark 12 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 worth csubj 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 hypotheses det 14 extravagant extravagant ADJ Degree=Pos 15 hypotheses amod 15 hypotheses hypothesis NOUN Number=Plur 12 know obj 16 which which PRON PronType=Rel 19 philosophers nsubj 17 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 19 philosophers amod 18 Jewish Jewish ADJ Degree=Pos 19 philosophers amod 19 philosophers philosopher NOUN Number=Plur 15 hypotheses nmod 20 and and CCONJ _ 21 theologians cc 21 theologians theologian NOUN Number=Plur 19 philosophers conj 22 framed frame VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 19 philosophers acl 23 as as ADV _ 24 soon advmod 24 soon soon ADV Degree=Pos 27 began advmod 25 as as SCONJ _ 27 began mark 26 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 27 began nsubj 27 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 framed advcl 28 to to PART _ 29 contemplate mark 29 contemplate contemplate VERB VerbForm=Inf 27 began xcomp 30 and and CCONJ _ 32 reason cc 31 to to ADP _ 32 reason case 32 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 29 contemplate conj 33 , , PUNCT _ 34 endeavoring punct 34 endeavoring endeavor VERB VerbForm=Ger 32 reason nmod 35 to to PART _ 36 combine mark 36 combine combine VERB VerbForm=Inf 34 endeavoring xcomp 37 oriental oriental NOUN Number=Sing 36 combine obj 38 and and CCONJ _ 40 theories cc 39 Greek Greek ADJ Degree=Pos 40 theories amod 40 theories theory NOUN Number=Plur 37 oriental conj 41 . . PUNCT _ 9 worth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is infinitive it worth property tree rules 2 know to-infinitive the extravagant hypotheses vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer hypothesis=Stimulus 3 philosopher the extravagant hypotheses tree rules 4 frame participle ancient Jewish philosophers and theologians not said here vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent 5 begin past hypotheses = hypothesis soon property vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 6 contemplate to-infinitive hypotheses = hypothesis not said here vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent 7 endeavor gerund tree rules 8 combine to-infinitive oriental and Greek theories vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oriental=Patient
Sentence 2: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877)
punct flat punct conj flat punct root ( PUNCT Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN , PUNCT Kalisch PROPN 1877 NUM ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct 2 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 Kalisch punct 5 Kalisch Kalisch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Sefer conj 6 1877 1877 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 Kalisch flat 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Sefer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 2 The whole theory of the world, of the year, and of the soul, is expressed by tens and twelves. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: The whole theory of the world, of the year, and of the soul, is expressed by tens and twelves.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj:pass case det nmod punct case det nmod punct cc case det nmod punct aux:pass case obl cc conj punct root The DET whole ADJ theory NOUN of ADP the DET world NOUN , PUNCT of ADP the DET year NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ of ADP the DET soul NOUN , PUNCT is AUX expressed VERB by ADP tens NOUN and CCONJ twelves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 theory det 2 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 3 theory amod 3 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 18 expressed nsubj:pass 4 of of ADP _ 6 world case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 world det 6 world world NOUN Number=Sing 3 theory nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 year punct 8 of of ADP _ 10 year case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 year det 10 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 theory nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 soul punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 soul cc 13 of of ADP _ 15 soul case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 soul det 15 soul soul NOUN Number=Sing 3 theory nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 3 theory punct 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 expressed aux:pass 18 expressed express VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 19 by by ADP _ 20 tens case 20 tens ten NOUN Number=Plur 18 expressed obl 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 twelves cc 22 twelves twelve NOUN Number=Plur 20 tens conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 18 expressed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 express present · passive tens and twelves the whole theory of the world of the year of the soul vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Indeed, it would seem that every commentator endeavored to read his own views and theories into this little book, with hardly any concern whether they agreed with the text or not. (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
Sentence 1: Indeed, it would seem that every commentator endeavored to read his own views and theories into this little book, with hardly any concern whether they agreed with the text or not.
