substrate

Who acts: substrate, something, enzyme, Machines, difference, one · What happens: be, grow on, live on, act on, change, build on · To what, where: surface, material, substance, chemistry, base layer, something

«substrate» in the mysticism dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: substrate in the mysticism dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

A substrate is the surface or material that something grows on or lives on, such as soil, sand, rock or a fish tank's gravel.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 substrate	det
2	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 surface	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 surface	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 surface	det
5	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 material	cc
7	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 surface	conj
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 grows	mark
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 grows	nsubj
10	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 material	acl:relcl
11	on	on	ADP	_	10 grows	compound:prt
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 lives	cc
13	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 grows	conj
14	on	on	ADP	_	13 lives	compound:prt
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 soil	punct
16	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	18 soil	case
17	as	as	ADP	_	16 such	fixed
18	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 surface	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 sand	punct
20	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 soil	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 rock	punct
22	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 surface	parataxis
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	28 gravel	cc
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 tank	det
25	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 tank	compound
26	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 gravel	nmod:poss
27	's	's	PART	_	26 tank	case
28	gravel	gravel	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 rock	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 surface	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a substrate	the surface or material	such soil and sand	tree rules
2	grow on	present	something	material not said here		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location material=Theme
3	live on	present	something not said here			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

In chemistry and biology, a substrate is the substance that an enzyme acts on and changes.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 chemistry	case
2	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 substance	obl
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 biology	cc
4	biology	biology	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chemistry	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 chemistry	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 substrate	det
7	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 substance	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 substance	cop
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 substance	det
10	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	that	that	SCONJ	_	14 acts	mark
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 enzyme	det
13	enzyme	enzyme	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 acts	nsubj
14	acts	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 substance	advcl
15	on	on	ADP	_	14 acts	compound:prt
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 changes	cc
17	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 acts	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 substance	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	is a	present	a substrate	the substance	chemistry and biology	tree rules
2	act on	present	a enzyme			vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	change	present	a enzyme not said here			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 3

Usage: technology — kept apart, not parsed.

A substrate is a base layer that something else is built on, like the material under a computer chip.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 substrate	det
2	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 layer	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 layer	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 layer	det
5	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 layer	compound
6	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 built	mark
8	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	11 built	nsubj:pass
9	else	else	ADV	_	8 something	advmod
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 built	aux:pass
11	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 layer	advcl
12	on	on	ADP	_	11 built	compound:prt
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 material	punct
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 material	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 material	det
16	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 built	obl
17	under	under	ADP	_	20 chip	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 chip	det
19	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 chip	compound
20	chip	chip	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 material	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 layer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a substrate	a base layer					tree rules
2	build on	present · passive		something				like the material under a computer chip	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 1

Seen from far enough away, the difference between a biological mind and an artificial one may look less like a boundary between "real" and "fake" intelligence, and more like a difference between substrates. (note 04)

Sentence 1: Seen from far enough away, the difference between a biological mind and an artificial one may look less like a boundary between "real" and "fake" intelligence, and more like a difference between substrates.

The tree, 33 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 look	advcl
2	from	from	ADP	_	5 away	case
3	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 away	advmod
4	enough	enough	ADV	_	5 away	advmod
5	away	away	ADV	_	1 Seen	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 difference	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 difference	det
8	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Seen	obl
9	between	between	ADP	_	12 mind	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 mind	det
11	biological	biological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 mind	amod
12	mind	mind	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 difference	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 one	cc
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 one	det
15	artificial	artificial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 one	amod
16	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 mind	conj
17	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 look	aux
18	look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
19	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	18 look	advmod
20	like	like	ADP	_	22 boundary	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 boundary	det
22	boundary	boundary	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 look	obl
23	between	between	ADP	_	25 real	case
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 real	punct
25	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 boundary	nmod
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 real	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 intelligence	cc
28	"	"	PUNCT	_	29 fake	punct
29	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 intelligence	amod
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	29 fake	punct
31	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 boundary	conj
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 more	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 more	cc
34	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	18 look	advmod
35	like	like	ADP	_	37 difference	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 difference	det
37	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 more	obl
38	between	between	ADP	_	39 substrates	case
39	substrates	substrate	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 difference	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	18 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	participle		the difference between a biological mind and a artificial one					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	look	may						like a boundary between real and fake intelligence; less property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Sentence 2: (note 04)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 note	punct
2	note	note	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	04	04	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 note	flat
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 note	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 2

