barren

Who acts: Nothing, Arctic tundra, barren tree, Sarah, land, talks · What happens: grow, have, not produce, give, look, be · To what, where: plants, babies, barren hillside, apples, Bible, Isaac

«barren» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: barren in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Of land: too poor to grow plants or crops; bare and empty: a barren desert.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	2 land	case
2	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 desert	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 poor	punct
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 poor	advmod
5	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 land	amod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 grow	mark
7	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 poor	advcl
8	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grow	obj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 crops	cc
10	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 plants	conj
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 bare	punct
12	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 poor	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 empty	cc
14	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 poor	conj
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 desert	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 desert	det
17	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 desert	amod
18	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	18 desert	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	to-infinitive		plants or crops					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: old, also Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

Of a woman or animal: not able to have babies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 woman	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 woman	det
3	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 able	obl
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 animal	cc
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 woman	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 woman	punct
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 able	advmod
8	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 have	mark
10	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 able	xcomp
11	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 have	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 able	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	to-infinitive		babies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient

Meaning 3

Of a plant or tree: not producing fruit.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 plant	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plant	det
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 tree	cc
5	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plant	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 fruit	punct
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 producing	advmod
8	producing	produce	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 fruit	amod
9	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plant	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 plant	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not produce	gerund							vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

Empty, giving no results: a barren argument.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 results	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 giving	punct
3	giving	give	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 results	amod
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 results	det
5	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 argument	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 argument	det
8	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 argument	amod
9	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 results	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 results	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	gerund							vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 1

Nothing grew on the barren hillside.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 grew	nsubj
2	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 hillside	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 hillside	det
5	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 hillside	amod
6	hillside	hillside	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grew	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 grew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	Nothing			the barren hillside			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on hillside=Location

Example 2

The Arctic tundra looks barren in winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tundra	det
2	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tundra	amod
3	tundra	tundra	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 looks	nsubj
4	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 looks	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 winter	case
7	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 looks	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 looks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	the Arctic tundra				winter	barren property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Example 3

The barren tree gave no apples.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tree	det
2	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tree	amod
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gave	nsubj
4	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 apples	det
6	apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 gave	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the barren tree	no apples					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Theme

Example 4

In the Bible, Sarah was barren until she had Isaac.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Bible	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Bible	det
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 barren	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Bible	punct
5	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 barren	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 barren	cop
7	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 had	mark
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 had	nsubj
10	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 barren	advcl
11	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 had	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 barren	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Sarah			the Bible		barren property	tree rules
2	have	past	Sarah	Isaac					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent isaac=Patient

Example 5

After the fire, the land was barren.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	3 fire	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fire	det
3	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 barren	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 fire	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 land	det
6	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 barren	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 barren	cop
8	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 barren	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the land				after the fire	barren property	tree rules

Example 6

The talks were long and barren.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 talks	det
2	talks	talk	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 long	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 long	cop
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 barren	cc
6	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 long	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 long	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the talks					long property	tree rules
2	be		the talks not said here						tree rules

Example 7

So the brave old horse was turned out to find what he could among the rocks on the barren hill-side.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	7 turned	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 horse	det
3	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 horse	amod
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 horse	amod
5	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turned	nsubj:pass
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 turned	aux:pass
7	turned	turn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	out	out	ADP	_	7 turned	compound:prt
9	to	to	PART	_	10 find	mark
10	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 turned	advcl
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	10 find	obj
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 could	nsubj
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 what	acl:relcl
14	among	among	ADP	_	16 rocks	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 rocks	det
16	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 find	obl
17	on	on	ADP	_	22 side	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 side	det
19	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 side	amod
20	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 side	compound
21	-	-	PUNCT	_	20 hill	punct
22	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 rocks	nmod
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 turned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn out	past · passive		the brave old horse					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	find	to-infinitive						among the rocks on the barren hill side	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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