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transparency

Who acts: Transparency, light, you, people, Twelfth Path, Path · What happens: be, let, pass, see, mean, happen · To what, where: clear plastic sheet, Intelligence, apparitions, prophecies, transparency, great transparency · Speech: someone speaks here

«transparency» in the Judaism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: transparency in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Transparency is being see-through, letting light pass so you can see clearly through, like glass or clean water.

The tree, 19 words
nsubjcopcopcompoundpunctpunctadvclnsubjxcompadvmodnsubjauxadvcladvmodadvmodpunctcaseoblccamodconjpunctrootTransparencyNOUNisAUXbeingAUXseeADJ-PUNCTthroughADJ,PUNCTlettingVERBlightNOUNpassVERBsoADVyouPRONcanAUXseeVERBclearlyADVthroughADV,PUNCTlikeADPglassNOUNorCCONJcleanADJwaterNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TransparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing6 throughnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 throughcop
3beingbeAUXTense=Pres VerbForm=Part6 throughcop
4seeseeADJDegree=Pos6 throughcompound
5--PUNCT_6 throughpunct
6throughthoroughADJDegree=Posrootroot
7,,PUNCT_8 lettingpunct
8lettingletVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part6 throughadvcl
9lightlightNOUNNumber=Sing10 passnsubj
10passpassVERBVerbForm=Inf8 lettingxcomp
11sosoADV_14 seeadvmod
12youyouPRONCase=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs14 seensubj
13cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin14 seeaux
14seeseeVERBVerbForm=Inf8 lettingadvcl
15clearlyclearlyADV_16 throughadvmod
16throughthroughADV_14 seeadvmod
17,,PUNCT_19 glasspunct
18likelikeADP_19 glasscase
19glassglassNOUNNumber=Sing14 seeobl
20ororCCONJ_22 watercc
21cleancleanADJDegree=Pos22 wateramod
22waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing19 glassconj
23..PUNCT_6 throughpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentTransparencythorough propertytree rules
2letgerundTransparency not said heretree rules
3passinfinitivelightvn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4seecanyoulike glass or clean water; through propertyvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Transparency means being open and honest so that people can see what is happening and why: transparency in government or in a company.

The tree, 23 words
nsubjcopxcompccconjmarkfixednsubjauxadvclnsubjauxccompccparataxispunctapposcasenmodcccasedetconjpunctrootTransparencyNOUNmeansVERBbeingAUXopenADJandCCONJhonestADJsoSCONJthatSCONJpeopleNOUNcanAUXseeVERBwhatPRONisAUXhappeningVERBandCCONJwhyADV:PUNCTtransparencyNOUNinADPgovernmentNOUNorCCONJinADPaDETcompanyNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TransparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing2 meansnsubj
2meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3beingbeAUXTense=Pres VerbForm=Part4 opencop
4openopenADJDegree=Pos2 meansxcomp
5andandCCONJ_6 honestcc
6honesthonestADJDegree=Pos4 openconj
7sosoSCONJExtPos=SCONJ11 seemark
8thatthatSCONJ_7 sofixed
9peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur11 seensubj
10cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin11 seeaux
11seeseeVERBVerbForm=Inf6 honestadvcl
12whatwhatPRONPronType=Int14 happeningnsubj
13isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin14 happeningaux
14happeninghappenVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part11 seeccomp
15andandCCONJ_16 whycc
16whywhyADVPronType=Int11 seeparataxis
17::PUNCT_18 transparencypunct
18transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing16 whyappos
19ininADP_20 governmentcase
20governmentgovernmentNOUNNumber=Sing18 transparencynmod
21ororCCONJ_24 companycc
22ininADP_24 companycase
23aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art24 companydet
24companycompanyNOUNNumber=Sing18 transparencyconj
25..PUNCT_2 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1meanpresentTransparencyvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2is not said to happengerundTransparency not said hereopen propertytree rules
3beTransparency not said heretree rules
4seecanpeoplevn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5happenpresent · progressivevn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.

