alter Who acts: something, it, We, our, Grandma, trousers · What happens: alter, be, become, fit, shorten, have · To what, where: something, clothes, plans, school trousers, shape, road
«alter» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: alter in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To alter something is to change it, usually a little.
mark csubj obj cop mark obj punct advmod det conj punct root To PART alter VERB something PRON is AUX to PART change VERB it PRON , PUNCT usually ADV a DET little ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 alter mark 2 alter alter VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 change csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 alter obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 change cop 5 to to PART _ 6 change mark 6 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 change obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 little punct 9 usually usually ADV _ 11 little advmod 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 little det 11 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 change conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter to-infinitive something vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 is present change property tree rules 3 be usually property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 If something alters, it becomes different.
mark nsubj advcl punct nsubj xcomp punct root If SCONJ something PRON alters VERB , PUNCT it PRON becomes VERB different ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 alters mark 2 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 alters nsubj 3 alters alter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 becomes advcl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 alters punct 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 becomes nsubj 6 becomes become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 6 becomes xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 becomes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter a condition, not said to happen present something vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 become present it different property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 To alter clothes is to make them fit better, for example by shortening them.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj obj cop mark obj xcomp advmod punct case obl mark advcl obj punct root To PART alter VERB clothes NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB them PRON fit VERB better ADV , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN by SCONJ shortening VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 alter mark 2 alter alter VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make csubj 3 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 2 alter obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 make cop 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 make obj 8 fit fit VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 make xcomp 9 better well ADV Degree=Cmp 8 fit advmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 example punct 11 for for ADP _ 12 example case 12 example example NOUN Number=Sing 8 fit obl 13 by by SCONJ _ 14 shortening mark 14 shortening shorten VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 fit advcl 15 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 shortening obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter to-infinitive clothes vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient 2 is present make property tree rules 3 fit infinitive for example; well property vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 4 shorten gerund clothes vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Example 1 We had to alter our plans because of the rain.
nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case fixed det obl punct root We PRON had VERB to PART alter VERB our PRON plans NOUN because ADP of ADP the DET rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 alter mark 4 alter alter VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 had xcomp 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 plans nmod:poss 6 plans plan NOUN Number=Plur 4 alter obj 7 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 10 rain case 8 of of ADP _ 7 because fixed 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rain det 10 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 4 alter obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We tree rules 2 alter to-infinitive We not said here our plans because the rain vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent plan=Patient 3 plan our nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 Grandma altered my school trousers so they fit.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj advmod nsubj advcl punct root Grandma NOUN altered VERB my PRON school NOUN trousers NOUN so ADV they PRON fit VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 altered nsubj 2 altered alter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 trousers nmod:poss 4 school school NOUN Number=Sing 5 trousers compound 5 trousers trousers NOUN Number=Plur 2 altered obj 6 so so ADV _ 8 fit advmod 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 fit nsubj 8 fit fit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 altered advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 altered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter past Grandma my school trousers vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent trousers=Patient 2 fit present trousers vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Heating can alter the shape of chocolate.
nsubj aux det obj case nmod punct root Heating NOUN can AUX alter VERB the DET shape NOUN of ADP chocolate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Heating heating NOUN Number=Sing 3 alter nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 alter aux 3 alter alter VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 shape det 5 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 3 alter obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 chocolate case 7 chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 5 shape nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 alter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter can Heating the shape of chocolate vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
Example 4 The road was altered to make room for a cycle lane.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl obj case det compound nmod punct root The DET road NOUN was AUX altered VERB to PART make VERB room NOUN for ADP a DET cycle NOUN lane NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 road det 2 road road NOUN Number=Sing 4 altered nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 altered aux:pass 4 altered alter VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 make mark 6 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 altered advcl 7 room room NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obj 8 for for ADP _ 11 lane case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 lane det 10 cycle cycle NOUN Number=Sing 11 lane compound 11 lane lane NOUN Number=Sing 7 room nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 altered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter past · passive the road vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient 2 make to-infinitive room for a cycle lane vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent room=Product for lane=Asset
Example 5 If you alter one number in the sum, the total changes.
mark nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct det amod conj punct root If SCONJ you PRON alter VERB one NUM number NOUN in ADP the DET sum NOUN , PUNCT the DET total ADJ changes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 alter mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 alter nsubj 3 alter alter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 number nummod 5 number number NOUN Number=Sing 3 alter obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 sum case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sum det 8 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 3 alter obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 changes punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 changes det 11 total total ADJ Degree=Pos 12 changes amod 12 changes change NOUN Number=Plur 8 sum conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 alter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter present you one number the sum and the total changes vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent number=Patient
Example 6 Nothing can alter the fact that we lost.
nsubj aux det obj mark nsubj acl punct root Nothing PRON can AUX alter VERB the DET fact NOUN that SCONJ we PRON lost VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 3 alter nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 alter aux 3 alter alter VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fact det 5 fact fact NOUN Number=Sing 3 alter obj 6 that that SCONJ _ 8 lost mark 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 lost nsubj 8 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 fact acl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 alter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter can Nothing the fact vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fact=Patient 2 lose past we the fact not said here vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Eventuality
Example 7 The caterpillar's body altered completely inside the cocoon.
det nmod:poss case nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET caterpillar NOUN 's PART body NOUN altered VERB completely ADV inside ADP the DET cocoon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 caterpillar det 2 caterpillar caterpillar NOUN Number=Sing 4 body nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 caterpillar case 4 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 altered nsubj 5 altered alter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 completely completely ADV _ 5 altered advmod 7 inside inside ADP _ 9 cocoon case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 cocoon det 9 cocoon cocoon NOUN Number=Sing 5 altered obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 altered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter past the caterpillar's body the cocoon completely property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 Thus may circumstances alter the course of a man's life!
advmod aux nsubj det obj case det nmod:poss case nmod punct root Thus ADV may AUX circumstances NOUN alter VERB the DET course NOUN of ADP a DET man NOUN 's PART life NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thus thus ADV _ 4 alter advmod 2 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 alter aux 3 circumstances circumstance NOUN Number=Plur 4 alter nsubj 4 alter alter VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 course det 6 course course NOUN Number=Sing 4 alter obj 7 of of ADP _ 11 life case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 man det 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 11 life nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 man case 11 life life NOUN Number=Sing 6 course nmod 12 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 alter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 alter may circumstances the course of a man's life thus property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent course=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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