absorb Who acts: sponge, you, force, Paper towels, Black clothes, Plant roots · What happens: absorb, be, take, understand, notice, do · To what, where: liquid, water, information, something, it, nothing
«absorb» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: absorb in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To absorb a liquid, gas or heat is to take it in, as a sponge takes in water.
The tree, 18 words mark advcl det obj punct conj cc conj cop mark obj advmod punct mark det nsubj parataxis case obl punct root To PART absorb VERB a DET liquid NOUN , PUNCT gas NOUN or CCONJ heat NOUN is AUX to PART take VERB it PRON in ADV , PUNCT as SCONJ a DET sponge NOUN takes VERB in ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 absorb mark 2 absorb absorb VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 take advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 liquid det 4 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorb obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 gas punct 6 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 4 liquid conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 heat cc 8 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 4 liquid conj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 take cop 10 to to PART _ 11 take mark 11 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 take obj 13 in in ADV _ 11 take advmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 takes punct 15 as as SCONJ _ 18 takes mark 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 sponge det 17 sponge sponge NOUN Number=Sing 18 takes nsubj 18 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 take parataxis 19 in in ADP _ 20 water case 20 water water NOUN Number=Sing 18 takes obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 11 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb to-infinitive a liquid and gas or heat vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal liquid=Theme 2 is present take property tree rules 3 take present a sponge water vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in water=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To absorb information is to learn it and understand it.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj cc conj obj punct root To PART absorb VERB information NOUN is AUX to PART learn VERB it PRON and CCONJ understand VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 absorb mark 2 absorb absorb VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 learn advcl 3 information information NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorb obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 learn cop 5 to to PART _ 6 learn mark 6 learn learn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 learn obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 understand cc 9 understand understand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 learn conj 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 understand obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 learn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb to-infinitive information vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal information=Theme 2 is present learn property tree rules 3 understand infinitive information vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
Meaning 3 To be absorbed in something is to be so interested in it that you notice nothing else.
The tree, 17 words mark aux:pass advcl case obl cop mark cop advmod case obl mark nsubj advcl obj advmod punct root To PART be AUX absorbed VERB in ADP something PRON is AUX to PART be AUX so ADV interested ADJ in ADP it PRON that SCONJ you PRON notice VERB nothing PRON else ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 3 absorbed mark 2 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 3 absorbed aux:pass 3 absorbed absorb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 interested advcl 4 in in ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 absorbed obl 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 interested cop 7 to to PART _ 10 interested mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 interested cop 9 so so ADV _ 10 interested advmod 10 interested interested ADJ Degree=Pos root root 11 in in ADP _ 12 it case 12 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 interested obl 13 that that SCONJ _ 15 notice mark 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 notice nsubj 15 notice notice VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 interested advcl 16 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 15 notice obj 17 else else ADV _ 16 nothing advmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 10 interested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb to-infinitive · passive something vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP» 2 is present it interested property tree rules 3 notice present you nothing vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus
Meaning 4 To absorb a shock or blow is to take its force so it does less harm.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl det obj cc conj cop mark nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl amod obj punct root To PART absorb VERB a DET shock NOUN or CCONJ blow NOUN is AUX to PART take VERB its PRON force NOUN so SCONJ it PRON does VERB less ADJ harm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 absorb mark 2 absorb absorb VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 take advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 shock det 4 shock shock NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorb obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 blow cc 6 blow blow NOUN Number=Sing 4 shock conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 take cop 8 to to PART _ 9 take mark 9 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 force nmod:poss 11 force force NOUN Number=Sing 9 take obj 12 so so SCONJ _ 14 does mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 does nsubj 14 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 take advcl 15 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 16 harm amod 16 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 14 does obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb to-infinitive a shock or blow vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal shock=Theme 2 is present take property tree rules 3 do present force less harm vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Eventuality
Example 1 A sponge absorbs water.
det nsubj obj punct root A DET sponge NOUN absorbs VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sponge det 2 sponge sponge NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorbs nsubj 3 absorbs absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorbs obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 absorbs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present a sponge water vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal water=Theme
Example 2 Paper towels absorb spills.