A transparency is a clear plastic sheet with words or pictures on it, shown with an overhead projector, or a photographic slide.

The tree, 22 words
detnsubjcopdetamodcompoundcasenmodccconjcasenmodpunctconjcasedetamodoblpunctccdetamodconjpunctrootADETtransparencyNOUNisAUXaDETclearADJplasticNOUNsheetNOUNwithADPwordsNOUNorCCONJpicturesNOUNonADPitPRON,PUNCTshownVERBwithADPanDEToverheadADJprojectorNOUN,PUNCTorCCONJaDETphotographicADJslideNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art2 transparencydet
2transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing7 sheetnsubj
3isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 sheetcop
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 sheetdet
5clearclearADJDegree=Pos7 sheetamod
6plasticplasticNOUNNumber=Sing7 sheetcompound
7sheetsheetNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
8withwithADP_9 wordscase
9wordswordNOUNNumber=Plur7 sheetnmod
10ororCCONJ_11 picturescc
11picturespictureNOUNNumber=Plur9 wordsconj
12ononADP_13 itcase
13ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 picturesnmod
14,,PUNCT_15 shownpunct
15shownshowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass7 sheetconj
16withwithADP_19 projectorcase
17anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art19 projectordet
18overheadoverheadADJDegree=Pos19 projectoramod
19projectorprojectorNOUNNumber=Sing15 shownobl
20,,PUNCT_24 slidepunct
21ororCCONJ_24 slidecc
22aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art24 slidedet
23photographicphotographicADJDegree=Pos24 slideamod
24slideslideNOUNNumber=Sing7 sheetconj
25..PUNCT_7 sheetpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresenta transparencya clear plastic sheet or a photographic slidewith words or pictures on ittree rules
2showparticiplea transparency not said herewith a overhead projectorvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The Twelfth Path is the Intelligence of Transparency, because it is that species of Magnificence., called CHAZCHAZIT, which is named the place whence issues the vision of those seeing in apparitions. (That is, the prophecies by seers in a vision.) (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

Sentence 1: The Twelfth Path is the Intelligence of Transparency, because it is that species of Magnificence., called CHAZCHAZIT, which is named the place whence issues the vision of those seeing in apparitions.

The tree, 31 words
detamodnsubjcopdetcasenmodpunctmarknsubjcopcaseconjcasenmodpunctpunctacl:relclxcomppunctnsubj:passaux:passparataxisdetobjconjnsubjdetapposcasenmodaclcaseoblpunctrootTheDETTwelfthADJPathPROPNisAUXtheDETIntelligencePROPNofADPTransparencyPROPN,PUNCTbecauseSCONJitPRONisAUXthatADPspeciesNOUNofADPMagnificencePROPN.PUNCT,PUNCTcalledVERBCHAZCHAZITPROPN,PUNCTwhichPRONisAUXnamedVERBtheDETplaceNOUNwhenceADVissuesNOUNtheDETvisionNOUNofADPthosePRONseeingVERBinADPapparitionsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 Pathdet
2TwelfthtwelfthADJDegree=Pos3 Pathamod
3PathPathPROPNNumber=Sing6 Intelligencensubj
4isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 Intelligencecop
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 Intelligencedet
6IntelligenceIntelligencePROPNNumber=Singrootroot
7ofofADP_8 Transparencycase
8TransparencyTransparencyPROPNNumber=Sing6 Intelligencenmod
9,,PUNCT_14 speciespunct
10becausebecauseSCONJ_14 speciesmark
11ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs14 speciesnsubj
12isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin14 speciescop
13thatthatADP_14 speciescase
14speciesspeciesNOUNNumber=Plur6 Intelligenceconj
15ofofADP_16 Magnificencecase
16MagnificenceMagnificencePROPNNumber=Sing14 speciesnmod
17..PUNCT_6 Intelligencepunct
18,,PUNCT_19 calledpunct
19calledcallVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 Intelligenceacl:relcl
20CHAZCHAZITCHAZCHAZITPROPNNumber=Sing19 calledxcomp
21,,PUNCT_24 namedpunct
22whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel24 namednsubj:pass
23isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin24 namedaux:pass
24namednameVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 Intelligenceparataxis
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 placedet
26placeplaceNOUNNumber=Sing24 namedobj
27whencewhenceADVPronType=Int24 namedconj
28issuesissueNOUNNumber=Plur27 whencensubj
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 visiondet
30visionvisionNOUNNumber=Sing28 issuesappos
31ofofADP_32 thosecase
32thosethatPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem30 visionnmod
33seeingseeVERBVerbForm=Ger28 issuesacl
34ininADP_35 apparitionscase
35apparitionsapparitionNOUNNumber=Plur33 seeingobl
36..PUNCT_6 Intelligencepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentthe Twelfth Paththe Intelligence and speciesof Transparencytree rules
2ispresentPaththat species; of Magnificencetree rules
3callparticiplethe Intelligence and species not said herevn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4namepresent · passivethe Intelligence and speciesvn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme place=Attribute
5seegerundissues not said hereapparitionsvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Sentence 2: (That is, the prophecies by seers in a vision.)

