weather

Who acts: air, Verb, weather friends, people, things, one · What happens: be, change, wear away, weather, get, stay · To what, where: weathered rocks, people, garment, cold weather, bit, weather · Speech: someone speaks here

«weather» in the Judaism dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: weather in the Judaism dictionary.

Meaning 1

What the air outside is like at a time and place: sunny, rainy, windy, cold, hot, snowy.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 air	det
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 time	nsubj
4	outside	outside	ADV	_	3 air	advmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 time	cop
6	like	like	ADP	_	9 time	case
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 time	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 time	det
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	obl:unmarked
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 place	cc
11	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 time	conj
12	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 sunny	punct
13	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 time	appos
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 rainy	punct
15	rainy	rainy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sunny	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 windy	punct
17	windy	windy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sunny	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 cold	punct
19	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sunny	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 hot	punct
21	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sunny	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 snowy	punct
23	snowy	snowy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sunny	conj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the air				like a time and place		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Verb: to be changed or worn away by wind, rain and sun: weathered rocks.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 changed	compound
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Verb	punct
3	to	to	PART	_	5 changed	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 changed	aux:pass
5	changed	change	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 worn	cc
7	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 changed	conj
8	away	away	ADV	_	7 worn	advmod
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 wind	case
10	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 worn	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 rain	punct
12	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wind	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 sun	cc
14	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wind	conj
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 rocks	punct
16	weathered	weather	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 rocks	amod
17	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 changed	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 changed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	change	to-infinitive · passive	weathered rocks		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»
2	wear away	participle		by wind and rain and sun; away property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent
3	weather	participle			tree rules

Meaning 3

Verb: to get through a hard time safely: «weather the storm».

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 get	punct
3	to	to	PART	_	4 get	mark
4	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	through	through	ADP	_	8 time	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 time	det
7	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 time	amod
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	obl
9	safely	safely	ADV	_	4 get	advmod
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 weather	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 weather	punct
12	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 get	parataxis
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 storm	det
14	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 weather	nmod:unmarked
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 weather	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 get	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	to-infinitive	Verb				time	safely property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus

Meaning 4

Fair-weather friends are people who stay friendly only when things are going well.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 weather	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Fair	punct
3	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 friends	compound
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 people	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 people	cop
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 stay	nsubj
8	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 people	acl:relcl
9	friendly	friendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stay	xcomp
10	only	only	ADV	_	14 going	advmod
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	14 going	advmod
12	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 going	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 going	aux
14	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 stay	advcl
15	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 going	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 people	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	weather friends	people		tree rules
2	stay	present	people		friendly property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	go	present · progressive	things		well property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

As one that taketh off a garment in cold weather, and as vinegar upon nitre, so is he that singeth songs to a heavy heart. (Writings PRO.25.20, JPS 1917)

Sentence 1: As one that taketh off a garment in cold weather, and as vinegar upon nitre, so is he that singeth songs to a heavy heart.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	SCONJ	_	4 taketh	mark
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 taketh	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 taketh	nsubj
4	taketh	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 taketh	compound:prt
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 garment	det
7	garment	garment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 taketh	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 weather	case
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 weather	amod
10	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 taketh	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 vinegar	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 vinegar	cc
13	as	as	ADP	_	14 vinegar	case
14	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 taketh	obl
15	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 nitre	case
16	nitre	nitre	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 vinegar	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 singeth	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	22 singeth	advmod
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 singeth	cop
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 singeth	nsubj
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	22 singeth	mark
22	singeth	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 taketh	conj
23	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 singeth	obj
24	to	to	ADP	_	27 heart	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 heart	det
26	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 heart	amod
27	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 singeth	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 taketh	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take off	present	one	a garment		cold weather		as vinegar upon nitre	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent garment=Theme
2	is	present	he					to a heavy heart; sing property	tree rules

Sentence 2: (Writings PRO.25.20, JPS 1917)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct
2	Writings	writing	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	PRO.25.20	PRO.25.20	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Writings	appos
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 JPS	punct
5	JPS	JPS	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 PRO.25.20	flat
6	1917	1917	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 PRO.25.20	flat
7	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 Writings	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

What's the weather like today?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 weather	det
4	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 today	case
6	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 weather	nmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the weather like today						tree rules

Example 3

The weather forecast says rain tomorrow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 forecast	det
2	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forecast	compound
3	forecast	forecast	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tomorrow	compound
6	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	obl:unmarked
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the weather forecast				tomorrow		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Example 4

We stayed inside because of the bad weather.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 stayed	nsubj
2	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	inside	inside	ADV	_	2 stayed	advmod
4	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	8 weather	case
5	of	of	ADP	_	4 because	fixed
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 weather	det
7	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 weather	amod
8	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stayed	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stayed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	We					because the bad weather; inside property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

In hot weather drink lots of water.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	5 lots	case
2	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 lots	amod
3	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drink	compound
4	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lots	compound
5	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lots	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lots	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 6

I'm feeling a bit under the weather.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 feeling	nsubj
2	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 feeling	aux
3	feeling	feel	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bit	det
5	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 feeling	obl:unmarked
6	under	under	ADP	_	8 weather	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 weather	det
8	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 feeling	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 feeling	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	present · progressive	I	a bit		the weather			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under weather=Location

Example 7

Weather can change quickly in the mountains.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 change	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 change	aux
3	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 change	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 mountains	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 mountains	det
7	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 change	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	can	Weather			the mountains		quickly property	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 8

Rocks are weathered by wind and rain.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 weathered	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 weathered	aux:pass
3	weathered	weather	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 wind	case
5	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 weathered	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 rain	cc
7	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wind	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 weathered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weather	present · passive	wind and rain	Rocks					tree rules

Example 9

Weather is today; climate is the usual pattern over many years.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 climate	compound
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 today	cop
3	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Weather	nmod:unmarked
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Weather	punct
5	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pattern	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 pattern	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pattern	det
8	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pattern	amod
9	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	over	over	ADP	_	12 years	case
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 years	amod
12	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 pattern	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 pattern	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		today					tree rules
2	is a	present	Weather climate	the usual pattern			year		tree rules

Example 10

Fair weather friends are not worth much.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 friends	amod
2	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 friends	compound
3	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 worth	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 worth	cop
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 worth	advmod
6	worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	much	much	ADV	_	6 worth	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 worth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	Fair weather friends					worth property	tree rules

Text: the Judaism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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