affront
Who acts: Verb, you, vizir, they, rude words, His · What happens: insult, face, do, hide, receive, affront · To what, where: someone, something, affront, whole court
«affront» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: affront in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
Verb: to insult someone openly, or to face something bravely and boldly.
The tree, 12 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Verb | verb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 insult | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 insult | punct |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 insult | mark |
| 4 | insult | insult | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 4 insult | obj |
| 6 | openly | openly | ADV | _ | 4 insult | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 face | punct |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 face | cc |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 face | mark |
| 10 | face | face | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 insult | parataxis |
| 11 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 face | obj |
| 12 | bravely | bravely | ADV | _ | 10 face | advmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 boldly | cc |
| 14 | boldly | boldly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 bravely | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 insult | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | insult | to-infinitive | Verb | someone | openly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | face | to-infinitive | something | bravely property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
Noun: an open insult or rude act toward someone.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Noun | noun | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 insult | punct |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 insult | det |
| 4 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 insult | amod |
| 5 | insult | insult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Noun | appos |
| 6 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 act | cc |
| 7 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 act | amod |
| 8 | act | act | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 insult | conj |
| 9 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 10 someone | case |
| 10 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 act | nmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Noun | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
Do not affront these dangers.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Do | do | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 affront | advmod |
| 3 | affront | affront | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Do | obj |
| 4 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 dangers | det |
| 5 | dangers | danger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Do | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Do | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | imperative | you not said here | affront | tree rules |
Example 2
The vizir hid the affront they had received.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 vizir | det |
| 2 | vizir | vizir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hid | nsubj |
| 3 | hid | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 affront | det |
| 5 | affront | affront | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hid | obj |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 received | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 received | aux |
| 8 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 affront | acl:relcl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hid | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | past | the vizir | the affront | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent affront=Patient | ||||
| 2 | receive | past · perfect | they | the affront not said here | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent affront=Theme |
Example 3
His rude words affronted the whole court.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 words | nmod:poss |
| 2 | rude | rude | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 words | amod |
| 3 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 affronted | nsubj |
| 4 | affronted | affront | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 court | det |
| 6 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 court | amod |
| 7 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 affronted | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 affronted | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | affront | past | His rude words | the whole court | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus court=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | word | His = he | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/A/affront/