punctnsubjcoppunctdetcasenmodcasedetnmodpunctpunctroot(PUNCTThatPRONisAUX,PUNCTtheDETpropheciesNOUNbyADPseersNOUNinADPaDETvisionNOUN.PUNCT)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_6 propheciespunct
2ThatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem6 propheciesnsubj
3isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 propheciescop
4,,PUNCT_3 ispunct
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 propheciesdet
6propheciesprophecyNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
7bybyADP_8 seerscase
8seersseerNOUNNumber=Plur6 propheciesnmod
9ininADP_11 visioncase
10aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art11 visiondet
11visionvisionNOUNNumber=Sing8 seersnmod
12..PUNCT_6 propheciespunct
13))PUNCT_6 propheciespunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentThatthe propheciesby seers in a visiontree rules

Sentence 3: (Sefer Yetzirah, Westcott 1887)

punctflatpunctconjflatpunctroot(PUNCTSeferPROPNYetzirahPROPN,PUNCTWestcottPROPN1887NUM)PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1((PUNCT_2 Seferpunct
2SeferSeferPROPNNumber=Singrootroot
3YetzirahYetzirahPROPNNumber=Sing2 Seferflat
4,,PUNCT_5 Westcottpunct
5WestcottWestcottPROPNNumber=Sing2 Seferconj
618871887NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card5 Westcottflat
7))PUNCT_2 Seferpunct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

We tested the transparency of different materials with a torch.

nsubjdetobjcaseamodnmodcasedetnmodpunctrootWePRONtestedVERBtheDETtransparencyNOUNofADPdifferentADJmaterialsNOUNwithADPaDETtorchNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs2 testednsubj
2testedtestVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 transparencydet
4transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing2 testedobj
5ofofADP_7 materialscase
6differentdifferentADJDegree=Pos7 materialsamod
7materialsmaterialNOUNNumber=Plur4 transparencynmod
8withwithADP_10 torchcase
9aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 torchdet
10torchtorchNOUNNumber=Sing7 materialsnmod
11..PUNCT_2 testedpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1testpastWethe transparency of different materials with a torchvn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transparency=Theme

Example 3

Clean water has great transparency.

amodnsubjamodobjpunctrootCleanADJwaterNOUNhasVERBgreatADJtransparencyNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1CleancleanADJDegree=Pos2 wateramod
2waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasnsubj
3hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4greatgreatADJDegree=Pos5 transparencyamod
5transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing3 hasobj
6..PUNCT_3 haspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1havepresentClean watergreat transparencyvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transparency=Patient

Example 4

Voters want transparency about how taxes are spent.

