astronomy Who acts: science, Astronomy, I, Galileo, sailors, big sister · What happens: study, be, join, see, make, help · To what, where: stars, study, astronomy club, rings, important discoveries, astronomy
«astronomy» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: astronomy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The science that studies the stars, planets, moons, comets, galaxies and everything else in space.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj nsubj det obj punct conj punct conj punct conj punct conj cc conj advmod case nmod punct root The DET science NOUN that PRON studies VERB the DET stars NOUN , PUNCT planets NOUN , PUNCT moons NOUN , PUNCT comets NOUN , PUNCT galaxies NOUN and CCONJ everything PRON else ADV in ADP space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 science det 2 science science NOUN Number=Sing 4 studies nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 studies nsubj 4 studies study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stars det 6 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 4 studies obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 planets punct 8 planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 6 stars conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 moons punct 10 moons moon NOUN Number=Plur 6 stars conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 comets punct 12 comets comet NOUN Number=Plur 6 stars conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 galaxies punct 14 galaxies galaxy NOUN Number=Plur 6 stars conj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 everything cc 16 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 6 stars conj 17 else else ADV _ 16 everything advmod 18 in in ADP _ 19 space case 19 space space NOUN Number=Sing 16 everything nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 studies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study present the science the stars and planets and moons and comets and galaxies vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Astronomy is the study of space.
nsubj cop det case nmod punct root Astronomy NOUN is AUX the DET study NOUN of ADP space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 4 study nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 study cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 study det 4 study study NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 space case 6 space space NOUN Number=Sing 4 study nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 study punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Astronomy the study of space tree rules
Example 2 I joined the astronomy club and saw Saturn's rings.
nsubj det compound obj cc conj nmod:poss case obj punct root I PRON joined VERB the DET astronomy NOUN club NOUN and CCONJ saw VERB Saturn PROPN 's PART rings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 joined nsubj 2 joined join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 club det 4 astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 5 club compound 5 club club NOUN Number=Sing 2 joined obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 saw cc 7 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 joined conj 8 Saturn Saturn PROPN Number=Sing 10 rings nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 Saturn case 10 rings ring NOUN Number=Plur 7 saw obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 joined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join past I the astronomy club vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent club=Patient 2 see past I not said here Saturn's rings vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ring=Stimulus
Example 3 Galileo made important discoveries in astronomy.
nsubj amod obj case obl punct root Galileo PROPN made VERB important ADJ discoveries NOUN in ADP astronomy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Galileo Galileo PROPN Number=Sing 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 4 discoveries amod 4 discoveries discovery NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 astronomy case 6 astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Galileo important discoveries astronomy vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent discovery=Product
Example 4 Astronomy helped sailors find their way by the stars.
nsubj obj xcomp nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Astronomy NOUN helped VERB sailors NOUN find VERB their PRON way NOUN by ADP the DET stars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 2 helped nsubj 2 helped help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 2 helped obj 4 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 helped xcomp 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 way nmod:poss 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 4 find obj 7 by by ADP _ 9 stars case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 stars det 9 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 4 find obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help past Astronomy sailors vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent sailor=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 find infinitive sailors not said here sailors's way by the stars vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
Example 5 My big sister wants to study astronomy at university.
nmod:poss amod nsubj mark xcomp obj case obl punct root My PRON big ADJ sister NOUN wants VERB to PART study VERB astronomy NOUN at ADP university NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 sister nmod:poss 2 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sister amod 3 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 4 wants nsubj 4 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 study mark 6 study study VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 wants xcomp 7 astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 6 study obj 8 at at ADP _ 9 university case 9 university university NOUN Number=Sing 6 study obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 wants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present My big sister vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 study not said to happen to-infinitive My big sister not said here astronomy university vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent astronomy=Topic
Example 6 Astronomy uses lots of very big numbers.
nsubj obj case advmod amod nmod punct root Astronomy NOUN uses VERB lots NOUN of ADP very ADV big ADJ numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Astronomy astronomy NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses nsubj 2 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 2 uses obj 4 of of ADP _ 7 numbers case 5 very very ADV _ 6 big advmod 6 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 7 numbers amod 7 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 3 lots nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Astronomy lots of big numbers vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient
Example 7 URANIA, the muse of Astronomy, stands erect, and bears in her left hand a celestial globe.
The tree, 16 words nsubj punct det appos case nmod punct xcomp punct cc obl case nmod:poss amod nmod det compound appos punct root URANIA PROPN , PUNCT the DET muse NOUN of ADP Astronomy PROPN , PUNCT stands VERB erect ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ bears NOUN in ADP her PRON left ADJ hand NOUN a DET celestial NOUN globe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 URANIA URANIA PROPN Number=Sing 8 stands nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 muse punct 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 muse det 4 muse muse NOUN Number=Sing 1 URANIA appos 5 of of ADP _ 6 Astronomy case 6 Astronomy Astronomy PROPN Number=Sing 4 muse nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 1 URANIA punct 8 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 erect erect ADJ Degree=Pos 8 stands xcomp 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 bears punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 bears cc 12 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 8 stands obl 13 in in ADP _ 16 hand case 14 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 hand nmod:poss 15 left left ADJ Degree=Pos 16 hand amod 16 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 12 bears nmod 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 globe det 18 celestial celestial NOUN Number=Sing 19 globe compound 19 globe globe NOUN Number=Sing 16 hand appos 20 . . PUNCT _ 8 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present URANIA bears in URANIA's left hand erect property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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