The tree, 31 words advmod punct nsubj aux mark det nsubj advcl mark xcomp nmod:poss amod obj cc conj case det amod obl punct case advmod det parataxis mark nsubj advcl case det obl cc conj punct root Indeed ADV , PUNCT it PRON would AUX seem VERB that SCONJ every DET commentator NOUN endeavored VERB to PART read VERB his PRON own ADJ views NOUN and CCONJ theories NOUN into ADP this DET little ADJ book NOUN , PUNCT with ADP hardly ADV any DET concern NOUN whether SCONJ they PRON agreed VERB with ADP the DET text NOUN or CCONJ not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Indeed indeed ADV _ 5 seem advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Indeed punct 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 seem nsubj 4 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 seem aux 5 seem seem VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 that that SCONJ _ 9 endeavored mark 7 every every DET PronType=Tot 8 commentator det 8 commentator commentator NOUN Number=Sing 9 endeavored nsubj 9 endeavored endeavor VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 seem advcl 10 to to PART _ 11 read mark 11 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 endeavored xcomp 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 views nmod:poss 13 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 14 views amod 14 views view NOUN Number=Plur 11 read obj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 theories cc 16 theories theory NOUN Number=Plur 14 views conj 17 into into ADP _ 20 book case 18 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 20 book det 19 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 20 book amod 20 book book NOUN Number=Sing 11 read obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 25 concern punct 22 with with ADP _ 25 concern case 23 hardly hardly ADV _ 25 concern advmod 24 any any DET PronType=Ind 25 concern det 25 concern concern NOUN Number=Sing 11 read parataxis 26 whether whether SCONJ _ 28 agreed mark 27 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 28 agreed nsubj 28 agreed agree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 25 concern advcl 29 with with ADP _ 31 text case 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 31 text det 31 text text NOUN Number=Sing 28 agreed obl 32 or or CCONJ _ 33 not cc 33 not not PART Polarity=Neg 31 text conj 34 . . PUNCT _ 5 seem punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 seem would it indeed property vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme 2 endeavor past every commentator tree rules 3 read to-infinitive every commentator not said here commentator's own views and theories this little book vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Topic 4 agree speech: agree past views = view with the text vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.co-agent how S»: agent=Agent with text=Co-Agent 5 view commentator nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Sentence 2: (Mordell, The Origin of Letters and Numerals according to Sefer Yetzirah (1914))
The tree, 12 words punct punct det appos case nmod cc conj case fixed nmod flat punct list punct root ( PUNCT Mordell PROPN , PUNCT The DET Origin PROPN of ADP Letters NOUN and CCONJ Numerals NOUN according VERB to ADP Sefer PROPN Yetzirah PROPN ( PUNCT 1914 NUM )) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct 2 Mordell Mordell PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Origin punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 Origin det 5 Origin Origin PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell appos 6 of of ADP _ 7 Letters case 7 Letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 5 Origin nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 Numerals cc 9 Numerals numeral NOUN Number=Plur 7 Letters conj 10 according accord VERB ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 Sefer case 11 to to ADP _ 10 according fixed 12 Sefer Sefer PROPN Number=Sing 2 Mordell nmod 13 Yetzirah Yetzirah PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sefer flat 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 1914 punct 15 1914 1914 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 Mordell list 16 )) )) PUNCT _ 2 Mordell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accord gerund vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Darwin's theory of evolution explains how living things change over time.
nmod:poss case nsubj case nmod advmod amod nsubj ccomp case obl punct root Darwin PROPN 's PART theory NOUN of ADP evolution NOUN explains VERB how ADV living ADJ things NOUN change VERB over ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Darwin Darwin PROPN Number=Sing 3 theory nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Darwin case 3 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 6 explains nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 evolution case 5 evolution evolution NOUN Number=Sing 3 theory nmod 6 explains explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 change advmod 8 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 9 things amod 9 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 10 change nsubj 10 change change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 explains ccomp 11 over over ADP _ 12 time case 12 time time NOUN Number=Sing 10 change obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 explains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert present Darwin's theory of evolution vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 change present living things time vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 I have a theory that the cat ate the fish fingers.
nsubj det obj mark det nsubj acl det compound obj punct root I PRON have VERB a DET theory NOUN that SCONJ the DET cat NOUN ate VERB the DET fish NOUN fingers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 theory det 4 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 ate mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 cat det 7 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 8 ate nsubj 8 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 theory acl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 fingers det 10 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 11 fingers compound 11 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 8 ate obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present I a theory vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent theory=Patient 2 eat past the cat the fish fingers vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient
Example 6 In theory, the bus comes every ten minutes, but it never does.