nsubjobjmarkadvmodnsubjaux:passxcomppunctrootVotersNOUNwantVERBtransparencyNOUNaboutSCONJhowADVtaxesNOUNareAUXspentVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1VotersvoterNOUNNumber=Plur2 wantnsubj
2wantwantVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing2 wantobj
4aboutaboutSCONJ_8 spentmark
5howhowADVPronType=Int8 spentadvmod
6taxestaxNOUNNumber=Plur8 spentnsubj
7arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin8 spentaux:pass
8spentspendVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass2 wantxcomp
9..PUNCT_2 wantpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1wantpresentVoterstransparencytree rules
2spend not said to happenpresent · passivetaxesvn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset

Example 5

The club showed transparency by sharing its accounts.

detnsubjobjmarkadvclnmod:possobjpunctrootTheDETclubNOUNshowedVERBtransparencyNOUNbySCONJsharingVERBitsPRONaccountsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 clubdet
2clubclubNOUNNumber=Sing3 showednsubj
3showedshowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing3 showedobj
5bybySCONJ_6 sharingmark
6sharingshareVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part3 showedadvcl
7itsitsPRONCase=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs8 accountsnmod:poss
8accountsaccountNOUNNumber=Plur6 sharingobj
9..PUNCT_3 showedpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1showpastthe clubtransparencyvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent transparency=Recipient
2sharegerundthe club not said hereclub's accountstree rules
3accountclubnom account «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 6

The teacher put a transparency on the old overhead projector.

detnsubjdetobjcasedetamodamodoblpunctrootTheDETteacherNOUNputVERBaDETtransparencyNOUNonADPtheDEToldADJoverheadADJprojectorNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 teacherdet
2teacherteacherNOUNNumber=Sing3 putnsubj
3putputVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art5 transparencydet
5transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing3 putobj
6ononADP_10 projectorcase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art10 projectordet
8oldoldADJDegree=Pos10 projectoramod
9overheadoverheadADJDegree=Pos10 projectoramod
10projectorprojectorNOUNNumber=Sing3 putobl
11..PUNCT_3 putpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1putpastthe teachera transparencythe old overhead projectorvn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent transparency=Theme on projector=Destination

Example 7

Transparency means people can check a decision is fair.

nsubjnsubjauxccompdetnsubjcopccomppunctrootTransparencyNOUNmeansVERBpeopleNOUNcanAUXcheckVERBaDETdecisionNOUNisAUXfairADJ.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TransparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing2 meansnsubj
2meansmeanVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur5 checknsubj
4cancanAUXVerbForm=Fin5 checkaux
5checkcheckVERBVerbForm=Inf2 meansccomp
6aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 decisiondet
7decisiondecisionNOUNNumber=Sing9 fairnsubj
8isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin9 faircop
9fairfairADJDegree=Pos5 checkccomp
10..PUNCT_2 meanspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1meanpresentTransparencyvn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2checkcanpeoplevn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3ispresenta decisionfair propertytree rules

Example 8

Ice loses its transparency when it has lots of air bubbles.

nsubjnmod:possobjadvmodnsubjadvclobjcasecompoundnmodpunctrootIceNOUNlosesVERBitsPRONtransparencyNOUNwhenADVitPRONhasVERBlotsNOUNofADPairNOUNbubblesNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IceiceNOUNNumber=Sing2 losesnsubj
2losesloseVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3itsitsPRONCase=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs4 transparencynmod:poss
4transparencytransparencyNOUNNumber=Sing2 losesobj
5whenwhenADVPronType=Int7 hasadvmod
6ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs7 hasnsubj
7hashaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin2 losesadvcl
8lotslotNOUNNumber=Plur7 hasobj
9ofofADP_11 bubblescase
10airairNOUNNumber=Sing11 bubblescompound
11bubblesbubbleNOUNNumber=Plur8 lotsnmod
12..PUNCT_2 losespunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1losepresentIceIce's transparencyvn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transparency=Eventuality
2havepresentIcelots of air bubblesvn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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