ban Who acts: ban, rule, town, school, They, widow · What happens: ban, be, not allow, stop, do, play · To what, where: something, it, rule, Phones, class, plastic bags · Speech: someone speaks here
«ban» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ban in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To ban something is to officially say that it is not allowed.
mark advcl obj cop mark advmod mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod ccomp punct root To PART ban VERB something PRON is AUX to PART officially ADV say VERB that SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART allowed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 ban mark 2 ban ban VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 say advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 ban obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 say cop 5 to to PART _ 7 say mark 6 officially officially ADV _ 7 say advmod 7 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 that that SCONJ _ 12 allowed mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 allowed nsubj:pass 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 allowed aux:pass 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 allowed advmod 12 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 say ccomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban to-infinitive something vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer something=Theme 2 be speech: assert present officially, say property tree rules 3 not allow present · passive it vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A ban is a rule that stops something from being done.
det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl obj mark aux:pass xcomp punct root A DET ban NOUN is AUX a DET rule NOUN that PRON stops VERB something PRON from SCONJ being AUX done VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 ban det 2 ban ban NOUN Number=Sing 5 rule nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rule det 5 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 stops nsubj 7 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule acl:relcl 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 stops obj 9 from from SCONJ _ 11 done mark 10 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 done aux:pass 11 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 stops xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ban a rule tree rules 2 stop present a rule something tree rules 3 do gerund · passive a rule not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V»
Example 1 Phones are banned in class.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Phones NOUN are AUX banned VERB in ADP class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 3 banned nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 banned aux:pass 3 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 class case 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 banned obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban present · passive Phones class vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 2 The town banned plastic bags.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET town NOUN banned VERB plastic ADJ bags NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 banned nsubj 3 banned ban VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 5 bags amod 5 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 3 banned obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban past the town plastic bags vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer bag=Theme
Example 3 He was banned from playing for two games.
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl case nummod obl punct root He PRON was AUX banned VERB from SCONJ playing VERB for ADP two NUM games NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 banned nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 banned aux:pass 3 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from SCONJ _ 5 playing mark 5 playing play VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 banned advcl 6 for for ADP _ 8 games case 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 games nummod 8 games game NOUN Number=Plur 5 playing obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban past · passive He vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 play gerund for two games vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for game=Eventuality
Example 4 There is a ban on smoking in the park.
expl det nsubj case nmod case det nmod punct root There PRON is VERB a DET ban NOUN on ADP smoking NOUN in ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 is expl 2 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ban det 4 ban ban NOUN Number=Sing 2 is nsubj 5 on on ADP _ 6 smoking case 6 smoking smoking NOUN Number=Sing 4 ban nmod 7 in in ADP _ 9 park case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 park det 9 park park NOUN Number=Sing 6 smoking nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present a ban on smoking in the park there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Ball games are banned on the grass.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root Ball NOUN games NOUN are AUX banned VERB on ADP the DET grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 games compound 2 games game NOUN Number=Plur 4 banned nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 banned aux:pass 4 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 grass case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 grass det 7 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 4 banned obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban present · passive Ball games the grass vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 6 The school banned fizzy drinks.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET school NOUN banned VERB fizzy ADJ drinks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 banned nsubj 3 banned ban VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 fizzy fizzy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 drinks amod 5 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 3 banned obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban past the school fizzy drinks vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer drink=Theme
Example 7 Fishing is banned in this lake.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root Fishing NOUN is AUX banned VERB in ADP this DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fishing fishing NOUN Number=Sing 3 banned nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 banned aux:pass 3 banned ban VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 lake case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 lake det 6 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 3 banned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 banned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ban present · passive Fishing this lake vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 8 They came from Rome with a papal decree--a ban, or bull, against the widow who had dared to offend the pious bishop.
The tree, 23 words nsubj case obl case det amod obl punct det conj punct cc obl punct case det parataxis nsubj aux acl:relcl mark xcomp det amod obj punct root They PRON came VERB from ADP Rome PROPN with ADP a DET papal ADJ decree NOUN -- PUNCT a DET ban NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ bull NOUN , PUNCT against ADP the DET widow NOUN who PRON had AUX dared VERB to PART offend VERB the DET pious ADJ bishop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 came nsubj 2 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 4 Rome case 4 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 2 came obl 5 with with ADP _ 8 decree case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 decree det 7 papal papal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 decree amod 8 decree decree NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 9 -- -- PUNCT _ 11 ban punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 ban det 11 ban ban NOUN Number=Sing 8 decree conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 bull punct 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 bull cc 14 bull bull NOUN Number=Sing 2 came obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 widow punct 16 against against ADP _ 18 widow case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 widow det 18 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 2 came parataxis 19 who who PRON PronType=Rel 21 dared nsubj 20 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 21 dared aux 21 dared dare VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 18 widow acl:relcl 22 to to PART _ 23 offend mark 23 offend offend VERB VerbForm=Inf 21 dared xcomp 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 bishop det 25 pious pious ADJ Degree=Pos 26 bishop amod 26 bishop bishop NOUN Number=Sing 23 offend obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 2 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past They bull Rome with a papal decree and a ban vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from rome=Initial_Location 2 dare past · perfect the widow vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 offend to-infinitive the widow not said here the pious bishop vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bishop=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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