ambush Who acts: ambush, people, soldiers, crocodile, ambush hunter, little sisters · What happens: be, hide, wait, ambush, mean, attack · To what, where: surprise attack, someone, them, ambush, ambush hunter, water · Speech: someone speaks here
«ambush» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ambush in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An ambush is a surprise attack by people or animals who have been hiding and waiting.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det compound case nmod cc conj nsubj aux aux acl:relcl cc conj punct root An DET ambush NOUN is AUX a DET surprise NOUN attack NOUN by ADP people NOUN or CCONJ animals NOUN who PRON have AUX been AUX hiding VERB and CCONJ waiting VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ambush det 2 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 6 attack nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 attack cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 attack det 5 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 6 attack compound 6 attack attack NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 by by ADP _ 8 people case 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 attack nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 animals cc 10 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 8 people conj 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 hiding nsubj 12 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 hiding aux 13 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 14 hiding aux 14 hiding hide VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 people acl:relcl 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 waiting cc 16 waiting wait VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 hiding conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 attack punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ambush a surprise attack by people or animals tree rules 2 hide present · perfect · progressive people or animals vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 wait gerund people or animals not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To ambush someone means to hide and then attack them by surprise.
mark csubj obj mark xcomp cc advmod conj obj case obl punct root To PART ambush VERB someone PRON means VERB to PART hide VERB and CCONJ then ADV attack VERB them PRON by ADP surprise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ambush mark 2 ambush ambush VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ambush obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 hide mark 6 hide hide VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 attack cc 8 then then ADV PronType=Dem 9 attack advmod 9 attack attack VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hide conj 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 attack obj 11 by by ADP _ 12 surprise case 12 surprise surprise NOUN Number=Sing 9 attack obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ambush to-infinitive someone vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 hide not said to happen to-infinitive vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 attack infinitive them = they then by surprise vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
To ambush someone can mean to surprise them with difficult questions or a sudden request.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj obj aux mark xcomp obj case amod obl cc det amod conj punct root To PART ambush VERB someone PRON can AUX mean VERB to PART surprise VERB them PRON with ADP difficult ADJ questions NOUN or CCONJ a DET sudden ADJ request NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ambush mark 2 ambush ambush VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 mean csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ambush obj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 7 surprise mark 7 surprise surprise VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 mean xcomp 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 surprise obj 9 with with ADP _ 11 questions case 10 difficult difficult ADJ Degree=Pos 11 questions amod 11 questions question NOUN Number=Plur 7 surprise obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 15 request cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 request det 14 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 15 request amod 15 request request NOUN Number=Sing 11 questions conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ambush to-infinitive someone vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 surprise not said to happen to-infinitive them = they with difficult questions or a sudden request vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer
Example 1 The soldiers walked straight into an ambush.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET soldiers NOUN walked VERB straight ADV into ADP an DET ambush NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 soldiers det 2 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 3 walked nsubj 3 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 straight straight ADV _ 7 ambush advmod 5 into into ADP _ 7 ambush case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ambush det 7 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 3 walked obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past the soldiers into a ambush result vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into ambush=Result
Example 2 The crocodile is an ambush hunter that waits in the water.
det nsubj cop det compound nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root The DET crocodile NOUN is AUX an DET ambush NOUN hunter NOUN that PRON waits VERB in ADP the DET water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 crocodile det 2 crocodile crocodile NOUN Number=Sing 6 hunter nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 hunter cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 hunter det 5 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 6 hunter compound 6 hunter hunter NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 waits nsubj 8 waits wait VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 hunter acl:relcl 9 in in ADP _ 11 water case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 water det 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 8 waits obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 hunter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the crocodile a ambush hunter tree rules 2 wait present a ambush hunter the water vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location
Example 3 My little sisters ambushed me with water pistols.
nmod:poss amod nsubj obj case compound obl punct root My PRON little ADJ sisters NOUN ambushed VERB me PRON with ADP water NOUN pistols NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 sisters nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sisters amod 3 sisters sister NOUN Number=Plur 4 ambushed nsubj 4 ambushed ambush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 ambushed obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 pistols case 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 8 pistols compound 8 pistols pistol NOUN Number=Plur 4 ambushed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 ambushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ambush past My little sisters me with water pistols vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient
Example 4 The robbers lay in ambush beside the road.
det nsubj case obl case det obl punct root The DET robbers NOUN lay VERB in ADP ambush NOUN beside ADP the DET road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 robbers det 2 robbers robber NOUN Number=Plur 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 ambush case 5 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 6 beside beside ADP _ 8 road case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 road det 8 road road NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay present the robbers ambush beside the road vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in ambush=Destination
Example 5 The journalist ambushed the minister with a tricky question.
det nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root The DET journalist NOUN ambushed VERB the DET minister NOUN with ADP a DET tricky ADJ question NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 journalist det 2 journalist journalist NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed nsubj 3 ambushed ambush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 minister det 5 minister minister NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed obj 6 with with ADP _ 9 question case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 question det 8 tricky tricky ADJ Degree=Pos 9 question amod 9 question question NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 ambushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ambush past the journalist the minister with a tricky question vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minister=Patient
Example 6 In the game, we set an ambush behind the castle wall.
case det obl punct nsubj det obj case det compound nmod punct root In ADP the DET game NOUN , PUNCT we PRON set VERB an DET ambush NOUN behind ADP the DET castle NOUN wall NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 game case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 game det 3 game game NOUN Number=Sing 6 set obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 game punct 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 set nsubj 6 set set VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 ambush det 8 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 6 set obj 9 behind behind ADP _ 12 wall case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 wall det 11 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 12 wall compound 12 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 8 ambush nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set present we a ambush the game behind the castle wall vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ambush=Theme in game=Destination
Example 7 The spider ambushed the fly from under a leaf.
det nsubj det obj case case det obl punct root The DET spider NOUN ambushed VERB the DET fly NOUN from ADP under ADP a DET leaf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 spider det 2 spider spider NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed nsubj 3 ambushed ambush VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fly det 5 fly fly NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed obj 6 from from ADP _ 9 leaf case 7 under under ADP _ 9 leaf case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 leaf det 9 leaf leaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 ambushed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 ambushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ambush past the spider the fly a leaf vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Patient
Example 8 A Lion lay in ambush in the hope of making them his prey, but was afraid to attack them while they kept together.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj case obl case det obl mark acl obj nmod:poss obj punct cc cop advcl mark xcomp obj mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root A DET Lion NOUN lay VERB in ADP ambush NOUN in ADP the DET hope NOUN of SCONJ making VERB them PRON his PRON prey NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ was AUX afraid ADJ to PART attack VERB them PRON while SCONJ they PRON kept VERB together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Lion det 2 Lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 ambush case 5 ambush ambush NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 hope case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hope det 8 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 9 of of SCONJ _ 10 making mark 10 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 hope acl 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 making obj 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 prey nmod:poss 13 prey prey NOUN Number=Sing 10 making obj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 afraid punct 15 but but CCONJ _ 17 afraid cc 16 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 17 afraid cop 17 afraid afraid ADJ Degree=Pos 3 lay advcl 18 to to PART _ 19 attack mark 19 attack attack VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 afraid xcomp 20 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 attack obj 21 while while SCONJ _ 23 kept mark 22 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 kept nsubj 23 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 attack advcl 24 together together ADV _ 23 kept advmod 25 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past a Lion ambush in the hope vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ambush=Location 2 make gerund the hope not said here them = they vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary prey=Product 3 is past a Lion not said here afraid property tree rules 4 attack to-infinitive a Lion not said here them = they vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient 5 keep together past they together property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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