The tree, 12 words case obl punct det nsubj det nummod obl:unmarked punct cc nsubj advmod conj punct root In ADP theory NOUN , PUNCT the DET bus NOUN comes VERB every DET ten NUM minutes NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ it PRON never ADV does VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 theory case 2 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 6 comes obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 theory punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bus det 5 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 6 comes nsubj 6 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 every every DET PronType=Tot 9 minutes det 8 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 minutes nummod 9 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 6 comes obl:unmarked 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 does punct 11 but but CCONJ _ 14 does cc 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 does nsubj 13 never never ADV PronType=Neg 14 does advmod 14 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 comes conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present the bus theory minute vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in theory=Location 2 not do present bus vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The detective tested her theory by checking the footprints.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET detective NOUN tested VERB her PRON theory NOUN by SCONJ checking VERB the DET footprints NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 detective det 2 detective detective NOUN Number=Sing 3 tested nsubj 3 tested test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 theory nmod:poss 5 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 3 tested obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 checking mark 7 checking check VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 tested advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 footprints det 9 footprints footprint NOUN Number=Plur 7 checking obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test past the detective detective's theory vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent theory=Theme 2 check gerund the detective not said here the footprints vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footprint=Theme
Example 8 I passed my music theory exam.
nsubj nmod:poss compound compound obj punct root I PRON passed VERB my PRON music NOUN theory NOUN exam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 passed nsubj 2 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 exam nmod:poss 4 music music NOUN Number=Sing 5 theory compound 5 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 6 exam compound 6 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 2 passed obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass past I my theory exam vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme exam=Trajectory
Example 9 Scientists test a theory by doing experiments.
nsubj det obj mark advcl obj punct root Scientists NOUN test VERB a DET theory NOUN by SCONJ doing VERB experiments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 test nsubj 2 test test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 theory det 4 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 2 test obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 doing mark 6 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 test advcl 7 experiments experiment NOUN Number=Plur 6 doing obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test present Scientists a theory vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent theory=Theme 2 do gerund Scientists not said here experiments vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent experiment=Eventuality
Example 10 (informal) Some people believe in silly conspiracy theories.
punct discourse punct det nsubj case amod compound obl punct root ( PUNCT informal NUM ) PUNCT Some DET people NOUN believe VERB in ADP silly ADJ conspiracy NOUN theories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 informal punct 2 informal informal NUM _ 6 believe discourse 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 informal punct 4 Some some DET PronType=Ind 5 people det 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 believe nsubj 6 believe believe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 10 theories case 8 silly silly ADJ Degree=Pos 10 theories amod 9 conspiracy conspiracy NOUN Number=Sing 10 theories compound 10 theories theory NOUN Number=Plur 6 believe obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe present some people silly conspiracy theories vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
Example 11 "I am not prepared to form a theory about these stories.
punct nsubj aux:pass advmod mark xcomp det obj case det nmod punct root " PUNCT I PRON am AUX not PART prepared VERB to PART form VERB a DET theory NOUN about ADP these DET stories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 prepared punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 prepared nsubj 3 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 prepared aux:pass 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 prepared advmod 5 prepared prepare VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 to to PART _ 7 form mark 7 form form VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 prepared xcomp 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 theory det 9 theory theory NOUN Number=Sing 7 form obj 10 about about ADP _ 12 stories case 11 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 12 stories det 12 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 9 theory nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 prepared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not prepare in a quote present · passive I vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute 2 form not said to happen, in a quote to-infinitive a theory about this stories vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location theory=Theme
Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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