allow Who acts: someone, bridge, you, we, Mum, ramp · What happens: let, do, give, make, plan, keep · To what, where: someone, something, permission, it, Dogs, people
«allow» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: allow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To let someone do something; to give permission.
mark obj xcomp obj punct mark conj obj punct root To PART let VERB someone PRON do VERB something PRON ; PUNCT to PART give VERB permission NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 let mark 2 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 let obj 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 let xcomp 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 do obj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 give punct 7 to to PART _ 8 give mark 8 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 let conj 9 permission permission NOUN Number=Sing 8 give obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 do infinitive someone not said here something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 3 give to-infinitive permission vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent permission=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Dogs are not allowed."
punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct punct root " PUNCT Dogs NOUN are AUX not PART allowed VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 allowed punct 2 Dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 5 allowed nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 allowed aux:pass 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 allowed advmod 5 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 allowed punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not allow in a quote present · passive Dogs vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Meaning 2 To make it possible.
mark obj xcomp punct root To PART make VERB it PRON possible ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 make obj 4 possible possible ADJ Degree=Pos 2 make xcomp 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive it possible property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The bridge allows people to cross."
punct det nsubj obj mark advcl punct punct root " PUNCT The DET bridge NOUN allows VERB people NOUN to PART cross VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 allows punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bridge det 3 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 4 allows nsubj 4 allows allow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 allows obj 6 to to PART _ 7 cross mark 7 cross cross VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 allows advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 allows punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 4 allows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow in a quote present the bridge people vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Beneficiary 2 cross in a quote to-infinitive the bridge not said here vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 To plan or keep time, money or space for something.
mark cc conj obj punct conj cc conj case obl punct root To PART plan VERB or CCONJ keep VERB time NOUN , PUNCT money NOUN or CCONJ space NOUN for ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 plan mark 2 plan plan VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 keep cc 4 keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 plan conj 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing 4 keep obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 money punct 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 time conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 space cc 9 space space NOUN Number=Sing 5 time conj 10 for for ADP _ 11 something case 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 keep obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 plan punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plan to-infinitive vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 2 keep infinitive time for something vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Allow ten minutes to walk."
punct nummod obl:unmarked mark xcomp punct punct root " PUNCT Allow VERB ten NUM minutes NOUN to PART walk VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Allow punct 2 Allow allow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 minutes nummod 4 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 2 Allow obl:unmarked 5 to to PART _ 6 walk mark 6 walk walk VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 Allow xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 Allow punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 2 Allow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow in a quote imperative you not said here minute vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality 2 walk not said to happen, in a quote to-infinitive you not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Are we allowed to eat in class?
aux:pass nsubj:pass mark xcomp case obl punct root Are AUX we PRON allowed VERB to PART eat VERB in ADP class NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 allowed aux:pass 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 allowed nsubj:pass 3 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 eat mark 5 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 allowed xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 7 class case 7 class class NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat obl 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow present · passive we vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality 2 eat not said to happen to-infinitive we not said here class vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Dogs are not allowed in the shop.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl punct root Dogs NOUN are AUX not PART allowed VERB in ADP the DET shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 4 allowed nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 allowed aux:pass 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 allowed advmod 4 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 shop case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shop det 7 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 allowed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not allow present · passive Dogs the shop vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Example 3 Mum allowed me to stay up late.
nsubj iobj mark xcomp compound:prt advmod punct root Mum NOUN allowed VERB me PRON to PART stay VERB up ADP late ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 allowed nsubj 2 allowed allow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 allowed iobj 4 to to PART _ 5 stay mark 5 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 allowed xcomp 6 up up ADP _ 5 stay compound:prt 7 late late ADV Degree=Pos 5 stay advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow past Mum me vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer i=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality 2 stay up not said to happen to-infinitive Mum not said here late property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Allow twenty minutes for the cake to cool.
nummod obl:unmarked case det obl mark advcl punct root Allow VERB twenty NUM minutes NOUN for ADP the DET cake NOUN to PART cool VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Allow allow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 twenty twenty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 minutes nummod 3 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 1 Allow obl:unmarked 4 for for ADP _ 6 cake case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cake det 6 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 1 Allow obl 7 to to PART _ 8 cool mark 8 cool cool VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Allow advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Allow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow imperative you not said here minute for the cake goal vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for cake=Goal 2 cool to-infinitive you not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 The ramp allows wheelchairs to get in.
det nsubj obj mark advcl advmod punct root The DET ramp NOUN allows VERB wheelchairs NOUN to PART get VERB in ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ramp det 2 ramp ramp NOUN Number=Sing 3 allows nsubj 3 allows allow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 wheelchairs wheelchair NOUN Number=Plur 3 allows obj 5 to to PART _ 6 get mark 6 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 allows advcl 7 in in ADV _ 6 get advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 allows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow present the ramp wheelchairs vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheelchair=Beneficiary 2 get in to-infinitive the ramp not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 No running is allowed by the pool.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root No DET running NOUN is AUX allowed VERB by ADP the DET pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no DET PronType=Neg 2 running det 2 running running NOUN Number=Sing 4 allowed nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 allowed aux:pass 4 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 7 pool case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pool det 7 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 4 allowed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow present · passive the pool no running vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary
Example 7 Allow for traffic when you plan.
case obl advmod nsubj advcl punct root Allow VERB for ADP traffic NOUN when ADV you PRON plan VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Allow allow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 for for ADP _ 3 traffic case 3 traffic traffic NOUN Number=Sing 1 Allow obl 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 plan advmod 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 plan nsubj 6 plan plan VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Allow advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Allow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow imperative you not said here for traffic goal vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for traffic=Goal 2 plan present you vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Phones are not allowed during the test.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl punct root Phones NOUN are AUX not PART allowed VERB during ADP the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 4 allowed nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 allowed aux:pass 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 allowed advmod 4 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 during during ADP _ 7 test case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 test det 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing 4 allowed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not allow present · passive Phones during the test vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Example 9 Will you allow me to go with you?”
aux nsubj iobj mark xcomp case obl punct punct root Will AUX you PRON allow VERB me PRON to PART go VERB with ADP you PRON ? PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 allow aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 allow nsubj 3 allow allow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 allow iobj 5 to to PART _ 6 go mark 6 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 allow xcomp 7 with with ADP _ 8 you case 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 go obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 allow punct 10 ” " PUNCT _ 3 allow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 allow future you me vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer i=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality 2 go not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here with you vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with you=Beneficiary
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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