bear Who acts: bear, teddy bear, bridge, I, 12 teddy bears, Polar bears · What happens: be, bear, mean, carry, hold up, put up · To what, where: big strong animal, soft toy bear, weight, 10 tons, something, fruit · Speech: someone speaks here
«bear» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: bear in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A bear is a big, strong animal with thick fur, like a brown bear, polar bear or black bear.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod case amod nmod punct case det amod parataxis punct amod conj cc amod conj punct root A DET bear NOUN is AUX a DET big ADJ , PUNCT strong ADJ animal NOUN with ADP thick ADJ fur NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET brown ADJ bear NOUN , PUNCT polar ADJ bear NOUN or CCONJ black ADJ bear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bear det 2 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 8 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 animal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 animal det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 8 animal amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 big punct 7 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 8 animal amod 8 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 11 fur case 10 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 11 fur amod 11 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 8 animal nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 bear punct 13 like like ADP _ 16 bear case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 bear det 15 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 16 bear amod 16 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 8 animal parataxis 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 bear punct 18 polar polar ADJ Degree=Pos 19 bear amod 19 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 16 bear conj 20 or or CCONJ _ 22 bear cc 21 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 22 bear amod 22 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 19 bear conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 8 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a bear a big strong animal with thick fur tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A teddy bear is a soft toy bear.
det compound nsubj cop det amod compound punct root A DET teddy NOUN bear NOUN is AUX a DET soft ADJ toy NOUN bear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bear det 2 teddy teddy NOUN Number=Sing 3 bear compound 3 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 8 bear nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 bear cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 bear det 6 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 8 bear amod 7 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 8 bear compound 8 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 bear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a teddy bear a soft toy bear tree rules
Meaning 3 To bear means to carry or hold up a weight: the bridge can bear 10 tons.
The tree, 16 words mark csubj mark xcomp cc conj compound:prt det obj punct det nsubj aux conj nummod obj punct root To PART bear VERB means VERB to PART carry VERB or CCONJ hold VERB up ADP a DET weight NOUN : PUNCT the DET bridge NOUN can AUX bear VERB 10 NUM tons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bear mark 2 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 carry mark 5 carry carry VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 hold cc 7 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 carry conj 8 up up ADP _ 7 hold compound:prt 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 weight det 10 weight weight NOUN Number=Sing 7 hold obj 11 : : PUNCT _ 15 bear punct 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 bridge det 13 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 15 bear nsubj 14 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 bear aux 15 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means conj 16 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 17 tons nummod 17 tons ton NOUN Number=Plur 15 bear obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bear to-infinitive vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 carry not said to happen to-infinitive vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 hold up infinitive a weight vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot weight=Theme 5 bear can the bridge 10 tons vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Patient
Meaning 4 To bear something also means to put up with it.
mark csubj obj advmod mark xcomp compound:prt case obl punct root To PART bear VERB something PRON also ADV means VERB to PART put VERB up ADP with ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bear mark 2 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 bear obj 4 also also ADV _ 2 bear advmod 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 put mark 7 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means xcomp 8 up up ADP _ 7 put compound:prt 9 with with ADP _ 10 it case 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 put obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bear to-infinitive something vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 put up not said to happen to-infinitive with it vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
I cannot bear the noise.
nsubj aux advmod det obj punct root I PRON can AUX not PART bear VERB the DET noise NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 bear nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 bear aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bear advmod 4 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 noise det 6 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 4 bear obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 bear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not bear can I the noise vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent noise=Patient
Meaning 5 To bear fruit is to grow fruit.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj punct root To PART bear VERB fruit NOUN is AUX to PART grow VERB fruit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 bear mark 2 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 grow advcl 3 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 2 bear obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 grow cop 5 to to PART _ 6 grow mark 6 grow grow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 6 grow obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bear to-infinitive fruit vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient 2 is present grow property tree rules
Example 1 There are 12 teddy bears on the shelf.
expl nummod compound nsubj case det nmod punct root There PRON are VERB 12 NUM teddy NOUN bears NOUN on ADP the DET shelf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 bears nummod 4 teddy teddy NOUN Number=Sing 5 bears compound 5 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 6 on on ADP _ 8 shelf case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 shelf det 8 shelf shelf NOUN Number=Sing 5 bears nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 12 teddy bears on the shelf there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 A bear ate 6 fish.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET bear NOUN ate VERB 6 NUM fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bear det 2 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 3 ate nsubj 3 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 fish nummod 5 fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 3 ate obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past a bear 6 fish vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient
Example 3 Each bear sleeps 5 months a year.
det nsubj nummod obl:unmarked det obl:unmarked punct root Each DET bear NOUN sleeps VERB 5 NUM months NOUN a DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 bear det 2 bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 3 sleeps nsubj 3 sleeps sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 months nummod 5 months month NOUN Number=Plur 3 sleeps obl:unmarked 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 year det 7 year year NOUN Number=Sing 3 sleeps obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sleeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep present each bear month; year vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The bridge can bear 10 tons.
det nsubj aux nummod obj punct root The DET bridge NOUN can AUX bear VERB 10 NUM tons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bridge det 2 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 4 bear nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 bear aux 4 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 tons nummod 6 tons ton NOUN Number=Plur 4 bear obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 bear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bear can the bridge 10 tons vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Patient
Example 5 Polar bears live in the Arctic.
amod nsubj case det obl punct root Polar ADJ bears NOUN live VERB in ADP the DET Arctic PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polar polar ADJ Degree=Pos 2 bears amod 2 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 3 live nsubj 3 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 Arctic case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Arctic det 6 Arctic Arctic PROPN Number=Sing 3 live obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Polar bears the Arctic vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in arctic=Location
Example 6 Goldilocks met three bears.
nsubj nummod obj punct root Goldilocks PROPN met VERB three NUM bears NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Goldilocks Goldilocks PROPN Number=Sing 2 met nsubj 2 met meet VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 bears nummod 4 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 2 met obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 met punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 meet past Goldilocks three bears vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bear=Co-Agent
Example 7 Bear in mind that the shop closes early.
nsubj case nmod mark det nsubj advmod punct root Bear NOUN in ADP mind NOUN that SCONJ the DET shop NOUN closes VERB early ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bear bear NOUN Number=Sing 7 closes nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 mind case 3 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 1 Bear nmod 4 that that SCONJ _ 7 closes mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shop det 6 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 7 closes nsubj 7 closes close VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 early early ADV Degree=Pos 7 closes advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 closes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close present Bear in mind early property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 I cannot bear spiders!
nsubj aux advmod obj punct root I PRON can AUX not PART bear VERB spiders NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 bear nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 bear aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bear advmod 4 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 spiders spider NOUN Number=Plur 4 bear obj 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 bear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not bear can I spiders vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spider=Patient
Example 9 The apple tree bears fruit in autumn.
det compound compound compound case nmod punct root The DET apple NOUN tree NOUN bears NOUN fruit NOUN in ADP autumn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fruit det 2 apple apple NOUN Number=Sing 3 tree compound 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 bears compound 4 bears bear NOUN Number=Plur 5 fruit compound 5 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 autumn case 7 autumn autumn NOUN Number=Sing 5 fruit nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 fruit punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10 I cannot bear it any longer!
nsubj aux advmod obj advmod advmod punct root I PRON can AUX not PART bear VERB it PRON any ADV longer ADV ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 bear nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 bear aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 bear advmod 4 bear bear VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 bear obj 6 any any ADV _ 7 longer advmod 7 longer long ADV Degree=Cmp 4 bear advmod 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 bear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not bear can I it long property vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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