Machines learn from examples, predict, imitate, make mistakes, forget and revise; so do humans. From far enough away the difference looks less like "real" versus "fake" and more like two substrates, one grown and one manufactured, both systems that turn information into action. (lesson 007)

Sentence 1: Machines learn from examples, predict, imitate, make mistakes, forget and revise; so do humans.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Machines	machine	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 examples	case
4	examples	example	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 predict	punct
6	predict	predict	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 learn	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 imitate	punct
8	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 predict	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 make	punct
10	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 learn	conj
11	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 make	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 forget	punct
13	forget	forget	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 make	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 revise	cc
15	revise	revise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 forget	conj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 do	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	18 do	advmod
18	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 learn	conj
19	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 do	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	learn	present	Machines		examples	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from example=Source
2	predict	present	Machines not said here			vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot
3	imitate	present	Machines not said here			vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	make	present	Machines not said here	mistakes		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mistake=Product
5	forget	infinitive	Machines not said here			tree rules
6	revise	infinitive	Machines not said here			vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent
7	do	infinitive	Machines not said here	humans		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent human=Eventuality

Sentence 2: From far enough away the difference looks less like "real" versus "fake" and more like two substrates, one grown and one manufactured, both systems that turn information into action.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	ADP	_	2 far	case
2	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 looks	advmod
3	enough	enough	ADV	_	2 far	advmod
4	away	away	ADV	_	2 far	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 difference	det
6	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 looks	nsubj
7	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 looks	advmod
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 real	case
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 real	punct
11	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 looks	obl
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 real	punct
13	versus	versus	ADP	_	15 fake	case
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 fake	punct
15	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 looks	obl
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 fake	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 more	cc
18	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 looks	advmod
19	like	like	ADP	_	21 substrates	case
20	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 substrates	nummod
21	substrates	substrate	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 looks	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 grown	punct
23	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 grown	nsubj
24	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 substrates	acl
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 manufactured	cc
26	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	27 manufactured	nsubj
27	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	24 grown	conj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 systems	punct
29	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	30 systems	det
30	systems	system	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 substrates	appos
31	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	32 turn	nsubj
32	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 systems	acl:relcl
33	information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 turn	obj
34	into	into	ADP	_	35 action	case
35	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 turn	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 looks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	look	present	the difference			like real; versus fake; like two substrates; far, less property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	grow	participle	one	two substrates not said here			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location substrate=Theme
3	manufacture	participle	one				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	turn	present	both systems	information	action		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent information=Theme into action=Trajectory

Sentence 3: (lesson 007)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 lesson	punct
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	007	007	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 lesson	flat
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 lesson	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 3

The stream's substrate was gravel and pebbles.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stream	det
2	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 substrate	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 stream	case
4	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gravel	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 gravel	cop
6	gravel	gravel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 pebbles	cc
8	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 gravel	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 gravel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the stream's substrate	gravel and pebbles					tree rules

Example 4

Mussels attach themselves to a rocky substrate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mussels	mussel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 attach	nsubj
2	attach	attach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 attach	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 substrate	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 substrate	det
6	rocky	rocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 substrate	amod
7	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 attach	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 attach	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attach	present	Mussels	Mussels = mussel				to a rocky substrate	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient to substrate=Co-Patient

Example 5

We put sand as the substrate in the fish tank.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 substrate	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 substrate	det
6	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 tank	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 tank	det
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 tank	compound
10	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	past	We	sand		the fish tank		as the substrate	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sand=Theme in tank=Destination

Example 6

Mushrooms grow on a substrate of wood or straw.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 substrate	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 substrate	det
5	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 wood	case
7	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 substrate	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 straw	cc
9	straw	straw	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wood	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Mushrooms			a substrate of wood or straw			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on substrate=Location

Example 7

Each enzyme works on its own substrate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 enzyme	det
2	enzyme	enzyme	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 works	nsubj
3	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 substrate	case
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 substrate	nmod:poss
6	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 substrate	amod
7	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 works	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 works	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	each enzyme					on enzyme's own substrate	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on substrate=Theme

Example 8

The gecko's tank needs a safe substrate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gecko	det
2	gecko	gecko	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tank	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 gecko	case
4	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 needs	nsubj
5	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 substrate	det
7	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 substrate	amod
8	substrate	substrate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 needs	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 needs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	the gecko's tank	a safe substrate					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot substrate=Theme

Text: the mysticism dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/mysticism/S/substrate/