animal Who acts: animal, living thing, zoo, 6 cows, many animals, farmer · What happens: be, move, eat, mean, have, sell · To what, where: living thing, mammal, 45 animals, 3 pounds, 12, animal
«animal» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: animal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An animal is a living thing that can move and eat, like a dog, a bird or a fish.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod nsubj aux acl:relcl cc conj punct case det obl punct det conj cc det conj punct root An DET animal NOUN is AUX a DET living ADJ thing NOUN that PRON can AUX move VERB and CCONJ eat VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET dog NOUN , PUNCT a DET bird NOUN or CCONJ a DET fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 animal det 2 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 6 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 thing det 5 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thing amod 6 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 move nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 move aux 9 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 thing acl:relcl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 eat cc 11 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 move conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 dog punct 13 like like ADP _ 15 dog case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 dog det 15 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 9 move obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 bird punct 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 bird det 18 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 15 dog conj 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 fish cc 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 fish det 21 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 15 dog conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 thing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a animal a living thing tree rules 2 move can a living thing like a dog and a bird or a fish vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 eat infinitive a living thing not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In everyday talk, animal often means a mammal or a beast, not a person or an insect.
The tree, 17 words case amod obl punct nsubj advmod det obj cc det conj punct advmod det appos cc det conj punct root In ADP everyday ADJ talk NOUN , PUNCT animal NOUN often ADV means VERB a DET mammal NOUN or CCONJ a DET beast NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET person NOUN or CCONJ an DET insect NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 talk case 2 everyday everyday ADJ Degree=Pos 3 talk amod 3 talk talk NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 talk punct 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 means nsubj 6 often often ADV _ 7 means advmod 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mammal det 9 mammal mammal NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obj 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 beast cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 beast det 12 beast beast NOUN Number=Sing 9 mammal conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 person punct 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 person advmod 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 person det 16 person person NOUN Number=Sing 12 beast appos 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 insect cc 18 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 insect det 19 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing 16 person conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present animal a mammal or a beast in everyday talk; often property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot mammal=Theme in talk=Attribute
Meaning 3 Animal as an adjective means about animals: «animal tracks».
nsubj case det nmod case obl punct punct compound parataxis punct punct root Animal NOUN as ADP an DET adjective NOUN means VERB about ADP animals NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT animal NOUN tracks NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 2 as as ADP _ 4 adjective case 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 adjective det 4 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 1 Animal nmod 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 about about ADP _ 7 animals case 7 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 means obl 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 tracks punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 11 tracks punct 10 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 11 tracks compound 11 tracks track NOUN Number=Plur 5 means parataxis 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 tracks punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Animal as a adjective about animals vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 1 The zoo has 45 animals.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET zoo NOUN has VERB 45 NUM animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 zoo det 2 zoo zoo NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 45 45 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 animals nummod 5 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the zoo 45 animals vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient
Example 2 There are 6 cows and 4 pigs; how many animals are there?
expl nummod nsubj cc nummod conj punct advmod amod nsubj cop conj punct root There PRON are VERB 6 NUM cows NOUN and CCONJ 4 NUM pigs NOUN ; PUNCT how ADV many ADJ animals NOUN are AUX there ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cows nummod 4 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 pigs cc 6 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 pigs nummod 7 pigs pig NOUN Number=Plur 4 cows conj 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 13 there punct 9 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 many advmod 10 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 11 animals amod 11 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 13 there nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 there cop 13 there there ADV PronType=Dem 2 are conj 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 6 cows and 4 pigs there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present many animals there property tree rules
Example 3 Each animal eats 3 pounds of food.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root Each DET animal NOUN eats VERB 3 NUM pounds NOUN of ADP food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 animal det 2 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 3 eats nsubj 3 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pounds nummod 5 pounds pound NOUN Number=Plur 3 eats obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 food case 7 food food NOUN Number=Sing 5 pounds nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 eats punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present each animal 3 pounds of food vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Patient
Example 4 The farmer sold 12 of his animals.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET farmer NOUN sold VERB 12 NUM of ADP his PRON animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold nsubj 3 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 sold obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 animals case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 animals nmod:poss 7 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 12 nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past the farmer 12 of farmer's animals vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 12=Theme
Example 5 A whale is an animal, not a fish.
det nsubj cop det punct advmod det conj punct root A DET whale NOUN is AUX an DET animal NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 whale det 2 whale whale NOUN Number=Sing 5 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 animal cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 animal det 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 fish punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 fish advmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 fish det 9 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 5 animal conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a whale a animal and a fish tree rules
Example 6 Wild animals live in forests and jungles.
amod nsubj case obl cc conj punct root Wild ADJ animals NOUN live VERB in ADP forests NOUN and CCONJ jungles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 2 animals amod 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 forests case 5 forests forest NOUN Number=Plur 3 live obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 jungles cc 7 jungles jungle NOUN Number=Plur 5 forests conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Wild animals forests and jungles vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location
Example 7 Be gentle with animals and never pull their tails.
cop case obl cc advmod conj nmod:poss obj punct root Be AUX gentle ADJ with ADP animals NOUN and CCONJ never ADV pull VERB their PRON tails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 gentle cop 2 gentle gentle ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 animals case 4 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 2 gentle obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 pull cc 6 never never ADV PronType=Neg 7 pull advmod 7 pull pull VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 gentle conj 8 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 tails nmod:poss 9 tails tail NOUN Number=Plur 7 pull obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 gentle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here with animals; gentle property tree rules 2 not pull infinitive you not said here animals's tails vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme
Example 8 Do not feed wild animals at the park.
aux advmod amod obj case det obl punct root Do AUX not PART feed VERB wild ADJ animals NOUN at ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 feed aux 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 feed advmod 3 feed feed VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 5 animals amod 5 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 feed obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 park case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 park det 8 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 feed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 feed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not feed imperative · do-support you not said here wild animals the park vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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