compound nsubj obj punct root Paper NOUN towels NOUN absorb VERB spills NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 2 towels compound 2 towels towel NOUN Number=Plur 3 absorb nsubj 3 absorb absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 spills spill NOUN Number=Plur 3 absorb obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 absorb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present Paper towels spills vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal spill=Theme
Example 3 Black clothes absorb more heat from the Sun.
amod nsubj amod obj case det obl root Black ADJ clothes NOUN absorb VERB more ADJ heat NOUN from ADP the DET Sun. PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Black black ADJ Degree=Pos 2 clothes amod 2 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 3 absorb nsubj 3 absorb absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 heat amod 5 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorb obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 Sun. case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 Sun. det 8 Sun. Sunday PROPN Number=Sing 3 absorb obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present Black clothes more heat sunday vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal heat=Theme
Example 4 Plant roots absorb water from the soil.
compound nsubj obj case det obl punct root Plant NOUN roots NOUN absorb VERB water NOUN from ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 2 roots compound 2 roots root NOUN Number=Plur 3 absorb nsubj 3 absorb absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorb obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 soil case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 soil det 7 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorb obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 absorb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present Plant roots water the soil vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Goal water=Theme from soil=Source
Example 5 She was so absorbed in her book that she didn't hear me.
nsubj aux:pass advmod case nmod:poss obl mark nsubj aux advmod advcl obj punct root She PRON was AUX so ADV absorbed VERB in ADP her PRON book NOUN that SCONJ she PRON did AUX n't PART hear VERB me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 absorbed nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 absorbed aux:pass 3 so so ADV _ 4 absorbed advmod 4 absorbed absorb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 book case 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 book nmod:poss 7 book book NOUN Number=Sing 4 absorbed obl 8 that that SCONJ _ 12 hear mark 9 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 hear nsubj 10 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 hear aux 11 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 12 hear advmod 12 hear hear VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 absorbed advcl 13 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 hear obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 absorbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb past · passive She her book vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 not hear past · do-support she me vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus
Example 6 A bike helmet absorbs the force of a fall.
det compound nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root A DET bike NOUN helmet NOUN absorbs VERB the DET force NOUN of ADP a DET fall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 helmet det 2 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 helmet compound 3 helmet helmet NOUN Number=Sing 4 absorbs nsubj 4 absorbs absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 force det 6 force force NOUN Number=Sing 4 absorbs obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 fall case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 fall det 9 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 6 force nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 absorbs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present a bike helmet the force of a fall vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal force=Theme
Example 7 I need time to absorb all this information.
nsubj obj mark acl det:predet det obj punct root I PRON need VERB time NOUN to PART absorb VERB all DET this DET information NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 4 to to PART _ 5 absorb mark 5 absorb absorb VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 time acl 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 information det:predet 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 information det 8 information information NOUN Number=Sing 5 absorb obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present I time vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 absorb to-infinitive I not said here all information vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal information=Theme
Example 8 Which material absorbs the most water?
det nsubj det amod obj punct root Which DET material NOUN absorbs VERB the DET most ADJ water NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which DET PronType=Int 2 material det 2 material material NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorbs nsubj 3 absorbs absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 water det 5 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 6 water amod 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorbs obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 absorbs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present which material the most water vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal water=Theme
Example 9 Crimthann absorbed instruction like a sponge and digested it as rapidly.
nsubj obj case det obl cc conj obj advmod advmod punct root Crimthann PROPN absorbed VERB instruction NOUN like ADP a DET sponge NOUN and CCONJ digested VERB it PRON as ADV rapidly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crimthann Crimthann PROPN Number=Sing 2 absorbed nsubj 2 absorbed absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorbed obj 4 like like ADP _ 6 sponge case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sponge det 6 sponge sponge NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorbed obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 digested cc 8 digested digest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 absorbed conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 digested obj 10 as as ADV _ 11 rapidly advmod 11 rapidly rapidly ADV _ 8 digested advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 absorbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb past Crimthann instruction like a sponge vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal instruction=Theme 2 digest past Crimthann not said here instruction rapidly property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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