algorithm Who acts: algorithm, step instructions, computer program, you, robot, Long division · What happens: be, solve, do, step, follow, sort · To what, where: list, problem, task, set, computing, rules
«algorithm» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: algorithm in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An algorithm is a list of clear, step-by-step instructions for solving a problem or doing a task.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det case nmod punct conj punct case punct compound nmod mark acl det obj cc conj det obj punct root An DET algorithm NOUN is AUX a DET list NOUN of ADP clear ADJ , PUNCT step NOUN - PUNCT by ADP - PUNCT step NOUN instructions NOUN for SCONJ solving VERB a DET problem NOUN or CCONJ doing VERB a DET task NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 algorithm det 2 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 5 list nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 list cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 list det 5 list list NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 clear case 7 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 5 list nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 step punct 9 step step NOUN Number=Sing 5 list conj 10 - - PUNCT _ 11 by punct 11 by by ADP _ 14 instructions case 12 - - PUNCT _ 11 by punct 13 step step NOUN Number=Sing 14 instructions compound 14 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 9 step nmod 15 for for SCONJ _ 16 solving mark 16 solving solve VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 instructions acl 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 problem det 18 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 16 solving obj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 doing cc 20 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 solving conj 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 task det 22 task task NOUN Number=Sing 20 doing obj 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 list punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a algorithm a list and step by step instructions of clear tree rules 2 solve gerund step instructions not said here a problem vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Topic 3 do gerund step instructions not said here a task vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent task=Eventuality 4 step step instructions nom step «act transitive»: by=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In computing, an algorithm is the set of rules a computer program follows, for example to sort a list or to choose what videos to show you.
The tree, 27 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det case nmod det compound nsubj acl:relcl punct case parataxis mark acl det obj cc mark conj nsubj obj mark xcomp iobj punct root In ADP computing NOUN , PUNCT an DET algorithm NOUN is AUX the DET set NOUN of ADP rules NOUN a DET computer NOUN program NOUN follows VERB , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN to PART sort VERB a DET list NOUN or CCONJ to PART choose VERB what PRON videos NOUN to PART show VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 computing case 2 computing computing NOUN Number=Sing 8 set obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 computing punct 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 algorithm det 5 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 8 set nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 set cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 set det 8 set set NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 rules case 10 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 8 set nmod 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 program det 12 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 13 program compound 13 program program NOUN Number=Sing 14 follows nsubj 14 follows follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 rules acl:relcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 example punct 16 for for ADP _ 17 example case 17 example example NOUN Number=Sing 8 set parataxis 18 to to PART _ 19 sort mark 19 sort sort VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 example acl 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 list det 21 list list NOUN Number=Sing 19 sort obj 22 or or CCONJ _ 24 choose cc 23 to to PART _ 24 choose mark 24 choose choose VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 sort conj 25 what what PRON PronType=Int 26 videos nsubj 26 videos video NOUN Number=Plur 24 choose obj 27 to to PART _ 28 show mark 28 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 24 choose xcomp 29 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 28 show iobj 30 . . PUNCT _ 8 set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a algorithm the set computing of rules tree rules 2 follow present a computer program rules not said here vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme 3 sort to-infinitive a algorithm not said here a list vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent list=Theme 4 choose to-infinitive a algorithm not said here tree rules 5 video tree rules 6 show to-infinitive a algorithm not said here you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient
Example 1 Write an algorithm for making a cup of tea.
det obj mark advcl det obj case nmod punct root Write VERB an DET algorithm NOUN for SCONJ making VERB a DET cup NOUN of ADP tea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 algorithm det 3 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 for for SCONJ _ 5 making mark 5 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Write advcl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cup det 7 cup cup NOUN Number=Sing 5 making obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 tea case 9 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 7 cup nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here a algorithm vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent algorithm=Theme 2 make gerund you not said here a cup of tea vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cup=Product
Example 2 An algorithm must be precise, or the robot gets confused.
det nsubj aux cop punct cc det nsubj conj xcomp punct root An DET algorithm NOUN must AUX be AUX precise ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET robot NOUN gets VERB confused ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 algorithm det 2 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 5 precise nsubj 3 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 precise aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 precise cop 5 precise precise ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 gets punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 10 gets cc 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 robot det 9 robot robot NOUN Number=Sing 10 gets nsubj 10 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 precise conj 11 confused confused ADJ Degree=Pos 10 gets xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 precise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is must a algorithm precise property tree rules 2 get present the robot confused property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 Long division is an algorithm for dividing big numbers.
amod nsubj cop det mark acl amod obj punct root Long ADJ division NOUN is AUX an DET algorithm NOUN for SCONJ dividing VERB big ADJ numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Long long ADJ Degree=Pos 2 division amod 2 division division NOUN Number=Sing 5 algorithm nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 algorithm cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 algorithm det 5 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for SCONJ _ 7 dividing mark 7 dividing divide VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 algorithm acl 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 numbers amod 9 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 7 dividing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 algorithm punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Long division a algorithm tree rules 2 divide gerund a algorithm not said here big numbers vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme
Example 4 The video app's algorithm suggests new videos.
det compound nmod:poss case nsubj amod obj punct root The DET video NOUN app NOUN 's PART algorithm NOUN suggests VERB new ADJ videos NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 app det 2 video video NOUN Number=Sing 3 app compound 3 app app NOUN Number=Sing 5 algorithm nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 app case 5 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 6 suggests nsubj 6 suggests suggest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 8 videos amod 8 videos video NOUN Number=Plur 6 suggests obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 suggests punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suggest speech: suggest present the video app's algorithm new videos vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent video=Topic
Example 5 We debugged our algorithm because the steps were in the wrong order.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark det nsubj cop case det amod advcl punct root We PRON debugged VERB our PRON algorithm NOUN because SCONJ the DET steps NOUN were AUX in ADP the DET wrong ADJ order NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 debugged nsubj 2 debugged debug VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 algorithm nmod:poss 4 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 2 debugged obj 5 because because SCONJ _ 12 order mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 steps det 7 steps step NOUN Number=Plur 12 order nsubj 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 order cop 9 in in ADP _ 12 order case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 order det 11 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 12 order amod 12 order order NOUN Number=Sing 2 debugged advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 debugged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 debug past We our algorithm vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent algorithm=Source 2 is past the steps the wrong order tree rules
Example 6 A sorting algorithm puts numbers in order from smallest to largest.
det compound nsubj obj case obl case obl case nmod punct root A DET sorting NOUN algorithm NOUN puts VERB numbers NOUN in ADP order NOUN from ADP smallest ADJ to ADP largest ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 algorithm det 2 sorting sorting NOUN Number=Sing 3 algorithm compound 3 algorithm algorithm NOUN Number=Sing 4 puts nsubj 4 puts put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 4 puts obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 order case 7 order order NOUN Number=Sing 4 puts obl 8 from from ADP _ 9 smallest case 9 smallest small ADJ Degree=Sup 4 puts obl 10 to to ADP _ 11 largest case 11 largest large ADJ Degree=Sup 9 smallest nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 puts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put present a sorting algorithm numbers order from smallest to largest vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent number=Theme in order=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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