abound Who acts: Rabbits, river, Wildflowers, Great Barrier Reef, Rumours, Mistakes · What happens: abound, mean, exist, have, love, appear · To what, where: large numbers, fields, something, lots, meadow, homework · Speech: someone speaks here
«abound» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: abound in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To abound means to exist in large numbers or amounts: «Rabbits abound in these fields.».
The tree, 15 words mark csubj mark xcomp case amod obl cc conj punct punct nsubj parataxis case det obl punct punct punct root To PART abound VERB means VERB to PART exist VERB in ADP large ADJ numbers NOUN or CCONJ amounts NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Rabbits NOUN abound VERB in ADP these DET fields NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 abound mark 2 abound abound VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 exist mark 5 exist exist VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 8 numbers case 7 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 8 numbers amod 8 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 5 exist obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 amounts cc 10 amounts amount NOUN Number=Plur 8 numbers conj 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 abound punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 abound punct 13 Rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 14 abound nsubj 14 abound abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 15 in in ADP _ 17 fields case 16 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 17 fields det 17 fields field NOUN Number=Plur 14 abound obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 14 abound punct 19 » » PUNCT _ 14 abound punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound to-infinitive vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 exist not said to happen to-infinitive large numbers or amounts vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in number=Location 4 abound in a quote present Rabbits this fields vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in field=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To abound in or with something means to have lots of it: «The river abounds with fish.».
The tree, 17 words mark csubj case cc conj obl mark xcomp obj case nmod punct punct det nsubj parataxis case obl punct punct punct root To PART abound VERB in ADP or CCONJ with ADP something PRON means VERB to PART have VERB lots NOUN of ADP it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET river NOUN abounds VERB with ADP fish NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 abound mark 2 abound abound VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 means csubj 3 in in ADP _ 6 something case 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 with cc 5 with with ADP _ 3 in conj 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 abound obl 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 have mark 9 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 means xcomp 10 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 9 have obj 11 of of ADP _ 12 it case 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 lots nmod 13 : : PUNCT _ 17 abounds punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 17 abounds punct 15 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 river det 16 river river NOUN Number=Sing 17 abounds nsubj 17 abounds abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 means parataxis 18 with with ADP _ 19 fish case 19 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 17 abounds obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 17 abounds punct 21 » » PUNCT _ 17 abounds punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound to-infinitive something vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in something=Location 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 have not said to happen to-infinitive lots of it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient 4 abound in a quote present the river with fish vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with fish=Theme
Example 1 Wildflowers abound in the meadow in June.
nsubj case det obl case obl punct root Wildflowers NOUN abound VERB in ADP the DET meadow NOUN in ADP June PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wildflowers wildflower NOUN Number=Plur 2 abound nsubj 2 abound abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 meadow case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 meadow det 5 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 2 abound obl 6 in in ADP _ 7 June case 7 June June PROPN Number=Sing 2 abound obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 abound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound present Wildflowers the meadow june vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in meadow=Location
Example 2 The Great Barrier Reef abounds with colourful fish.
det amod compound nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET Great ADJ Barrier PROPN Reef PROPN abounds VERB with ADP colourful ADJ fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Reef det 2 Great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 Reef amod 3 Barrier Barrier PROPN Number=Sing 4 Reef compound 4 Reef Reef PROPN Number=Sing 5 abounds nsubj 5 abounds abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 fish case 7 colourful colourful ADJ Degree=Pos 8 fish amod 8 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 5 abounds obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 abounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound present the Great Barrier Reef with colourful fish vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with fish=Theme
Example 3 Rumours abounded about the new teacher.
nsubj case det amod obl punct root Rumours NOUN abounded VERB about ADP the DET new ADJ teacher NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rumours rumour NOUN Number=Plur 2 abounded nsubj 2 abounded abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 6 teacher case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 teacher det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 teacher amod 6 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 2 abounded obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 abounded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound past Rumours about the new teacher vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about teacher=Location
Example 4 Stories about the old castle abound in the village.
nsubj case det amod nmod advmod case det punct root Stories NOUN about ADP the DET old ADJ castle NOUN abound ADV in ADP the DET village NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stories story NOUN Number=Plur 9 village nsubj 2 about about ADP _ 5 castle case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 castle det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 castle amod 5 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stories nmod 6 abound abound ADV _ 9 village advmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 village case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 village det 9 village village NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 village punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Mistakes abound in his homework.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl punct root Mistakes NOUN abound VERB in ADP his PRON homework NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mistakes mistake NOUN Number=Plur 2 abound nsubj 2 abound abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 homework case 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 homework nmod:poss 5 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 2 abound obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 abound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound present Mistakes his homework vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in homework=Location
Example 6 Opportunities abound for children who love sport here.
nsubj case obl nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod punct root Opportunities NOUN abound VERB for ADP children NOUN who PRON love VERB sport NOUN here ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Opportunities opportunity NOUN Number=Plur 2 abound nsubj 2 abound abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 4 children case 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur 2 abound obl 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 love nsubj 6 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 children acl:relcl 7 sport sport NOUN Number=Sing 6 love obj 8 here here ADV PronType=Dem 6 love advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 abound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 abound present Opportunities for children vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme 2 love present children sport here vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sport=Stimulus
Example 7 The Sirens would appear to have been personifications of those numerous rocks and unseen dangers, which abound on the S.W. coast of Italy.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj aux mark aux cop obj case det amod nmod cc amod conj punct nsubj parataxis case det obl punct obl case nmod punct root The DET Sirens PROPN would AUX appear VERB to PART have AUX been AUX personifications NOUN of ADP those DET numerous ADJ rocks NOUN and CCONJ unseen ADJ dangers NOUN , PUNCT which PRON abound VERB on ADP the DET S.W PROPN . PUNCT coast NOUN of ADP Italy PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Sirens det 2 Sirens Siren PROPN Number=Plur 4 appear nsubj 3 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 appear aux 4 appear appear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 8 personifications mark 6 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 personifications aux 7 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 personifications cop 8 personifications personification NOUN Number=Plur 4 appear obj 9 of of ADP _ 12 rocks case 10 those that DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 12 rocks det 11 numerous numerous ADJ Degree=Pos 12 rocks amod 12 rocks rock NOUN Number=Plur 8 personifications nmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 dangers cc 14 unseen unseen ADJ Degree=Pos 15 dangers amod 15 dangers danger NOUN Number=Plur 12 rocks conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 abound punct 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 18 abound nsubj 18 abound abound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 rocks parataxis 19 on on ADP _ 21 S.W case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 S.W det 21 S.W S.W PROPN Number=Sing 18 abound obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 23 coast punct 23 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 4 appear obl 24 of of ADP _ 25 Italy case 25 Italy Italy PROPN Number=Sing 23 coast nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 4 appear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 appear would the Sirens coast of Italy vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a to-infinitive · perfect personifications of that numerous rocks and unseen dangers tree rules 3 abound present that numerous rocks and unseen dangers the S.W vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on s.w=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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